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    • 1. 发明申请
    • Router switch fabric protection using forward error correction
    • 路由器交换矩阵保护采用前向纠错
    • US20050083921A1
    • 2005-04-21
    • US10981841
    • 2004-11-05
    • Thomas McDermottHarry BlackmonTony BrewerHarold DozierJim KleinerGregory PalmerKeith ShawDavid TraylorDean Walker
    • Thomas McDermottHarry BlackmonTony BrewerHarold DozierJim KleinerGregory PalmerKeith ShawDavid TraylorDean Walker
    • H04L12/56H04Q11/00H04Q11/04H04L12/50
    • H04Q11/0005H04J2203/0057H04L49/1523H04L49/208H04L49/254H04L49/357H04L2012/5627H04Q11/0066H04Q2011/0043
    • Instead of alternatively utilizing only one fabric or the other fabric of a redundant pair, both fabrics simultaneously transmit duplicate information, such that each packet forwarding module (PFM) receives the output of both fabrics simultaneously. In real time, an internal optics module (IOM) analyzes each information chunk coming out of a working zero switch fabric; simultaneously examines a parallel output of a working one duplicate switch fabric; and compares on a chunk-by-chunk basis the validity of each and every chunk from both switch fabrics. The IOM does this by examining forward error correction (FEC) check symbols encapsulated into each chunk. FEC check symbols allow correcting a predetermined number of bit errors within a chunk. If the chunk cannot be corrected, then the IOM provides indication to all PFMs downstream that the chunk is defective. Under such conditions, the PFMs select a chunk from the non-defective switch fabric. Under error-free normal conditions, however, the PFMs select a chunk arbitrarily from a default switch fabric. In this way, each chunk in real time is selected from a non-defective source and is thus guaranteed to be error free. Accordingly, if a switch fabric fails, no information chunks are lost anywhere in the system.
    • 代替替代地仅使用冗余对的一个结构或另一个结构,两个结构同时发送重复信息,使得每个分组转发模块(PFM)同时接收两个结构的输出。 实时地,内部光学模块(IOM)分析从工作的零交换结构出来的每个信息块; 同时检查工作的一个重复交换矩阵的并行输出; 并且以逐块为基础比较来自两个交换结构的每个块的有效性。 IOM通过检查封装到每个块中的前向纠错(FEC)校验符号来实现。 FEC检查符号允许校正块内的预定数量的位错误。 如果块不能被纠正,则IOM向下游的所有PFM提供指示该块是有缺陷的。 在这种情况下,PFM从无缺陷的交换结构中选择一个块。 然而,在无错误的正常条件下,PFM从默认的交换结构中任意选择一个块。 以这种方式,从无缺陷源选择实时的每个块,并且因此被保证是无错误的。 因此,如果交换机结构发生故障,系统中的任何地方都不会丢失任何信息块。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method for sealing spiral wound filtration modules
    • 密封螺旋缠绕过滤模块的方法
    • US6068771A
    • 2000-05-30
    • US248422
    • 1999-02-11
    • Thomas McDermottMartin RoosStephen JensRobert Kovar
    • Thomas McDermottMartin RoosStephen JensRobert Kovar
    • B01D63/10B29C53/56B32B31/16
    • B01D63/10B29C53/562
    • A method for preparing a spiral wound filtration module is provided. The module has a central permeate carrier tube. The method includes winding at least one filtration leaf about the permeate carrier tube. The filtration leaf includes a first membrane sheet, a permeate carrier sheet, and a second membrane sheet. The winding step creates an end face extending radially outwardly from the permeate tube on each end thereof. After winding, the filtration module is maintained in a wound state. An adhesive is then supplied to each end face and a vacuum is applied through each of the permeate tube. While the vacuum is applied, the permeate tube and filtration leaf assembly are spun in a centrifuge until the adhesive has solidified. After spinning, each end face of the module is severed at a distance between the level of adhesive along the feed spacer screen and the level of adhesive along the permeate carrier sheet.
    • 提供了一种制备螺旋缠绕过滤模块的方法。 该模块具有中心渗透载体管。 该方法包括在渗透物载体管周围缠绕至少一个过滤叶。 过滤叶片包括第一膜片,渗透物载体片和第二膜片。 卷绕步骤产生从其每端的渗透管径向向外延伸的端面。 卷绕后,过滤组件保持卷绕状态。 然后将粘合剂供应到每个端面,并且通过每个渗透管施加真空。 当施加真空时,渗透管和过滤叶组件在离心机中旋转,直到粘合剂固化。 在旋转之后,模块的每个端面在沿着进料隔离器筛网的粘合剂水平和沿着渗透物载体片材的粘合剂水平之间的距离处被切断。