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1. 发明授权

US5627908A Method for cytological system dynamic normalization 失效
标题翻译：细胞学系统动态归一化方法
公开(公告)号：US5627908A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US309063
申请日：1994-09-20
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Alan C. Nelson , Larry A. Nelson , Carl E. Youngmann , Keith L. Frost
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Alan C. Nelson , Larry A. Nelson , Carl E. Youngmann , Keith L. Frost
IPC分类号： G01N15/14 , G06K9/00 , G06K9/38
CPC分类号： G01N15/1475
摘要： A cytological system dynamic normalization of a normal threshold. An analysis score from a slide is compared against a threshold to determine whether or not the slide is normal or requires microscopy review. The normal threshold is dynamically adjusted using a three step process. The process is implemented on an automatic cytology system. The first step is initial calibration of the system to determine an initial threshold. The second step is a running adjustment of the normal threshold in response to the presentation of new slides to the automatic cytology system. The third step is the batch certification of every slide. The threshold may be adjusted for an analysis score, a quality control score, or a screening score.
摘要翻译：细胞学系统动态归一化正常阈值。将幻灯片的分析得分与阈值进行比较，以确定幻灯片是否正常或需要显微镜检查。使用三步过程动态调整正常阈值。该过程在自动细胞学系统上实现。第一步是系统的初始校准，以确定初始阈值。第二步是响应于向自动细胞学系统呈现新幻灯片而正常阈值的运行调整。第三步是每张幻灯片的批量认证。可以针对分析得分，质量控制评分或筛选分数调整阈值。

2. 发明授权

US5933519A Cytological slide scoring apparatus 失效
标题翻译：细胞学评分仪
公开(公告)号：US5933519A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-03
申请号：US867017
申请日：1997-06-03
申请人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Michael G. Meyer , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , William E. Ortyn , Larry A. Nelson , Keith L. Frost , Jon W. Hayenga
发明人： Shih-Jong J. Lee , Paul S. Wilhelm , Michael G. Meyer , Wendy R. Bannister , Chih-Chau L. Kuan , William E. Ortyn , Larry A. Nelson , Keith L. Frost , Jon W. Hayenga
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/68 , G06K9/70
CPC分类号： G06K9/00127 , G06K9/6253 , G06K9/685
摘要： The invention detects areas of interest at low magnification, locating possible abnormal cells or other cells of interest using image processing and statistical pattern recognition techniques. Next, at high magnification, the areas identified at low magnification are re-examined. The information from the low magnification and high magnification scans is collated and a determination is made about the slide--whether it is normal, abnormal, contains endocervical component, and so forth. The invention also provides a method and apparatus to train object feature and slide feature classifiers. The invention provides an automated cytology system that can process training slides for use in a feed back classifier development environment. The invention also can classify endocervical groups of cells.
摘要翻译：本发明使用图像处理和统计模式识别技术来检测低放大倍数的感兴趣区域，定位可能的异常细胞或感兴趣的其它细胞。接下来，在高放大倍数下，重新检查在低倍率下识别的区域。对来自低放大倍数和高倍率扫描的信息进行整理，并确定载玻片是否正常，异常，包含宫颈内部成分等。本发明还提供了一种训练对象特征和幻灯片特征分类器的方法和装置。本发明提供了一种自动细胞学系统，其可以处理用于反馈分类器开发环境中的训练幻灯片。本发明还可以分类宫颈癌细胞群。

3. 发明授权

US07567695B2 Method and apparatus for reading reporter labeled beads 失效
公开(公告)号：US07567695B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-28
申请号：US11078009
申请日：2005-03-11
申请人： Keith L. Frost , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Rosalynde J. Finch , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
发明人： Keith L. Frost , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Rosalynde J. Finch , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/148 , C12Q1/6816 , C40B20/04 , C40B30/04 , C40B40/08 , C40B60/10 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1472 , G01N2015/1479 , G01N2015/1497 , G02B7/28 , G02B27/0012 , G02B27/1013 , G02B27/126 , G02B27/144 , G02B27/145 , C12Q2563/179 , C12Q2563/155 , C12Q2563/107
摘要： Combinatorially-synthesized deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) oligonucleotides attached to encoded beads that are hybridized to amplified and labeled genomic DNA or ribonucleic acid (RNA) are analyzed using a flow imaging system. Oligonucleotides and corresponding reporters are bound to the surfaces of a plurality of small beads such that different beads bear different oligo sequences. Each bead bears a unique optical signature comprising a predefined number of unique reporters, where each reporter comprises a predefined combination of different fluorochromes. The composite spectral signature in turn identifies the unique nucleotide sequence of its attached oligo chains. This optical signature is rapidly decoded using an imaging system to discriminate the different reporters attached to each bead in a flow in regard to color and spatial position on the bead.

4. 发明授权

US06906792B2 Methods of calibrating an imaging system using calibration beads 有权
标题翻译：使用校准珠校准成像系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US06906792B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US10865664
申请日：2004-06-10
申请人： William E. Ortyn , David A. Basiji , Keith L. Frost , Brian E. Hall , Michael J. Seo
发明人： William E. Ortyn , David A. Basiji , Keith L. Frost , Brian E. Hall , Michael J. Seo
IPC分类号： G01N15/10 , G01N15/14 , G02B27/00 , G06T7/20 , G01P3/36
CPC分类号： G01N15/1012 , G01N15/1459 , G01N15/1463 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1025 , G01N2015/1075 , G01N2015/144 , G01N2015/1443 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1452 , G01N2015/1465 , G01N2015/1472 , G01N2015/1477 , G01N2015/1497 , G02B27/0012 , G06T7/20
摘要： When utilized in a flow imaging instrument, calibration beads provide a known data source that can be employed in various self-diagnostic, calibration and quality metric applications for the both the optical system of the flow imaging instrument, as well as the flow cell of the flow imaging instrument. Such data can be used to determine point spread functions associated with an imaging system, to determine a sensitivity of an imaging system, and to determine a focal point of the imaging system. Imagery collected from calibration beads can be used to determine core size and stability and TDI/flow speed synchronization. Calibration beads can be beneficially employed to enable stable system operation, even when very low sample concentration, or very small sample sizes are to be analyzed.
摘要翻译：当在流动成像仪器中使用时，校准珠粒提供已知的数据源，其可以用于流动成像仪器的光学系统的各种自我诊断，校准和质量度量应用，以及流量单元流量成像仪。这样的数据可用于确定与成像系统相关联的点扩散功能，以确定成像系统的灵敏度，并确定成像系统的焦点。从校准珠收集的图像可用于确定核心尺寸和稳定性以及TDI /流速同步。即使要分析非常低的样品浓度或非常小的样品量，也可以有利地使用校准珠来实现稳定的系统操作。

5. 发明授权

US06507391B2 Measuring the velocity of small moving objects such as cells 有权
公开(公告)号：US06507391B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-14
申请号：US09939049
申请日：2001-08-24
申请人： James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
发明人： James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
IPC分类号： G01P336
CPC分类号： G02B27/0012 , G01N15/1012 , G01N15/1459 , G01N15/147 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1025 , G01N2015/1075 , G01N2015/144 , G01N2015/1443 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1452 , G01N2015/1497 , G06T7/20
摘要： Frequency domain velocity measurements and time domain velocity measurements are made using light from cells or other objects. An optical grating is used to modulate the light from an object so that it has a frequency proportional to the velocity of the object. Depending upon the embodiment, the pitch of the optical grating is uniform or varying. The modulated light is detected, producing an analog signal that is then digitally sampled. Time domain signal processing techniques are used to determine the velocity of the object from the digital samples. Preferably, the velocity measured is applied in determining a timing signal employed for synchronization of an image of the object and an detector signal in an optical analysis system that uses a time delay integration (TDI) detector to determine characteristics of the object in response to light from the object.

6. 发明授权

US5621519A Imaging system transfer function control method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：成像系统传输功能控制方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5621519A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US509182
申请日：1995-07-31
申请人： Keith L. Frost , Seho Oh , Jon W. Hayenga , Kim J. Hansen
发明人： Keith L. Frost , Seho Oh , Jon W. Hayenga , Kim J. Hansen
IPC分类号： G01M11/02 , H04N17/00 , G01M11/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/0292 , H04N17/002
摘要： Accurately measuring and controlling the system transfer function of an imaging system, by eliminating interference from aliases. An image is captured of an image primitive with a uniaxial pattern, oriented at an angle to the primary axes of a sampling array. In order to accurately measure the system transfer function, a two-dimensional frequency representation is computed. The aliased components of the representation are separated from the unaliased components by translation in frequency along the axis perpendicular to the axis of the image primitive. Accurate measurement of the system transfer function makes it possible to accurately control the system transfer function.
摘要翻译：通过消除别名的干扰，准确测量和控制成像系统的系统传递功能。捕获具有与采样阵列的主轴成一角度定向的单轴图案的图像原语的图像。为了准确测量系统传递函数，计算二维频率表示。通过沿垂直于图像原语的轴的轴的频率平移将表示的混叠分量与未混合的分量分离。系统传输功能的精确测量可以准确控制系统传输功能。

7. 发明授权

US09361640B1 Method and system for efficient order placement 有权
标题翻译：有效的订单放置方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US09361640B1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-07
申请号：US11865442
申请日：2007-10-01
申请人： Aaron M. Donsbach , Keith L. Frost
发明人： Aaron M. Donsbach , Keith L. Frost
IPC分类号： G06Q30/00 , G06Q30/06
CPC分类号： G06Q30/0625 , G06Q30/0633
摘要： Methods and systems are described for providing efficient product ordering of products, such as groceries or any other product or item. The customer enters keywords (or generic terms) that describe a desired item on a first portion of a display screen and search result items associated with each of the keywords on the list automatically appear on a second portion of the display screen. When the customer selects the desired items from the second portion of the display screen, the selected items automatically appear on a third portion of the display screen. The customer can then click a “Check Out” button on the same screen and have the products shipped to him/her.
摘要翻译：描述的方法和系统用于提供产品的有效产品订购，例如杂货或任何其他产品或物品。客户输入描述在显示屏幕的第一部分上的所需项目的关键字（或通用术语），并且与列表上的每个关键字相关联的搜索结果项自动出现在显示屏幕的第二部分上。当客户从显示屏幕的第二部分中选择期望的项目时，所选择的项目自动出现在显示屏幕的第三部分上。客户可以点击同一屏幕上的“签出”按钮，并将产品运送给他/她。

8. 发明授权

US07190832B2 Computational methods for the segmentation of images of objects from background in a flow imaging instrument 有权
标题翻译：用于从流体成像仪器背景中分离物体图像的计算方法
公开(公告)号：US07190832B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US10200018
申请日：2002-07-17
申请人： Keith L. Frost , James K. Riley
发明人： Keith L. Frost , James K. Riley
IPC分类号： G06K9/34 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/0012 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/6456 , G01N21/6458 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1472 , G01N2015/1486 , G01N2015/1497
摘要： In automated computation-based interpretation of images, the accuracy and reliability of the detection and delineation of objects, known as “object segmentation,” is implemented so as to provide efficient performance. In a multi-step process, objects are first detected and captured into regions of interest (ROIs). Sets of pixels belonging to respective objects are then identified. Preferably object detection is achieved using both a two-dimensional (2D) low pass filter and a 2D edge enhancement filter. Two different gradient based edge enhancement filters are disclosed. One embodiment of the invention defines a (ROI) by first determining the center of objects by executing a plurality of decimations on the filtered image data, and then establishing object boundaries. In a second embodiment the ROI is defined by generating an amplitude histogram of the filtered image data, and for histograms exceeding a threshold determining by pixel which rows are to be included in the ROI.
摘要翻译：在图像的自动计算解释中，实现了被称为“对象分割”的对象的检测和描绘的准确性和可靠性，以提供有效的性能。在多步骤过程中，首先检测对象并将其捕获到感兴趣的区域（ROI）中。然后识别属于各个对象的像素集合。优选地，使用二维（2D）低通滤波器和2D边缘增强滤波器来实现对象检测。公开了两种不同的基于梯度的边缘增强滤波器。本发明的一个实施例通过首先通过对经滤波的图像数据执行多个抽取，然后建立对象边界来首先确定对象的中心来定义（ROI）。在第二实施例中，通过生成滤波图像数据的幅度直方图，并且对于直方图超过阈值来确定ROI将被包括在ROI中的哪个行来定义ROI。

9. 发明授权

US07087877B2 Auto focus for a flow imaging system 有权
标题翻译：流量成像系统的自动对焦
公开(公告)号：US07087877B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US11045675
申请日：2005-01-28
申请人： William E. Ortyn , Michael J. Seo , David A. Basiji , Keith L. Frost , David J. Perry
发明人： William E. Ortyn , Michael J. Seo , David A. Basiji , Keith L. Frost , David J. Perry
IPC分类号： G02B27/40
CPC分类号： G06T7/20 , G01N15/1459 , G01N15/1463 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1443 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1452 , G01N2015/1497 , G02B27/0012 , G06K9/00134
摘要： A pair of optical gratings are used to modulate light from an object, and the modulated light from either grating is used to determine the velocity of the object. Each optical grating is offset from a reference focal point by the same distance, one grating being offset in a positive direction, the other in a negative direction. Signals produced in response to the modulated light can be processed to determine a direction in which a primary collection lens should be moved in order to improve a focus of the imaging system on the object. The lens is moved incrementally in the direction so determined, and the process is repeated until an optimal focus is achieved. In a preferred embodiment, the signals are weighted, so that the optical grating disposed closest to the optimal focus position contributes the most to velocity detection.
摘要翻译：一对光栅用于调制来自物体的光，并且来自任一光栅的调制光用于确定物体的速度。每个光栅从参考焦点偏移相同的距离，一个光栅在正方向偏移，另一个光栅在负方向上偏移。可以处理响应于调制光产生的信号以确定主收集透镜应该移动的方向，以便改善成像系统对物体的焦点。透镜在如此确定的方向上逐渐移动，并重复该过程，直到达到最佳聚焦。在优选实施例中，对信号进行加权，使得最靠近最佳聚焦位置布置的光栅最有助于速度检测。

10. 发明授权

US07079708B2 Method and apparatus for correcting crosstalk and spatial resolution for multichannel imaging 有权
公开(公告)号：US07079708B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-18
申请号：US11224200
申请日：2005-09-12
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
IPC分类号： G06K9/32 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00503 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/2803 , G01J3/32 , G01J3/36 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G06K9/00127 , G06T5/50 , G06T7/32 , G06T7/33 , G06T2207/10036
摘要： A multichannel imaging system generates an ensemble of images for each field of view of an object. Each image in the ensemble is intended to contain information from only one source among a plurality of sources for the object. However, due to crosstalk, at least a portion of the signal from a first source appears in a channel intended for a second source. Because the accuracy of the correction will be degraded if the images in an ensemble are spatially misaligned with respect to one another, the spatial offset between images is determined and a correction is applied to substantially eliminate the offset. Then, a correction to the signals is determined to substantially reduce the contributions to the signal in a channel from the signals in other channels. The signal processing can be employed to process the output signals for each of a plurality of different disclosed imaging systems.

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