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1. 发明授权

US6067412A Automatic bottleneck detection by means of workload reconstruction from performance measurements 失效
标题翻译：通过性能测量的工作负载重建实现自动瓶颈检测
公开(公告)号：US6067412A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-23
申请号：US516176
申请日：1995-08-17
申请人： Russell P. Blake , David O. Hovel , Robert I. Davidson , David E. Heckerman , John S. Breese
发明人： Russell P. Blake , David O. Hovel , Robert I. Davidson , David E. Heckerman , John S. Breese
IPC分类号： G06F11/34 , G06F9/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/3409 , G06F11/3452 , G06F11/3414 , G06F11/3428 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2201/87 , G06F2201/885
摘要： A system and method for determining a workload placed on a target computer system during execution of a specified computer program. The system receives a set of performance measurements representing the performance of the target computer system during execution of the specified computer program. The system then identifies a plurality of workloads and for each identified workload, uses a model of the target computer system to predict a set of performance measurements that would results when a computer program that places the identified workload on the target computer system is executed. The system selects the identified workload whose set of predicted performance measurements most closely matches the received set of performance measurements as the determined workload that was place on the target computer system during execution of the specified computer program. The system uses the selected workload to predict the performance of the specified computer program on the target computer system with various different configurations. The system also determines the resource that is a bottleneck for each of the different configurations.
摘要翻译：一种用于在执行指定的计算机程序期间确定放置在目标计算机系统上的工作负载的系统和方法。系统在执行指定的计算机程序期间接收表示目标计算机系统的性能的一组性能测量。然后，系统识别多个工作负载，并且对于每个所识别的工作负载，使用目标计算机系统的模型来预测当将所识别的工作负载置于目标计算机系统上的计算机程序被执行时将导致的一组性能测量。该系统选择所识别的工作负载，其中一组预测的性能测量与所接收的一组性能测量值最接近地匹配，作为在执行指定的计算机程序期间放置在目标计算机系统上的确定的工作负载。系统使用所选择的工作负载来预测具有各种不同配置的目标计算机系统上指定的计算机程序的性能。该系统还确定作为每个不同配置的瓶颈的资源。

2. 发明授权

US06233570B1 Intelligent user assistance facility for a software program 有权
标题翻译：用于软件程序的智能用户辅助功能
公开(公告)号：US06233570B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09197160
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
发明人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： G06N5/00 , G06F9/453 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A general event composing and monitoring system that allows high-level events to be created from combinations of low-level events. An event specification tool allows for rapid development of a general event processor that creates high-level events from combinations of user actions. The event system, in combination with a reasoning system, is able to monitor and perform inference about several classes of events for a variety of purposes. The various classes of events include the current context, the state of key data structures in a program, general sequences of user inputs, including actions with a mouse-controlled cursor while interacting with a graphical user interface, words typed in free-text queries for assistance, visual information about users, such as gaze and gesture information, and speech information. Additionally, a method is provided for building an intelligent user interface system by constructing a reasoning model to compute the probability of alternative user's intentions, goals, or informational needs through analysis of information about a user's actions, program state, and words. The intelligent user interface system monitors user interaction with a software application and applies probabilistic reasoning to sense that the user may need assistance in using a particular feature or to accomplish a specific task. The intelligent user interface also accepts a free-text query from the user asking for help and combines the inference analysis of user actions and program state with an inference analysis of the free-text query. The inference system accesses a rich, updatable user profile system to continually check for competencies and changes assistance that is given based on user competence.
摘要翻译：一般的事件编制和监控系统，允许从低级别事件的组合创建高级别事件。事件规范工具可以快速开发通用事件处理器，从用户操作的组合创建高级事件。事件系统与推理系统相结合，能够监视和执行关于几类事件的推理，用于各种目的。各种类型的事件包括当前上下文，程序中关键数据结构的状态，用户输入的一般序列，包括与图形用户界面交互时使用鼠标控制的光标的操作，以自由文本查询形式输入的单词帮助，关于用户的视觉信息，例如注视和手势信息，以及语音信息。另外，提供了一种构建智能用户界面系统的方法，通过构建推理模型来通过分析关于用户动作，程序状态和单词的信息来计算替代用户的意图，目标或信息需求的概率。智能用户界面系统监视用户与软件应用程序的交互，并应用概率推理来感知用户可能需要协助使用特定功能或完成特定任务。智能用户界面还接受用户请求帮助的自由文本查询，并将用户操作和程序状态的推理分析与自由文本查询的推理分析相结合。推理系统访问丰富的，可更新的用户配置文件系统，以持续检查基于用户能力给出的能力和更改帮助。

3. 发明授权

US06262730B1 Intelligent user assistance facility 有权
标题翻译：智能用户帮助设施
公开(公告)号：US06262730B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09197158
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
发明人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
IPC分类号： G06F300
CPC分类号： G06N5/00 , G06F9/453 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： An intelligent user assistance system is disclosed. The system is constructed using a reasoning model to determine the probability of a user's intentions, goals, or informational needs in the context of a software program. This is accomplished through analysis of information about the user's actions, the program state, and spoken words. The system monitors user interaction with the software program and applies probabilistic reasoning to sense that the user may need assistance in using a particular feature or to accomplish a specific task. The inference system accesses a thorough and updateable user profile system to continually check for competencies and changes assistance that is given based on the competencies.
摘要翻译：公开了一种智能用户辅助系统。使用推理模型构建系统，以确定在软件程序的上下文中用户的意图，目标或信息需求的概率。这是通过分析有关用户操作，程序状态和口头单词的信息来实现的。系统监视用户与软件程序的交互，并应用概率推理来感知用户在使用特定功能或完成特定任务时可能需要协助。推理系统访问一个彻底和可更新的用户配置文件系统，以持续检查基于能力给出的能力和更改帮助。

4. 发明授权

US06260035B1 Intelligent user assistance facility for a software program 有权
公开(公告)号：US06260035B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US09197159
申请日：1998-11-20
申请人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
发明人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： G06N5/00 , G06F9/453 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： A general event composing and monitoring system that allows high-level events to be created from combinations of low-level events. An event specification tool allows for rapid development of a general event processor that creates high-level events from combinations of user actions. The event system, in combination with a reasoning system, is able to monitor and perform inference about several classes of events for a variety of purposes. The various classes of events include the current context, the state of key data structures in a program, general sequences of user inputs, including actions with a mouse-controlled cursor while interacting with a graphical user interface, words typed in free-text queries for assistance, visual information about users, such as gaze and gesture information, and speech information. Additionally, a method is provided for building an intelligent user interface system by constructing a reasoning model to compute the probability of alternative user's intentions, goals, or informational needs through analysis of information about a user's actions, program state, and words. The intelligent user interface system monitors user interaction with a software application and applies probabilistic reasoning to sense that the user may need assistance in using a particular feature or to accomplish a specific task. The intelligent user interface also accepts a free-text query from the user asking for help and combines the inference analysis of user actions and program state with an inference analysis of the free-text query. The inference system accesses a rich, updatable user profile system to continually check for competencies and changes assistance that is given based on user competence.

5. 发明授权

US6021403A Intelligent user assistance facility 失效
标题翻译：智能用户帮助设施
公开(公告)号：US6021403A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-01
申请号：US684003
申请日：1996-07-19
申请人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
发明人： Eric Horvitz , John S. Breese , David E. Heckerman , Samuel D. Hobson , David O. Hovel , Adrian C. Klein , Jacobus A. Rommelse , Gregory L. Shaw
IPC分类号： G06F9/06 , B82B1/00 , G06F3/048 , G06F9/44 , G06N5/04 , G06F17/20
CPC分类号： G06N5/00 , G06F9/4446 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： An event composing and monitoring system that allows high-level events to be created from combinations of low-level events. An event specification tool, contained in the system, allows for rapidly developing a general event processor that creates high-level events from combinations of user actions. An event system, in combination with an inference system, monitors and infers, for various purposes, about several classes of events including: current program context; state of key data structures; user input sequences, including actions with a mouse-controlled cursor while interacting with a graphical user interface; words typed in free-text help queries; visual user information, such as gaze and gesture information; and user speech information. Additionally, an intelligent user interface is provided by constructing a reasoning model that computes probability of alternative user intentions, goals or information needs through analyzing information regarding program state, and that user's actions and free-text query words. Specifically, the interface monitors user interaction with a program and probabilistically reasons to sense that a user may need assistance in using a particular feature or to accomplish a specific task. This interface accepts a free-text help query from the user and combines the inference analysis of user actions and the program state with an inference analysis of the query. The inference system, using an updateable user profile, continually checks for user competencies and, based on such competencies, changes assistance that is offered.
摘要翻译：一个事件组合和监控系统，允许从低级别事件的组合创建高级别事件。包含在系统中的事件规范工具允许快速开发通用事件处理器，它通过用户操作的组合创建高级事件。事件系统与推理系统相结合，针对各种目的监视和推测几类事件，包括：当前程序环境; 关键数据结构状态; 用户输入序列，包括与图形用户界面交互时具有鼠标控制的光标的动作; 输入自由文本帮助查询的单词; 视觉用户信息，如凝视和姿态信息; 和用户语音信息。另外，通过构建推理模型来提供智能用户界面，该推理模型通过分析关于程序状态的信息以及该用户的动作和自由文本查询词来计算替代用户意图，目标或信息需求的概率。具体来说，接口监视用户与程序的交互，并且概率地认为用户可能需要协助使用特定特征或完成特定任务。该接口接受来自用户的自由文本帮助查询，并将用户操作的推理分析和程序状态与查询的推断分析相结合。推理系统使用可更新的用户配置文件，不断检查用户能力，并根据这些能力来更改提供的帮助。

6. 发明授权

US08024415B2 Priorities generation and management 有权
标题翻译：优先生成和管理
公开(公告)号：US08024415B2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-20
申请号：US10220550
申请日：2001-03-16
申请人： Eric I. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
发明人： Eric I. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F3/00
CPC分类号： H04L67/12 , G05B19/404 , H04L29/06 , H04L51/12 , H04L51/14 , H04L51/24
摘要： The present invention relates to a system (10, 200) and methodology (74) to enable a plurality of information associated with electronic messages, for example, to be automatically prioritized by a priorities system (12, 230) for transmittal to a user or system. The priorities system (12,230) can employ classifiers (20) that can be explicitly and/or implicitly trained to prioritize one or more received messages (14) according to a learned importance to the user. As an example, messages (14) can be classified as high, medium, low or other degrees of importance via a training set of examples (30) or types of messages having similar degrees of importance. A background monitor (34) can be provided to monitor a user's activities regarding message processing to further refine or tune the classifier (20) according to the user's personal decisions relating to message importance. Other priorities classifications can involve determinations relating to a loss associated with a time for delayed review or processing of the message.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种系统（10,200）和方法（74），其能够使与电子消息相关联的多个信息例如由优先权系统（12,230）自动优先排列以传送给用户或系统。优先级系统（12,230）可以使用可以被明确地和/或隐式训练的分类器（20），以根据对用户的学习重要性对一个或多个接收到的消息（14）进行优先级排序。作为示例，消息（14）可以经由示例（30）的训练集或具有相似重要度的消息的类型被分类为高，中，低或其他重要程度。可以提供背景监视器（34）以监视用户关于消息处理的活动，以根据用户关于消息重要性的个人决定来进一步细化或调整分类器（20）。其他优先级分类可以涉及与延迟审查或处理消息的时间相关的损失的确定。

7. 发明授权

US07457879B2 Notification platform architecture 有权
标题翻译：通知平台架构
公开(公告)号：US07457879B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11737247
申请日：2007-04-19
申请人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
发明人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06Q10/107
摘要： The present invention relates to a system and methodology to enable a variety of information associated with one or more notification sources to be directed to one or more notification sinks via a notification platform architecture. The architecture includes a context analyzer for determining a user's state such as location and attentional focus, wherein the user's state is employed by a notification manager to make decisions regarding what, when and how information generated by the notification sources should be forwarded to the notification sinks, for example. These decisions can include a cost benefit analysis wherein considerations are given as to whether the benefits of notifying the user are outweighed by the costs of disrupting the user. Decision-theoretic policies and/or somewhat less formal heuristic policies can be employed to enable the decision-making process within the notification manager.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种使得能够通过通知平台架构将与一个或多个通知源相关联的各种信息定向到一个或多个通知汇的系统和方法。该架构包括用于确定用户的状态（例如位置和注意焦点）的上下文分析器，其中，通知管理器使用用户的状态来做出关于通知源生成的信息何时以及如何被转发到通知汇的决定，例如。这些决定可以包括成本效益分析，其中考虑到通知用户的益处是否超过了中断用户的成本。可以采用决策理论政策和/或一些较不正式的启发式策略来使通知管理器内的决策过程成为可能。

8. 发明授权

US07249159B1 Notification platform architecture 有权
标题翻译：通知平台架构
公开(公告)号：US07249159B1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-24
申请号：US09596365
申请日：2000-06-17
申请人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Carl M. Kadie , Andrew W. Jacobs
发明人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Carl M. Kadie , Andrew W. Jacobs
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06Q10/00 , H04L51/14 , H04L67/306
摘要： An architecture for a notification platform is disclosed. In one embodiment, the architecture includes a user mechanism, one or more notification sources and sinks, and a notification manager. The user mechanism stores information regarding notification parameters of a user, such as the user's default notification preferences, and may also contain, access, and/or infer contextual information. Each notification source generates notifications intended for the user, while each notification sink can provide the notifications to the user. Notification sources and sinks provide information via standardized notification schema. The notification manager is designed to appropriately convey the notifications generated by the sources to the sinks, based on information provided by the user mechanism, and by the sources and sinks. As disclosed, the architecture is applicable to entities other users as well.
摘要翻译：公开了一种通知平台架构。在一个实施例中，该架构包括用户机制，一个或多个通知源和汇点以及通知管理器。用户机构存储关于用户的通知参数的信息，诸如用户的默认通知偏好，并且还可以包含，访问和/或推断上下文信息。每个通知源产生针对用户的通知，而每个通知接收器可以向用户提供通知。通知源和汇通过标准化通知模式提供信息。通知管理器被设计为基于由用户机制提供的信息以及源和汇来适当地传送由源产生的通知给汇。如所公开的，该架构也适用于其他用户的实体。

9. 发明授权

US06513026B1 Decision theoretic principles and policies for notification 有权
标题翻译：决策理论原则和通知政策
公开(公告)号：US06513026B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09596348
申请日：2000-06-17
申请人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Carl M. Kadie
发明人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Carl M. Kadie
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： H04L51/24 , G06Q10/107 , H04L12/1895 , H04L51/14 , H04L67/16 , H04L67/18 , H04L67/24 , H04L67/26 , H04L67/306 , H04L67/322 , H04L67/325 , H04L67/327 , H04L67/36 , H04L69/329 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： Performance of a decision-theoretic analysis to determine which notifications as can be received from notification sources should be conveyed to the user, and via which modes of which notification sinks, is disclosed. A value can be determined for each mode of each notification sink, equal to an expected value of information contained within the notification, minus an expected cost of disruption to convey the notification via each mode of each sink, minus an expected value of the user independently learning the information contained with the notification without notification, and minus an actual cost of conveying the notification via each mode of each sink. If this value is greater than a predetermined conveyance threshold for any mode of any sink, then the notification is conveyed via the mode of the sink having the highest such value.
摘要翻译：执行决策理论分析以确定可以从通知源接收哪些通知应该被传达给用户，并且通过哪个通知的方式被公开。可以为每个通知接收器的每个模式确定一个值，等于通知中包含的信息的预期值，减去预期的中断成本，以便通过每个接收器的每种模式传达通知，减去用户的预期值学习通知中包含的信息而不通知，减去通过每个接收器的每个模式传送通知的实际成本。如果该值大于任何接收器的任何模式的预定传送阈值，则通过具有最高此值的信宿的模式来传送该通知。

10. 发明授权

US07975015B2 Notification platform architecture 有权
标题翻译：通知平台架构
公开(公告)号：US07975015B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US11749508
申请日：2007-05-16
申请人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
发明人： Eric J. Horvitz , David O. Hovel , Andrew W. Jacobs , Carl M. Kadie
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06Q10/107
摘要： The present invention relates to a system and methodology to enable a variety of information associated with one or more notification sources to be directed to one or more notification sinks via a notification platform architecture. The architecture includes a context analyzer for determining a user's state such as location and attentional focus, wherein the user's state is employed by a notification manager to make decisions regarding what, when and how information generated by the notification sources should be forwarded to the notification sinks, for example. These decisions can include a cost benefit analysis wherein considerations are given as to whether the benefits of notifying the user are outweighed by the costs of disrupting the user. Decision-theoretic policies and/or somewhat less formal heuristic policies can be employed to enable the decision-making process within the notification manager.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种使得能够通过通知平台架构将与一个或多个通知源相关联的各种信息定向到一个或多个通知汇的系统和方法。该架构包括用于确定用户的状态（例如位置和注意焦点）的上下文分析器，其中，通知管理器使用用户的状态来做出关于通知源生成的信息何时以及如何被转发到通知汇的决定，例如。这些决定可以包括成本效益分析，其中考虑到通知用户的益处是否超过了中断用户的成本。可以采用决策理论政策和/或一些较不正式的启发式策略来使通知管理器内的决策过程成为可能。

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