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1. 发明授权

US09112212B1 Forming multilayered solid electrolyte interphase structures on high capacity electrodes 有权
标题翻译：在高容量电极上形成多层固体电解质相间结构
公开(公告)号：US09112212B1
公开(公告)日：2015-08-18
申请号：US13281252
申请日：2011-10-25
申请人： Rainer J Fasching , Gregory Alan Roberts , Yi Cui , Song Han
发明人： Rainer J Fasching , Gregory Alan Roberts , Yi Cui , Song Han
IPC分类号： H01M4/134 , H01M4/02
CPC分类号： H01M4/134 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/366 , H01M2004/021
摘要： Provided are novel methods of fabricating electrochemical cells containing high capacity active materials that form multilayered solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) structures on the active material surface during cell fabrication. Combining multiple different SEI layers on one surface can substantially improve cell performance by providing each layer with different properties. For example, an outer layer having a high electronic resistance may be combined with an inner layer having a high ionic permeability. To form such multilayered SEI structures, formation may involve changing electrolyte composition, functionalizing surfaces, and/or varying formation conditions. For example, formation may start with a boron containing electrolyte. This initial electrolyte is then replaced with an electrolyte that does not contain boron and instead may contain fluorine additives. In certain embodiments, cell's temperature is changed during formation to initiate different chemical reactions during SEI formation. Variations in multilayered SEI structures may be also achieved by varying current rates.
摘要翻译：提供了在电池制造期间在活性材料表面上形成含有高容量活性材料的电化学电池的新颖方法，其在活性材料表面上形成多层固体电解质间相（SEI）结构。在一个表面上组合多个不同的SEI层可以通过提供每个层具有不同的性质来显着改善电池的性能。例如，具有高电子电阻的外层可以与具有高离子渗透性的内层组合。为了形成这种多层SEI结构，形成可能涉及改变电解质组成，官能化表面和/或变化的形成条件。例如，可以用含硼电解质开始形成。然后用不含硼的电解质替代该初始电解质，并且可以含有氟添加剂。在某些实施方案中，细胞的温度在形成过程中改变，以在SEI形成过程中引发不同的化学反应。多层SEI结构的变化也可以通过改变当前速率来实现。

2. 发明申请

US20120045670A1 AUXILIARY ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS CONTAINING HIGH CAPACITY ACTIVE MATERIALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于含有高容量活性材料的电化学电池的辅助电极
公开(公告)号：US20120045670A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-23
申请号：US13245530
申请日：2011-09-26
申请人： Constantin I. Stefan , Rainer J. Fasching , Gregory Alan Roberts , Ryan Kottenstette , Song Han , Ghyrn E. Loveness
发明人： Constantin I. Stefan , Rainer J. Fasching , Gregory Alan Roberts , Ryan Kottenstette , Song Han , Ghyrn E. Loveness
IPC分类号： H01M10/48 , H01M10/00 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： H01M4/0438 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/1395 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/70 , H01M4/75 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0585 , H01M10/0587 , H01M2004/021 , H01M2004/025 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： Provided are novel electrochemical cells that include positive electrodes, negative electrodes containing high capacity active materials such as silicon, and auxiliary electrodes containing lithium. An auxiliary electrode is provided in the cell at least prior to its formation cycling and is used to supply lithium to the negative electrode. The auxiliary electrode may be then removed from the cell prior or after formation. The transfer of lithium to the negative electrode may be performed using a different electrolyte, a higher temperature, and/or a slower rate than during later operational cycling of the cell. After this transfer, the negative electrode may remain pre-lithiated during later cycling at least at a certain predetermined level. This pre-lithiation helps to cycle the cell at more optimal conditions and to some degree maintain this cycling performance over the operating life of the cell. Also provided are methods of fabricating such cells.
摘要翻译：提供了新颖的电化学电池，其包括正电极，含有高容量活性材料如硅的负电极和含锂的辅助电极。至少在其形成循环之前，在电池中提供辅助电极，并且用于向负极供应锂。然后可以在形成之前或之后从辅助电极中除去辅助电极。可以使用与电池的后续操作循环期间不同的电解质，更高的温度和/或更慢的速率来进行锂向负极的转移。在该转移之后，负电极可以在稍后循环期间至少保持预先确定的水平保持预锂化。该预锂化有助于在更优化的条件下循环电池，并在一定程度上保持电池的使用寿命中的循环性能。还提供了制造这种电池的方法。

3. 发明申请

US20110171502A1 VARIABLE CAPACITY CELL ASSEMBLY 审中-公开
标题翻译：可变容量电池组件
公开(公告)号：US20110171502A1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-14
申请号：US13004737
申请日：2011-01-11
申请人： Ryan J. Kottenstette , Eugene Berdichevsky , Constantin I. Stefan , Gregory Alan Roberts , Song Han , Yi Cui
发明人： Ryan J. Kottenstette , Eugene Berdichevsky , Constantin I. Stefan , Gregory Alan Roberts , Song Han , Yi Cui
IPC分类号： H01M10/42 , H01M10/04 , H01M10/26 , H02J7/04
CPC分类号： H01M4/505 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/362 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/525 , H01M10/049 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/446 , H01M2004/021 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： Electrochemical cells containing nanostructured negative active materials and composite positive active materials and methods of fabricating such electrochemical cells are provided. Positive active materials may have inactive components and active components. Inactive components may be activated and release additional lithium ions, which may offset some irreversible capacity losses in the electrochemical cells. In certain embodiments, the activation releases lithium ion having a columbic content of at least about 400 mAh/g based on the weight of the activated material.
摘要翻译：提供含有纳米结构负极活性材料和复合正极活性材料的电化学电池以及制造这种电化学电池的方法。正活性材料可以具有非活性组分和活性组分。非活性组分可以被活化并释放额外的锂离子，这可以抵消电化学电池中的一些不可逆的容量损失。在某些实施方案中，基于活化材料的重量，活化释放具有至少约400mAh / g的骨架含量的锂离子。

4. 发明授权

US09142864B2 Electrolytes for rechargeable batteries 有权
标题翻译：可充电电池用电解液
公开(公告)号：US09142864B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-22
申请号：US13296753
申请日：2011-11-15
申请人： Gregory Alan Roberts , Rainer J Fasching , Constantin I Stefan
发明人： Gregory Alan Roberts , Rainer J Fasching , Constantin I Stefan
IPC分类号： H01M4/36 , H01M4/38 , H01M10/0569 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/48 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0568
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/0428 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/483 , H01M4/75 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0568 , H01M2300/0034 , H01M2300/0037 , Y02E60/122
摘要： Provided are novel electrolytes for use in rechargeable lithium ion cells containing high capacity active materials, such as silicon, germanium, tin, and/or aluminum. These novel electrolytes include one or more pyrocarbonates and, in certain embodiments, one or more fluorinated carbonates. For example, dimethyl pyrocarbonate (DMPC) may be combine with mono-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Alternatively, DMPC or other pyrocarbonates may be used without any fluorinated carbonates. A weight ratio of pyrocarbonates may be between about 0% and 50%, for example, about 10%. Pyrocarbonates may be combined with other solvents, such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and/or ethyl-methyl carbonate (EMC). Alternatively, pyrocarbonates may be used without such solvents. Experimental results conducted using electrochemical cells with silicon based electrodes demonstrated substantial improvements in cycle life when pyrocarbonate containing electrolytes were used in comparison with pyrocarbonate free electrolytes.
摘要翻译：提供了用于可再充电锂离子电池的新型电解质，其包含高容量活性材料，例如硅，锗，锡和/或铝。这些新型电解质包括一种或多种热解碳酸盐，并且在某些实施方案中包括一种或多种氟化碳酸盐。例如，焦碳酸二甲酯（DMPC）可以与单氟代碳酸亚乙酯（FEC）组合。或者，可以使用DMPC或其它焦碳酸酯而没有任何氟化碳酸酯。焦碳酸酯的重量比可以在约0％至50％之间，例如约10％。焦碳酸酯可以与其它溶剂如碳酸亚乙酯（EC），碳酸亚丙酯（PC），碳酸二甲酯（DMC），碳酸二乙酯（DEC）和/或碳酸甲乙酯（EMC）等组合。或者，可以使用焦碳酸酯而不使用这些溶剂。使用具有硅基电极的电化学电池进行的实验结果表明，当使用含焦碳酸盐的电解质与无焦碳酸盐电解质相比时，循环寿命显着改善。

5. 发明申请

US20120121989A1 ELECTROLYTES FOR RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES 有权
标题翻译：电解电容器可充电电池
公开(公告)号：US20120121989A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-17
申请号：US13296753
申请日：2011-11-15
申请人： Gregory Alan Roberts , Rainer J. Fasching , Constantin I. Stefan
发明人： Gregory Alan Roberts , Rainer J. Fasching , Constantin I. Stefan
IPC分类号： H01M10/056
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/0428 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/483 , H01M4/75 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0568 , H01M2300/0034 , H01M2300/0037 , Y02E60/122
摘要： Provided are novel electrolytes for use in rechargeable lithium ion cells containing high capacity active materials, such as silicon, germanium, tin, and/or aluminum. These novel electrolytes include one or more pyrocarbonates and, in certain embodiments, one or more fluorinated carbonates. For example, dimethyl pyrocarbonate (DMPC) may be combine with mono-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). Alternatively, DMPC or other pyrocarbonates may be used without any fluorinated carbonates. A weight ratio of pyrocarbonates may be between about 0% and 50%, for example, about 10%. Pyrocarbonates may be combined with other solvents, such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and/or ethyl-methyl carbonate (EMC). Alternatively, pyrocarbonates may be used without such solvents. Experimental results conducted using electrochemical cells with silicon based electrodes demonstrated substantial improvements in cycle life when pyrocarbonate containing electrolytes were used in comparison with pyrocarbonate free electrolytes.
摘要翻译：提供了用于可再充电锂离子电池的新型电解质，其包含高容量活性材料，例如硅，锗，锡和/或铝。这些新型电解质包括一种或多种热解碳酸盐，并且在某些实施方案中包括一种或多种氟化碳酸盐。例如，焦碳酸二甲酯（DMPC）可以与单氟代碳酸亚乙酯（FEC）组合。或者，可以使用DMPC或其它焦碳酸酯而没有任何氟化碳酸酯。焦碳酸酯的重量比可以在约0％至50％之间，例如约10％。焦碳酸酯可以与其它溶剂如碳酸亚乙酯（EC），碳酸亚丙酯（PC），碳酸二甲酯（DMC），碳酸二乙酯（DEC）和/或碳酸甲乙酯（EMC）等组合。或者，可以使用焦碳酸酯而不使用这些溶剂。使用具有硅基电极的电化学电池进行的实验结果表明，当使用含焦碳酸盐的电解质与无焦碳酸盐电解质相比时，循环寿命显着改善。

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