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1. 发明授权

US4492494A Process for stabilizing aqueous solutions used in the preparation of hydrophilic polymeric gels 失效
标题翻译：用于稳定用于制备亲水性聚合物凝胶的水溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4492494A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-08
申请号：US290315
申请日：1981-08-05
申请人： Tamas Szekely , Ferenc Csanda , Gabor Nagy , Gyozo Czerny
发明人： Tamas Szekely , Ferenc Csanda , Gabor Nagy , Gyozo Czerny
IPC分类号： C08F220/56 , C08F2/40 , C09K3/18 , C09K8/512 , E21D11/38 , F16L55/164 , E02D3/12
CPC分类号： C09K3/18 , C09K8/512 , E21D11/38 , F16L55/164
摘要： The invention relates to a process for stabilizing an aqueous gel-forming system comprising one or more water-soluble acrylic monomer as gellifying agent, methylenebis-acrylamide co-monomer and/or one or more mono- or bivalent aldehyde as cross-linking agent, a redox catalyst system containing an alkali metal and/or ammonium persulfate as oxidizing component along with one or more amine compound as reducing component, furthermore optionally one or more water-soluble polymer for adjusting the viscosity of the solution and/or modifying the gel structure. According to the invention said gel-forming system is stabilized by saturating it with molecular oxygen.The invention relates further to a process for improving the strength and impermeability of particulate materials and/or solid articles. According to the invention an aqueous gel-forming system, stabilized as discussed above, is applied into or onto the article to be treated or into the surroundings thereof, and oxygen saturation of the gel-forming system is suspended at an appropriate time.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及稳定包含一种或多种水溶性丙烯酸单体作为凝胶剂，亚甲基双丙烯酰胺共聚单体和/或一种或多种一价或二价醛作为交联剂的水性凝胶形成体系的方法，一种氧化还原催化剂体系，其含有碱金属和/或过硫酸铵作为氧化组分以及一种或多种胺化合物作为还原组分，此外任选地一种或多种用于调节溶液粘度和/或改性凝胶结构的水溶性聚合物。根据本发明，所述凝胶形成系统通过用分子氧饱和来稳定。本发明还涉及提高颗粒材料和/或固体制品的强度和不渗透性的方法。根据本发明，将如上所述稳定化的水凝胶形成系统施加到待处理制品中或其上的周围，并且凝胶形成系统的氧饱和度在适当的时间被暂停。

2. 发明授权

US5120344A Method for producing a barrier layer in soil 失效
标题翻译：在土壤中生产阻隔层的方法
公开(公告)号：US5120344A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-09
申请号：US747467
申请日：1991-08-13
申请人： Oszkar Libor , Gabor Nagy , Tamas Szekely , Rudolf Mester , Kalman Kazareczki , Tibor Muller , Jeno Kiss , Zoltan Saghi , Adam Hosszu
发明人： Oszkar Libor , Gabor Nagy , Tamas Szekely , Rudolf Mester , Kalman Kazareczki , Tibor Muller , Jeno Kiss , Zoltan Saghi , Adam Hosszu
IPC分类号： A01G25/00 , C05G3/00 , C09K17/42
CPC分类号： C05G3/0047 , C09K17/42 , A01G2025/003 , Y10S106/90 , Y10S71/903 , Y10S71/904
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for producing a closing layer which improves the water and nutrient retention of soils, particularly of sandy soils, characterized in that a layer of clay mineral/polymer gel capable of binding and releasing water in a reversible manner is introduced into the soil, preferably 20-60 cm below the soil surface, in such a way that a clay mineral is reacted either before or after or during activation in the presence of water, with 0.5-30% by weight, calculated for the weight of the clay mineral, of one or more water-soluble polymer capable of reacting with the clay mineral, the water content of the resulting gel is adjusted either before or after or during the reaction to a value at which the resistance of medium of the gel is at least three times higher than that of a polymer-free suspension containing the same amount of the clay mineral, if a non-activated clay mineral has been applied as starting substance, the clay mineral is activated with an alkaline activating agent after reacting it with the polymer, and, if desired, further amounts of a water-soluble polymer, one or more water-insoluble swelling xerogel capable of at least 100% water uptake and forming swollen particles less than 1 mm in diameter and/or one or more chemical for agricultural use, preferably a plant nutrient, a fungicidal substance acting against soil-borne fungi and/or a plant growth increasing substance, is added to the gel either before or after or during the reaction with the polymer, and/or, if desired, the gel and the non-reacted polymer molecules are cross-linked with an aldehyde, and finally the thus-formed gel layer is covered with a soil layer.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于生产封闭层的方法，该方法改善了土壤，特别是沙质土壤的水分和营养物质的保留性，其特征在于引入能够以可逆方式结合和释放水的粘土矿物/聚合物凝胶层进入土壤，优选在土壤表面下方20-60厘米，使得粘土矿物在水的存在下在活化之前或之后或在水的存在下反应，其重量计为0.5-30重量％一种或多种能够与粘土矿物反应的水溶性聚合物的粘土矿物，所得凝胶的水含量在反应之前或之后被调节至凝胶介质的电阻为比含有相同量的粘土矿物的无聚合物悬浮液高至少三倍，如果未活化的粘土矿物被用作起始物质，则粘土矿物被激活碱性活化剂在与聚合物反应后，如果需要，还可添加一定量的水溶性聚合物，一种或多种能够至少100％吸水并形成直径小于1mm的溶胀颗粒的水不溶性溶胀干凝胶和/或一种或多种用于农业的化学品，优选植物营养物质，对土壤真菌和/或植物生长增加物质起作用的杀真菌剂，在与聚合物反应之前或期间或之后加入到凝胶中，和/或如果需要，凝胶和未反应的聚合物分子与醛交联，最后将如此形成的凝胶层用土壤层覆盖。

3. 发明授权

US4988238A Method for improving the strength and impermeability of soils and engineering structures 失效
标题翻译：提高土壤和工程结构强度和不渗透性的方法
公开(公告)号：US4988238A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US429945
申请日：1989-10-31
申请人： Tamas Szekely , Gabor Nagy , Andras Danko , Janos Szepvolgyi , Andras Gal , Oszkar Libor
发明人： Tamas Szekely , Gabor Nagy , Andras Danko , Janos Szepvolgyi , Andras Gal , Oszkar Libor
IPC分类号： C09K17/12 , C09K17/46
CPC分类号： C09K17/12 , C09K17/46
摘要： A method is disclosed for improving the strength and impermeability of soils or engineering structures, which comprises the steps of:(a) applying to the site of the soil or of the engineering structure, an alkaline water glass solution comprising water glass in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight, calculated as dry substance;(b) allowing a time period to pass sufficient to permit the alkali present in the water glass solution to move by diffusion;(c) applying to the same site as in step (a), a silicic acid sol comprising SiO.sub.2 in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight calculated as dry substance, and an organic dispersion medium in which 10 to 100% by volume of the dispersion medium consists of a water-miscible organic solvent capable of reacting with the alkali content of the water glass solution applied during step (a), thereby gellifying the water glass so that the reaction product of the water-miscible organic solvent and the alkali content of the water glass is trapped within the gelled water glass; and(d) allowing a time period to pass sufficient to permit the respective organic dispersion medium present in the silicic acid sol to move by diffusion, so that gellification of the water glass takes place evenly when mixing of the water glass solution applied during step (a) and the silicic acid sol applied during step (c) to the soils or to the engineering structures takes place to effect a plasticizing effect on the resulting water glass gel.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于改善土壤或工程结构的强度和不渗透性的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）向土壤或工程结构的位置施加包含水玻璃的碱性水玻璃溶液，其量为 15〜40重量％，以干物质计算; （b）允许时间段通过足以允许水玻璃溶液中存在的碱通过扩散而移动; （c）在与步骤（a）相同的部位施用含有按干物质计5〜50重量％SiO 2的硅酸溶胶，以及有机分散介质，其中10〜100体积％分散介质由与步骤（a）中施加的水玻璃溶液的碱含量反应的水混溶性有机溶剂组成，从而将水玻璃凝胶化，使水溶性有机溶剂与碱的反应产物水玻璃的含量被凝固在凝胶水玻璃内; 和（d）允许一段时间通过足以使存在于硅酸溶胶中的各有机分散介质通过扩散移动，使得在步骤期间施加的水玻璃溶液的混合时水玻璃的胶凝化发生均匀（ a）和在步骤（c）中施加的硅酸溶胶施加到土壤或工程结构上以对所得水玻璃凝胶进行增塑作用。

4. 发明授权

US4600744A Process for the preparation of clay mineral-containing gels with stabilized structure and reversible water absorption ability 失效
标题翻译：用于制备具有稳定结构和可逆吸水能力的含粘土矿物凝胶的方法
公开(公告)号：US4600744A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-15
申请号：US664843
申请日：1984-10-25
申请人： Oszkar Libor , Gabor Nagy , Tamas Szekely
发明人： Oszkar Libor , Gabor Nagy , Tamas Szekely
IPC分类号： B01J13/00 , A62D1/00 , C01B33/26 , C01B33/44 , C07C45/69 , C07D207/22 , C07D207/34 , C08K3/34 , C09K8/14 , C09K17/42 , C09K103/00
CPC分类号： C09K17/42 , A62D1/0064 , C07C45/69 , C07D207/22 , C07D207/34 , C08K3/346 , C09K8/145
摘要： The invention relates to a process for the preparation of clay mineral-containing gels with stabilized structure and reversible water absorption ability.According to the invention an aqueous suspension containing a thixotropic, activated, swelling clay mineral of three-layer structure and/or a swelling chain silicate is treated with a water soluble polymer capable of reacting with the clay mineral and/or chain silicate, the clay mineral:polymer:water ratios are determined at which the resistance of medium of the resulting suspension is at least ten times higher than that of the initial, polymer-free suspension, and then the components are reacted with each other in the pre-determined ratios.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备具有稳定结构和可逆吸水能力的含粘土矿物凝胶的方法。根据本发明，含有三层结构的触变性活化膨胀粘土矿物和/或膨胀链状硅酸盐的水性悬浮液用能够与粘土矿物和/或链状硅酸盐反应的水溶性聚合物，粘土矿物质：聚合物：水的比率被确定，其中所得悬浮液的介质的电阻比初始的无聚合物悬浮液的电阻高至少十倍，然后组分以预定比例彼此反应。

5. 发明授权

US3956454A Process for producing aluminum trichloride 失效
标题翻译：生产三氯化铝的方法
公开(公告)号：US3956454A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US416676
申请日：1973-11-16
申请人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Oszkar Borlai , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Tamas Szekely , Laszlone Szabo , Szilard Riederauer
发明人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Oszkar Borlai , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Tamas Szekely , Laszlone Szabo , Szilard Riederauer
IPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C22B21/00 , C01F7/56
CPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C22B21/0007
摘要： The instant invention is particularly useful for using low-grade carbonaceous material to form aluminum-trichloride. Aluminous material and the carbonaceous material are comminuted either separately or together, and then the aluminous and carbonaceous materials are either compacted or mixed with a binder to form a doughlike paste. The compacting or mixing with the binder to form the dough-like paste is to insure that the particulate aluminous and carbonaceous materials have extremely close and intimate contact. The mixture is then calcined and chlorinated at an elevated temperature to form aluminum trichloride.
摘要翻译：本发明特别适用于使用低等级碳质材料来形成三氯化铝。将铝材料和碳质材料分开或一起粉碎，然后将铝和碳质材料压实或与粘合剂混合以形成面团状糊状物。压实或与粘合剂混合以形成面团状糊料是为了确保颗粒状的含铝和碳质材料具有非常接近和紧密的接触。然后将混合物在升高的温度下煅烧和氯化以形成三氯化铝。

6. 发明授权

US3950485A Production of aluminum chloride from raw materials containing coal 失效
标题翻译：从含煤的原料生产氯化铝
公开(公告)号：US3950485A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-13
申请号：US597083
申请日：1975-07-18
申请人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Oszkar Borlai , Laszlo Kapolyi , Tamas Szekely
发明人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Oszkar Borlai , Laszlo Kapolyi , Tamas Szekely
IPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C01F7/56
CPC分类号： C01F7/60
摘要： A process for the production of aluminum chloride from raw materials such as coal slate or bituminous shale is disclosed. The raw material should preferably have an ash content of at least 30% by weight, and with the aluminum content of the ash being at least 20%, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The raw material is first calcined and then chlorinated with a gaseous stream containing chlorine and carbon monoxide to form the aluminum chloride product.
摘要翻译：公开了从原料如煤板岩或沥青页岩生产氯化铝的方法。原料的灰分优选为至少30重量％，灰分的铝含量为Al 2 O 3计，至少为20重量％。首先对原料进行煅烧，然后用含氯和一氧化碳的气流进行氯化，形成氯化铝产物。

7. 发明授权

US3937786A Production of aluminum chloride from raw materials containing coal 失效
标题翻译：从含有煤的原料生产氯化铝
公开(公告)号：US3937786A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-10
申请号：US481543
申请日：1974-06-20
申请人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Oszkar Borlai , Laszlo Kapolyi , Tamas Szekely
发明人： Erno Nemecz , Aurel Ujhidy , Karoly Polinszky , Janos Szepvolgyi , Oszkar Borlai , Laszlo Kapolyi , Tamas Szekely
IPC分类号： C01F7/60 , C01F7/56
CPC分类号： C01F7/60
摘要： A process for the production of aluminum chloride from raw materials such as coal slate or bituminous shale is disclosed. The raw material should preferably have an ash content of at least 30% by weight, and with the aluminum content of the ash being at least 20%, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The raw material is first calcined and then chlorinated with a gaseous stream containing chlorine and carbon monoxide to form the aluminum chloride product.

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