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    • 2. 发明申请
    • DATA CODING FOR IMPROVED ECC EDDICIENCY IN A NONVOLATILE STORAGE SYSTEM
    • 在非易失存储系统中改进ECC编码的数据编码
    • WO2011062917A1
    • 2011-05-26
    • PCT/US2010/056900
    • 2010-11-16
    • SANDISK CORPORATIONWAN, JunMAK, AlexKUO, Tien-chienLI, YanCHEN, Jian
    • WAN, JunMAK, AlexKUO, Tien-chienLI, YanCHEN, Jian
    • G11C11/56
    • G11C11/5642G11C11/5628G11C29/00
    • Non-volatile storage devices and techniques for operating non-volatile storage are described herein. One embodiment includes accessing "n" pages of data to be programmed into a group of non-volatile storage elements. The "n" pages are mapped to a data state for each of the non- volatile storage elements based on a coding scheme that evenly distributes read errors across the "n" pages of data. Each of the non-volatile storage elements in the group are programmed to a threshold voltage range based on the data states to which the plurality of pages have been mapped. The programming may include programming the "n" pages simultaneously. In one embodiment, mapping the plurality of pages is based on a coding scheme that distributes a significant failure mode (for example, program disturb errors) to a first of the pages and a significant failure mode (for example, data retention errors) to a second of the pages.
    • 这里描述了用于操作非易失性存储器的非易失性存储设备和技术。 一个实施例包括访问要编程到一组非易失性存储元件的“n”页数据。 基于在“n”个数据页均匀地分配读取错误的编码方案,将“n”个页面映射到每个非易失性存储元件的数据状态。 基于已经映射了多个页面的数据状态,组中的每个非易失性存储元件被编程到阈值电压范围。 编程可以包括同时对“n”页进行编程。 在一个实施例中,映射多个页面是基于将显着的故障模式(例如,程序干扰错误)分配给第一页面的编码方案以及将重大故障模式(例如,数据保留错误)分配给 第二页。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • CONTINUED VERIFICATION IN NON-VOLATILE MEMORY WRITE OPERATIONS
    • 在非易失性存储器写操作中继续验证
    • WO2007079062A1
    • 2007-07-12
    • PCT/US2006/049220
    • 2006-12-27
    • SANDISK CORPORATIONCHEN, Jian
    • CHEN, Jian
    • G11C16/34
    • G11C16/3468G11C16/3486
    • Temporary lock-out is provided while programming a group of non¬ volatile memory cells to more accurately program the memory cells. After successfully verifying that the threshold voltage of a memory cell has reached the level for its intended state, it is possible that the threshold voltage will subsequently decrease to below the verify level during additional iterations of the programming process needed to complete programming of other memory cells of the group. Memory cells are monitored (e.g., after each iteration) to determine if they fall below the verify level after previously verifying that the target threshold voltage has been reached. Cells that pass verification and then subsequently fail verification can be subjected to further programming. For example, the bit line voltage for the memory cell of interest may be set to a moderately high voltage to slow down or reduce the amount of programming accomplished by each subsequent programming pulse. In this manner, a memory cell that falls out of verification can be placed back in the normal programming flow without risking over-programming of the cell.
    • 在编写一组非易失性存储单元以更准确地对存储单元进行编程时,提供临时锁定。 在成功验证存储器单元的阈值电压已经达到其预期状态的电平之后,有可能阈值电压随后在完成编程其它存储器单元所需的编程过程的附加迭代期间降低到低于验证电平 的组合。 监视存储器单元(例如,在每次迭代之后),以确定在先前验证是否已达到目标阈值电压之后它们是否落在验证电平以下。 通过验证然后随后验证失败的单元可以进行进一步的编程。 例如,感兴趣的存储单元的位线电压可以被设置为适度的高电压以减慢或减少由每个随后的编程脉冲实现的编程量。 以这种方式,退出验证的存储单元可以放回到正常编程流程中,而不会对单元进行过度编程的风险。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • ERASE VERIFICATION FOR NON-VOLATILE MEMORY BY TESTING THE CONDUCTION OF THE MEMORY ELEMENTS IN A FIRST AND A SECOND DIRECTION
    • 通过测试第一和第二方向的记忆元素的导致来对非易失性存储器进行擦除验证
    • WO2005119696A1
    • 2005-12-15
    • PCT/US2005/017862
    • 2005-05-20
    • SANDISK CORPORATIONTRAN, DatPONNURU, KiranCHEN, JianLUTZE, Jeffrey, W.WANG, Jun
    • TRAN, DatPONNURU, KiranCHEN, JianLUTZE, Jeffrey, W.WANG, Jun
    • G11C16/34
    • G11C16/3468
    • Systems and methods in accordance with various embodiments can provide for comprehensive erase verification and defect detection in non-volatile semiconductor memory. In one embodiment, the results of erasing a group of storage elements is verified using a plurality of test conditions to better detect defective and/or insufficiently erased storage elements of the group. For example, the results of erasing a NAND string can be verified by testing charging of the string in a plurality of directions with the storage elements biased to turn on if in an erased state. If a string of storage elements passes a first test process or operation but fails a second test process or operation, the string can be determined to have failed the erase process and possibly be defective. By testing charging or conduction of the string in a first (380) and a second (382) direction, defects in any transistors of the Systems and methods in accordance with various embodiments can provide for comprehensive erase verification and defect detection in non-volatile semiconductor memory. In one embodiment, the results of erasing a group of storage elements in verified using a plurality of test conditions to better detect defective and/or insufficiently erased storage elements of the group. For example, the results of erasing a NAND string can be verified by testing charging of the string in a plurality of directions with the storage elements biased to turn on if in an erased state. If a string of storage elements passes a first test process or operation but fails a second test process or operation, the string can be determined to have failed the erase process and possibly be defective. By testing charging or conduction of the string in a plurality of directions, defects in any transistors of the string that are masked under one set of conditions may be exposed under a second set of bias conditions. For example, a string may pass an erase verification operation but then be read as including one or more programmed storage elements. Such a string can be defective and mapped out of the memory device.
    • 根据各种实施例的系统和方法可以提供非易失性半导体存储器中的全面擦除验证和缺陷检测。 在一个实施例中,使用多个测试条件来验证擦除一组存储元件的结果,以更好地检测组中的有缺陷和/或不充分擦除的存储元件。 例如,擦除NAND串的结果可以通过在多个方向上测试字符串的充电来验证,其中存储元件被偏置为在擦除状态下导通。 如果一串存储元件通过第一个测试过程或操作,但是失败了第二个测试过程或操作,则可以确定该字符串已经失效了擦除过程并且可能是有缺陷的。 通过测试第一(380)和第二(382)方向的串的充电或导通,根据各种实施例的系统和方法的任何晶体管中的缺陷可以提供非易失性半导体中的全面擦除验证和缺陷检测 记忆。 在一个实施例中,擦除使用多个测试条件验证的一组存储元件的结果,以更好地检测该组的有缺陷和/或不充分擦除的存储元件。 例如,擦除NAND串的结果可以通过在多个方向上测试字符串的充电来验证,其中存储元件被偏置为在擦除状态下导通。 如果一串存储元件通过第一个测试过程或操作,但是失败了第二个测试过程或操作,则可以确定该字符串已经失效了擦除过程并且可能是有缺陷的。 通过在多个方向上测试串的充电或导通,在一组条件下被屏蔽的串的任何晶体管中的缺陷可能在第二组偏置条件下暴露。 例如,字符串可以传递擦除验证操作,然后被读取为包括一个或多个编程的存储元件。 这样的字符串可能是有缺陷的,并被映射出存储器件。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • VARIABLE PROGRAMMING OF NON-VOLATILE MEMORY
    • 非易失性存储器的可变编程
    • WO2005101424A1
    • 2005-10-27
    • PCT/US2005/010006
    • 2005-03-23
    • SANDISK CORPORATIONCHEN, JianWANG, Chi-Ming
    • CHEN, JianWANG, Chi-Ming
    • G11C16/34
    • G11C16/3459G11C11/5628G11C11/5642G11C16/0483G11C16/3418G11C16/3427G11C16/3454G11C2211/5621
    • Systems and methods in accordance with various embodiments can provide for reduced program disturb in non-volatile semiconductor memory. In one embodiment, select memory cells such as those connected to a last word line of a NAND string are programmed using one or more program verify levels or voltages that are different than a corresponding level used to program other cells or word lines. One exemplary embodiment includes using a lower threshold voltage verify level for select physical states when programming the last word line to be programmed for a string during a program operation. Another embodiment includes applying a lower program voltage to program memory cells of the last word line to select physical states. Additional read levels are established for reading the states programmed using lower verify levels in some exemplary implementations. A second program voltage step size that is larger than a nominal step size is used in one embodiment when programming select memory cells or word lines, such as the last word line to be programmed for a NAND string.
    • 根据各种实施例的系统和方法可以提供非易失性半导体存储器中减少的程序干扰。 在一个实施例中,使用与编程其他单元或字线的相应级别不同的一个或多个程序验证电平或电压对连接到NAND串的最后字线的选择存储器单元进行编程。 一个示例性实施例包括在编程在程序操作期间编程用于字符串的最后一个字线时,使用较低的阈值电压验证电平进行选择的物理状态。 另一个实施例包括将较低编程电压施加到最后字线的编程存储单元以选择物理状态。 在一些示例性实施方式中,建立读取使用较低验证电平编程的状态的附加读取电平。 在一个实施例中,当编程选择存储器单元或字线(诸如要为NAND串编程的最后字线)时,使用大于标称步长的第二编程电压步长。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • REVERSE COUPLING EFFECT WITH TIMING INFORMATION
    • 具有时序信息的反向耦合效应
    • WO2007058846A1
    • 2007-05-24
    • PCT/US2006/043483
    • 2006-11-08
    • SANDISK CORPORATIONCHEN, Jian
    • CHEN, Jian
    • G11C16/26
    • G11C11/5642G11C11/5628G11C16/0483G11C16/12G11C16/26G11C16/3418
    • Shifts in the apparent charge stored on a floating gate (or other charge storing element) of a non-volatile memory cell can occur because of the coupling of an electric field based on the charge stored in neighboring floating gates (or other neighboring charge storing elements). The problem occurs most pronouncedly between sets of adjacent memory cells that have been programmed at different times. To compensate for this coupling, the read process for a given memory cell will take into account the programmed state of a neighbor memory cell if the neighbor memory cell was programmed subsequent to the given memory cell. Techniques for determining whether the neighbor memory cell was programmed before or after the given memory cell are disclosed.
    • 存在于非易失性存储单元的浮动栅极(或其它电荷存储元件)上的表观电荷的变化可能发生,因为基于存储在相邻浮动栅极(或其它相邻电荷存储元件)中的电荷的电场的耦合 )。 在不同时间编程的相邻存储器单元组之间最明显地出现该问题。 为了补偿该耦合,如果相邻存储器单元在给定存储器单元之后被编程,则给定存储器单元的读取过程将考虑相邻存储器单元的编程状态。 公开了用于确定相邻存储器单元是否在给定存储器单元之前或之后被编程的技术。