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1. 发明授权

US4400052A Method for manufacturing birefringent integrated optics devices 失效
标题翻译：制造双折射集成光学器件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4400052A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US245628
申请日：1981-03-19
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness , Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness , Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G02B6/126 , G02B6/134 , G02B5/174
CPC分类号： G02B6/134 , G02B6/126
摘要： Method for adjusting the value of birefringence in predetermined sections of waveguides in integrated optics devices fabricated in optically anisotropic substrates such as monocrystalline LiNbO.sub.3 or LiTaO.sub.3. The inventive method comprises in combination methods for changing both refractive indices in a first volume of the substrate, such as, for instance, ion implantation or metal in-diffusion, thereby creating an optical waveguide for both TE and TM modes of radiation, and methods for further changing one of the indices in a second volume of the substrate, without proportionally changing the other index in the second volume, such as, for instance, Li out-diffusion or ion exchange. In a typical application, the first volume comprises waveguiding regions, including the section in which the birefringence is to be adjusted, and the second volume also includes that waveguide section. The inventive methods are advantageously employed in the manufacture of integrated optics devices whose operating characteristics depend on the value of birefringence of a section of waveguide, for instance, a mode converter/wavelength filter, or a polarization separator.
摘要翻译：在诸如单晶LiNbO 3或LiTaO 3的光学各向异性基底中制造的集成光学器件中调整波导的预定部分中的双折射值的方法。本发明的方法包括用于改变衬底的第一体积（例如离子注入或金属内扩散）中的折射率的组合方法，由此产生用于TE和TM辐射模式的光波导，以及方法用于进一步改变基片的第二体积中的一个指数，而不成比例地改变第二体积中的其它指数，例如Li扩散或离子交换。在典型的应用中，第一体积包括波导区域，包括其中将要调节双折射的部分，第二体积还包括该波导部分。本发明的方法有利地用于制造其工作特性取决于波导部分（例如，模式转换器/波长滤波器或偏振分离器）的双折射值的集成光学器件。

2. 发明授权

US4439265A Fabrication method for LiNbO.sub.3 and LiTaO.sub.3 integrated optics devices 失效
标题翻译： LiNbO3和LiTaO3集成光学器件的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4439265A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-27
申请号：US284472
申请日：1981-07-17
申请人： Rodney C. Alferness , Lawrence L. Buhl , Janet L. Jackel , Susan P. Lyman , Vellayan Ramaswamy
发明人： Rodney C. Alferness , Lawrence L. Buhl , Janet L. Jackel , Susan P. Lyman , Vellayan Ramaswamy
IPC分类号： C30B31/02 , C30B31/06
CPC分类号： C30B31/02 , C30B29/30
摘要： A simple, inexpensive, and reliable technique for substantially preventing the unwanted formation of a surface guiding layer during manufacture of light-guiding structures in LiNbO.sub.3 and LiTaO.sub.3 substrates is disclosed. The technique involves addition of an effective amount of a gaseous hydrogen donor to the processing atmosphere during high-temperature processing. A particularly convenient hydrogen donor is water vapor, which can be added to the atmosphere by, for instance, bubbling of the feed gas through a water column. A partial pressure of more than about 9 Torr of H.sub.2 O has been found effective in the practice of the technique.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在LiNbO 3和LiTaO 3衬底中制造导光结构期间基本上防止表面引导层不想要的形成的简单，便宜且可靠的技术。该技术涉及在高温处理期间向处理气氛中加入有效量的气态氢供体。特别方便的氢供体是水蒸气，其可以通过例如将进料气体鼓泡通过水柱而添加到大气中。已经发现超过约9托的H 2 O的分压在该技术的实践中是有效的。

3. 发明授权

US5455877A Multi-channel wavelength-routing switch using acousto-optic polarization converters 失效
标题翻译：使用声光偏振转换器的多通道波长路由开关
公开(公告)号：US5455877A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US330040
申请日：1994-10-27
申请人： Jane E. Baran , Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Jane E. Baran , Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/125 , G02F1/11
CPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02F1/125 , G02F2001/0142
摘要： Acousto-optic polarization converters can be used as the primary optical components in a multi-channel wavelength-routing switch (101). Switching efficiency is decreased and the polarization converted wavelength channels are shifted towards each other, however, when closely neighboring channels are selected simultaneously. This degradation has serious consequences for many applications of the acousto-optic polarization converter. By applying counterpropagating acoustic waves from opposite ends of a converter (400) and using an acoustic absorber (417) to separate the left and right sides of the converter at a defined coupler crossover length, L.sub.x, this deleterious degradation is substantially reduced. Specifically, by separating the primary acousto-optic interaction regions for the right propagating acoustic waves and the optical signal which polarization is to be converted, from the primary acousto-optic interaction regions for the left propagating acoustic waves and that same optical signal, so that adjacent closely neighboring wavelength channels are converted in opposite sides of the converter, channel shifting is reduced. Further, by using a partial absorber at the crossover length, L.sub.x, to separate the left and right converter sides, a flattened passband is created which decreases the consequences of any residual channel shifting.
摘要翻译：声光偏振转换器可以用作多通道波长路由交换机（101）中的主要光学部件。开关效率降低，极化转换波长通道彼此偏移，然而，当同时选择紧密相邻的通道时。这种退化对于声光偏振转换器的许多应用具有严重的后果。通过从转换器（400）的相对端应用反向传播的声波并使用吸声器（417）以确定的耦合器交叉长度L x分离转换器的左侧和右侧，这种有害的劣化显着降低。具体地说，通过将用于右传播声波的主要声光相互作用区域和要转换的偏振光学信号从用于左传播声波的主声 - 光相互作用区域和相同的光信号分开，使得相邻的相邻的波长通道在转换器的相对侧被转换，信道移位减小。此外，通过使用交叉长度L x的部分吸收器来分离左右转换器侧，产生扁平通带，其减少任何残余信道移位的后果。

4. 发明授权

US06207949B1 Method and apparatus for stabilizing attenuators in optical networks 有权
标题翻译：用于稳定光网络衰减器的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06207949B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09437838
申请日：1999-11-10
申请人： Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： H04B10/296 , G02B6/266
摘要： A methodology and concomitant circuitry wherein an optical attenuator, having a range of settings including a minimum attenuation, is set to a pre-selected value less than the minimum attenuation whenever a loss of incoming signal power is detected in an optical path coupled to the attenuator.
摘要翻译：每当在耦合到衰减器的光路中检测到输入信号功率的损失时，其中具有包括最小衰减的设置范围的光衰减器被设置为小于最小衰减的预选值的方法和伴随电路。

5. 发明授权

US06175436B1 Automatic feedback gain control for multiple channels in a doped optical fiber amplifier 失效
标题翻译：掺杂光纤放大器中多通道的自动反馈增益控制
公开(公告)号：US06175436B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-16
申请号：US08688588
申请日：1996-07-30
申请人： Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： H04B1017
CPC分类号： H04B10/296 , H01S3/1302 , H04B10/2912
摘要： An apparatus and method for controlling the gain in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) incorporated into a multi-wavelength communication system so as to amplify each of the wavelength signals. The amplifier operates near to saturation so that, if one or more of the multi-wavelength signals is removed from the transmission, the remaining channels are increasingly amplified, leading to problems with other components in the system which depend upon intensity. According to the invention, an optical signal at a wavelength that is not within any of the transmission channels is selectively fed back around the amplifier and caused to lase in a wavelength-filtered ring-laser configuration. The lasing signal governs the saturation of the amplifier such that any gain shed by a disappearing data signal is predominately used by the lasing signal, not by the remaining data signals. Thereby, the data signals do not experience gain variations dependent upon the number of data signals being amplified. In a chain of amplifiers on a long link, the wavelength of the lasing signal is chosen to lie within the gain flat band of the amplifier and is output from the equalized amplifier with the same efficiency as all the transmission signals to be received by the next amplifier. Thereby, only the first amplifier needs to be equalized.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制掺入多波长通信系统中的掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）中的增益以便放大每个波长信号的装置和方法。放大器工作在接近于饱和状态，因此如果从传输中去除一个或多个多波长信号，则剩余的信道被越来越多地放大，导致系统中依赖于强度的其他组件的问题。根据本发明，不在任何传输通道内的波长处的光信号被选择性地反馈到放大器周围，并且使其以波长滤波的环形激光器配置变化。激光信号控制放大器的饱和度，使得由消失数据信号所消除的任何增益主要由激光信号而不是剩余的数据信号使用。因此，数据信号不依赖于被放大的数据信号的数量而经历增益变化。在长链路上的放大器链中，激光信号的波长被选择在放大器的增益平坦频带内，并且从均衡放大器以与所有待发射的所有传输信号相同的效率输出放大器因此，仅需要使第一放大器相等。

6. 发明授权

US4709978A Mach-Zehnder integrated optical modulator 失效
标题翻译： Mach-Zehnder集成光调制器
公开(公告)号：US4709978A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-01
申请号：US831607
申请日：1986-02-21
申请人： Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02B6/10 , G02F1/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02F2201/126 , G02F2203/20
摘要： A Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator includes on a Z-cut crystal substrate of LiNbO.sub.3 an input waveguide section (302), an input branching section (303) for dividing an optical signal on the input waveguide into two substantially equal portions, first and second branch waveguides (304, 305) each having an electrode associated therewith (309, 308), an output branching section (306) for recombining the light from each branch waveguide into a single optical signal on an output waveguide section (307). The two branch waveguides are spaced close enough to maximize the field overlap between the applied electrical field and the optical field in the waveguides but are optically decoupled to prevent cross-coupling of light between the branches. This decoupling is achieved by using structures which change the propagation constant of one of the branches with respect to the other along the modulation length.
摘要翻译：马赫曾德尔干涉式调制器包括在LiNbO 3的Z切割晶体基板上的输入波导部分（302），用于将输入波导上的光信号分成两个基本相等的部分的输入分支部分（303），第一和第二分支每个具有与其相关联的电极（309,308）的波导（304,305），用于将来自每个分支波导的光重新组合到输出波导部分（307）上的单个光信号的输出分支部分（306）。两个分支波导间隔得足够近，以使所施加的电场和波导中的光场之间的场重叠最大化，但是光学去耦合以防止光在分支之间的交叉耦合。通过使用沿着调制长度改变一个分支相对于另一分支的传播常数的结构来实现该解耦。

7. 发明授权

US5446807A Passband-flattened acousto-optic polarization converter 失效
标题翻译：通带平坦声光偏振转换器
公开(公告)号：US5446807A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US264673
申请日：1994-06-23
申请人： Jane E. Baran , Antonio d'Alessandro , Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Jane E. Baran , Antonio d'Alessandro , Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G02B6/126 , G02F1/125 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02F1/125 , G02B6/126
摘要： A passband-flattened acousto-optic polarization converter (100) in which two acoustic waveguides (14, 20) are formed in a substrate and a separated by a small gap (18) such that the two acoustic waveguides act as a directional coupler in which acoustic power is transferred back and forth. An interdigitated transducer (12) launches a surface acoustic wave in the first acoustic waveguide, and an optical waveguide is formed in the middle of the second waveguide. A partial acoustic absorber (27) is formed over both acoustic waveguides at a crossover length at a distance from the transducer equal to the point at which the acoustic wave has transferred from the first to the second waveguides and back again. The partial absorber absorbs most of the acoustic amplitude with the attenuated acoustic amplitude being coupled back again to the second acoustic waveguide but at an opposite sign. A complete absorber (26) is formed over both acoustic waveguides at a distance from the transducer equal to approximately twice the crossover length such that the attenuated acoustic wave following the partial absorber and transferred to the second acoustic waveguide again transfers back to the first acoustic waveguide. The optical signal is exposed to an acoustic signal that increases to a maximum, decreases and then increases and decreases again with a smaller magnitude and reversed sign. The resultant frequency response has a significantly flattened shape for improved performance of the converter for use as a an optical switch or filter.
摘要翻译：一种通带平坦声光偏振转换器（100），其中两个声波导（14,20）形成在衬底中并由小间隙（18）分开，使得两个声波导作为定向耦合器，其中声功率来回传递。交叉换能器（12）在第一声波导中发射表面声波，并且在第二波导的中间形成光波导。在两个声波导上形成有一部分声波吸收体（27），该距离与换能器相距一定距离处的交叉长度等于声波从第一波导传输到第二波导的位置。部分吸收体吸收大部分声振幅，衰减的声振幅再次耦合回第二声波导，但是以相反的符号。在距离换能器一定距离处的两个声波导上形成完整的吸收体（26）等于交叉长度的大约两倍，使得跟随部分吸收体并传递到第二声波导的衰减声波再次传回到第一声波导。光信号暴露于增加到最大值的声信号，然后以较小的幅度和反向符号再次增加和减小。所得到的频率响应具有显着平坦的形状，用于改进用作光学开关或滤波器的转换器的性能。

8. 发明授权

US4988157A Optical switch using bubbles 失效
标题翻译：光开关采用气泡
公开(公告)号：US4988157A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-29
申请号：US490362
申请日：1990-03-08
申请人： Janet L. Jackel , Walter J. Tomlinson, III
发明人： Janet L. Jackel , Walter J. Tomlinson, III
IPC分类号： G02B6/35 , G02B26/02 , G02F1/313
CPC分类号： G02B26/004 , G02B6/3538 , G02F1/313 , G02B6/3522 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/358
摘要： An optical switch, particularly useful as a bistable cross-connect matrix. Parallel input waveguides and parallel output waveguides are formed on a substrate at perpendicular angles so as to intersect. A 45.degree. slot is formed across each intersection and is filled with a fluid having a refractive index matching the waveguide material. Electrodes are positioned adjacent the slots and are selectively activated to electrolytically convert the fluid to gaseous bubbles, thereby destroying the index matching across the slot and causing light to be reflected by the slot rather than propagating across the slot. In the presence of a catalyst, a pulse of opposite polarity or of sufficient size and of the same polarity will destroy the bubble.
摘要翻译：光开关，特别适用于双稳态交叉连接矩阵。平行输入波导和平行输出波导以垂直的角度形成在基板上以便相交。在每个交叉点上形成45°的槽，并且填充有与波导材料相匹配的折射率的流体。电极定位在狭缝附近，并且被选择性地激活以将流体电解转化为气泡，从而破坏跨越狭缝的折射率匹配并且导致光被狭缝反射而不是穿过狭槽传播。在存在催化剂的情况下，具有相反极性或足够大小并具有相同极性的脉冲会破坏气泡。

9. 依法登记的发明

USH65H Dynamic optical sensing: Robotic system and manufacturing method utilizing same 失效
公开(公告)号：USH65H
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US498881
申请日：1983-05-27
申请人： Gerard Beni , Susan Hackwood , Lawrence A. Hornak , Janet L. Jackel
发明人： Gerard Beni , Susan Hackwood , Lawrence A. Hornak , Janet L. Jackel
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , B25J13/08 , B25J15/08 , B25J19/02 , B25J19/04 , G01B11/02
CPC分类号： B25J13/082 , B25J19/021
摘要： Two opposing fingers of a robot hand are each provided with an array of optical devices which are capable of being in optical communication with one another through the gap between the fingers. One finger is provided with an array of light emitters and the other is provided with an array of light recepetors. By taking advantage of the motion of the robot hand and the small size of the optical devices, the shape of an object between the fingers can be detected by using at least one linear set, and preferably at least two linear sets, of devices in each array. Illustratively, the linear sets form a T-shaped array or a U-shaped array and are disposed along the edges of the fingers. In one embodiment the emitters are GRIN rod lenses coupled through a fiber cable to a light source, and the receptors are also GRIN rod lenses coupled through a fiber cable to a camera system. A manufacturing method utilizing such a sensor to identify the shape of objects is also described.

10. 发明授权

US4834480A Composite channel waveguides 失效
标题翻译：复合通道波导
公开(公告)号：US4834480A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-30
申请号：US184286
申请日：1988-04-21
申请人： Gregory L. Baker , Janet L. Jackel , Nicholas E. Schlotter
发明人： Gregory L. Baker , Janet L. Jackel , Nicholas E. Schlotter
IPC分类号： G02F1/065
CPC分类号： G02F1/065
摘要： A channel waveguide structure comprises a substrate, a channel pattern defined in the substrate adjacent the top surface of the substrate, and a planar film layer on top substrate. The channel pattern comprises channels having a high index of refraction, while the film layer is made from a nonlinear organic material. In a preferred embodiment, the substrate is glass and the channel pattern comprises ion-exchanged channels. In this preferred embodiment, the nonlinear organic material is a soluble polydiacetylene, such as poly(3BCMU), poly(4BCMU), or poly(TS12). The thicknesses of the ion-exchanged channels and of the film layer can be adjusted so that the channel waveguide structure functions as a single mode waveguide for light having a wavelength in the range of 1.3 to 1.67 microns.
摘要翻译：通道波导结构包括基板，限定在基板中的与基板的顶表面相邻的沟道图案，以及在顶部基板上的平面薄膜层。通道图案包括具有高折射率的通道，而膜层由非线性有机材料制成。在优选实施例中，衬底是玻璃，并且沟道图案包括离子交换的通道。在该优选实施方案中，非线性有机材料是可溶性聚二乙炔，例如聚（3BCMU），聚（4BCMU）或聚（TS12）。可以调节离子交换通道和膜层的厚度，使得通道波导结构用作波长在1.3至1.67微米范围内的光的单模波导。

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