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1. 发明授权

US07282139B2 Optimization of gas-to-liquids hydrocracker 有权
标题翻译：气 - 液加氢裂化器的优化
公开(公告)号：US07282139B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-16
申请号：US10886249
申请日：2004-07-07
申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Keith H. Lawson , Jianping Zhang
发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Keith H. Lawson , Jianping Zhang
IPC分类号： C10G47/00
CPC分类号： C10G47/36 , Y10S208/95
摘要： A method for optimal production of synthetic diesel and naphtha from a hydrocracker includes hydrocracking a synthetic heavy hydrocarbon feed comprising an α value so as to form a diesel and a naphtha; selecting a desired diesel-to-naphtha ratio; calculating, based on the feed α and the desired diesel-to-naphtha ratio, a target molar ratio of hydrocarbons exiting to hydrocarbons entering the hydrocracker; and adjusting at least one hydrocracking conversion promoting condition so as to achieve said target molar ratio. The present invention further relates to a method for adjusting the overall production of a syngas-to-synthetic hydrocarbons plant in response to market conditions, comprising adjusting at least one hydrocracking conversion promoting condition and/or at least one conversion promoting condition within a Fischer-Tropsch reactor so as to maintain the overall diesel-to-naphtha ratio or to maintain a diesel production rate within a predetermined range of a desired value.
摘要翻译：从加氢裂化器最佳生产合成柴油和石脑油的方法包括加氢裂解包含α值的合成重质烃进料，以形成柴油和石脑油; 选择所需的柴油与石脑油比; 基于进料α和所需柴油与石脑油比计算出离开进入加氢裂化器的烃的烃的目标摩尔比; 并调节至少一种加氢裂化转化促进条件以达到所述目标摩尔比。本发明还涉及一种用于响应于市场条件来调节合成气合成烃装置的总体生产的方法，其包括调节至少一种加氢裂化转化促进条件和/或至少一种转化促进条件在费 - 以保持整体柴油与石脑油的比例，或将柴油生产率保持在所需值的预定范围内。

2. 发明授权

US07135152B2 Conjoined reactor system 失效
标题翻译：连接反应器系统
公开(公告)号：US07135152B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-14
申请号：US10842171
申请日：2004-05-10
申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang , Sergio R. Mohedas , James D. Ortega, Jr.
发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang , Sergio R. Mohedas , James D. Ortega, Jr.
IPC分类号： B01J8/08 , C07C1/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/342 , B01J8/1809 , B01J8/228 , B01J2208/00548
摘要： A gas-agitated multiphase reactor system with multiple reaction zones comprising gas-liquid or gas-liquid-solid mixtures that can maximize the production rate while allowing better control of the temperature distribution and better control of the liquid and solid phases in the reactors. Still more particularly, this invention relates to a method for operating a pair of linked gas-agitated slurry reaction zones such that the hydrodynamic behavior and reactor performance of such reactor system are improved compared to that of a conventional slurry bed reactor
摘要翻译：具有多个反应区域的气体搅拌多相反应器系统，其包括气液或气 - 液 - 固 - 固混合物，其可以最大化生产速率，同时更好地控制温度分布并更好地控制反应器中的液相和固相。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种用于操作一对连接的气体搅拌浆料反应区的方法，使得与常规淤浆床反应器相比，这种反应器系统的流体动力学行为和反应器性能得到改善

3. 发明授权

US07183327B2 Optimized particle distribution for slurry bubble column reactors 失效
标题翻译：用于浆液鼓泡塔反应器的优化的颗粒分布
公开(公告)号：US07183327B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-27
申请号：US10803319
申请日：2004-03-18
申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Oluwaseyi A. Odueyungbo , Jianping Zhang , Sergio R. Mohedas
发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Oluwaseyi A. Odueyungbo , Jianping Zhang , Sergio R. Mohedas
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/33 , B01J8/22 , B01J2208/00672 , B01J2208/00725 , C10G2/342
摘要： A method for selecting maximum and minimum catalyst particle sizes for use in a multiphase reactor that reflects optimum operating conditions of the reactor is based on a maximum Archimedes number for estimating the maximum particle size and a property of a separation system linked to the reactor to determine the minimum particle size. The maximum Archimedes number could be selected based on a maximum catalyst non-uniformity in the reactor. Additionally, a method for producing hydrocarbons from syngas in a slurry bubble column reactor comprises the use of a plurality of fresh catalyst particles with an optimum size distribution based on a range of Archimedes numbers between about 0.02 and 250 or alternatively based on an average Reynolds number less than about 0.1.
摘要翻译：用于选择反映反应器的最佳操作条件的多相反应器中使用的最大和最小催化剂粒度的方法基于用于估计最大粒径的最大阿基米德数和连接到反应器的分离系统的性质来确定最小粒径。可以基于反应器中最大催化剂不均匀性来选择最大阿基米德数。另外，在浆液鼓泡塔反应器中从合成气生产烃的方法包括使用多个新型催化剂颗粒，其具有基于约0.02至250的阿基米德数范围内的最佳尺寸分布，或者基于平均雷诺数小于约0.1。

4. 发明授权

US07232848B2 Gas agitated multiphase reactor with stationary catalyst solid phase 有权
标题翻译：具有固定催化剂固相的气体搅拌多相反应器
公开(公告)号：US07232848B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US10238008
申请日：2002-09-09
申请人： Sergio R. Mohedas , Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang
发明人： Sergio R. Mohedas , Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang
IPC分类号： C07C27/26 , B01J8/04
CPC分类号： C10G2/341 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/067 , B01J10/007 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00194 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00814 , B01J2208/00884 , B01J2219/00081 , C07C27/22
摘要： An apparatus for converting a gaseous and/or liquid feed fluid to gaseous and/or liquid products using a solid catalyst comprises a reactor, a liquid phase disposed within the reactor volume, a fixed catalyst at least partially disposed in the liquid phase, a cooling system having a cooling element in thermal contact with the liquid phase, a feed inlet positioned to feed the feed fluid into the reactor volume, and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the liquid phase. The catalyst is contained in a catalyst container and the container may be adjacent to said cooling element, extend through said cooling element, or may surround the catalyst container. The catalyst may be a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst.
摘要翻译：使用固体催化剂将气体和/或液体进料流体转化为气体和/或液体产物的装置包括反应器，设置在反应器体积内的液相，至少部分地设置在液相中的固定催化剂，冷却系统，其具有与液相热接触的冷却元件，定位成将进料流体进料到反应器体积中的进料口和与液相流体连通的流体出口。催化剂包含在催化剂容器中，并且容器可以与所述冷却元件相邻，延伸穿过所述冷却元件，或可围绕催化剂容器。催化剂可以是费 - 托催化剂。

5. 发明授权

US07019038B2 Recycle of low boiling point products to a Fischer-Tropsch reactor 有权
标题翻译：低沸点产物回收到费 - 托反应器
公开(公告)号：US07019038B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-28
申请号：US10446263
申请日：2003-05-23
申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Harold A. Wright , Jianping Zhang
发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Harold A. Wright , Jianping Zhang
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/32
摘要： Methods for reducing the average molecular weight of liquid hydrocarbons in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor are disclosed. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are characterized by feeding a hydrocarbon stream, which lowers the average molecular weight of the hydrocarbon liquids inside the reactor, and more preferably by recycling a portion of low-molecular weight hydrocarbon products back into the reactor. Lowering the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon liquids inside the reactor increases the mass transfer and solubility, and diffusivity of the reactants in the hydrocarbons present in the slurry.
摘要翻译：公开了用于降低费 - 托反应器中液体烃的平均分子量的方法。本发明的优选实施方案的特征在于进料烃流，其降低反应器内的烃液体的平均分子量，更优选通过将一部分低分子量烃产物再循环回反应器。降低反应器内的烃液体的分子量增加了浆料中存在的烃中的反应物的传质和溶解度以及扩散系数。

6. 发明授权

US06914082B2 Slurry bubble reactor operated in well-mixed gas flow regime 失效
标题翻译：泥浆气泡反应器在良好混合气体流动状态下运行
公开(公告)号：US06914082B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US10023258
申请日：2001-12-14
申请人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Sergio Mohedas
发明人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Sergio Mohedas
IPC分类号： C07C1/04 , C07C27/00 , C07C27/06 , C10G2/00 , F25J20060101
CPC分类号： C10G2/342
摘要： A gas-agitated multiphase reactor system for the synthesis of hydrocarbons gives high catalyst productivity and reactor capacity. The system includes operating a multi-phase reactor in the well-mixed gas flow regime, with a Peclet number less than 0.175 and a single pass conversion ranging from 35% to 75%, wherein the inlet superficial gas velocity decreases with the decreasing of the reactor aspect ratio, and is preferably at least 20 cm/sec.
摘要翻译：用于合成烃的气体搅拌多相反应器系统提供高催化剂生产率和反应器容量。该系统包括在充分混合的气体流动状态下操作多相反应器，佩佩特数小于0.175，单程转化率为35％至75％，其中入口表观气体速度随着反应器纵横比，优选为20cm /秒以上。

7. 发明授权

US06809122B2 Method for reducing the maximum water concentration in a multi-phase column reactor 失效
标题翻译：减少多相柱反应器中最大水浓度的方法
公开(公告)号：US06809122B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-26
申请号：US10193357
申请日：2002-07-11
申请人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Sergio R. Mohedas , Beatrice C. Ortego
发明人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Sergio R. Mohedas , Beatrice C. Ortego
IPC分类号： C07C2700
CPC分类号： C10G2/342 , B01F13/0255 , B01J8/22
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for reducing the maximum water concentration in multi-phase reactors operating at Fischer-Tropsch conditions. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method of reducing the maximum concentration of water in a multi-phase reactor containing an expanded slurry bed and a water-rich slurry region for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis includes changing the flow structure of a predetermined region in the reactor. The flow structure may be changed by introducing a mixing enhancing fluid into the predetermined region, installing baffles into the predetermined region, or by other methods known in the art. Preferably the predetermined region is located between ½ H and H and between ½ R and R, where H is the height of the expanded slurry bed and R is the radius of the reactor.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于降低在费 - 托条件下操作的多相反应器中的最大水浓度的方法和装置。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中，一种减少含有膨胀浆料床和用于费 - 托合成的富水浆料区域的多相反应器中的水的最大浓度的方法包括改变预定区域的流动结构在反应堆。可以通过将混合增强流体引入预定区域，将挡板安装到预定区域中，或通过本领域已知的其它方法来改变流动结构。优选地，预定区域位于1/2H和H之间以及1/2和R之间，其中H是发泡浆料床的高度，R是反应器的半径。

8. 发明授权

US07022741B2 Gas agitated multiphase catalytic reactor with reduced backmixing 失效
标题翻译：气体搅拌多相催化反应器减少回混
公开(公告)号：US07022741B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10402498
申请日：2003-03-28
申请人： Yi Jiang , Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Harold A. Wright
发明人： Yi Jiang , Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza , Harold A. Wright
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/34 , B01F13/0255 , B01F15/00915 , B01F2215/0422 , B01F2215/0427 , B01F2215/0431 , B01J8/22 , B01J19/006 , B01J19/24 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/0084 , B01J2219/00081 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/00777
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus and method for optimizing the degree of backmixing within a gas agitated multiphase reactor at a given gas linear velocity. The embodiments of the present invention involve novel configurations of the multiphase reactor internal structures. In general, the configurations comprise creating a dense area of internal structures in the central region and/or wall regions of the multiphase reactor.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于在给定气体线速度下优化气体搅拌多相反应器内的回混程度的装置和方法。本发明的实施例涉及多相反应器内部结构的新颖结构。通常，构造包括在多相反应器的中心区域和/或壁区域中产生密集的内部结构区域。

9. 发明授权

US07012103B2 Commercial fischer-tropsch reactor 失效
标题翻译：商业费托反应堆
公开(公告)号：US07012103B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-14
申请号：US10395912
申请日：2003-03-24
申请人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang , Harold A. Wright , Todd H. Harkins
发明人： Rafael L. Espinoza , Jianping Zhang , Harold A. Wright , Todd H. Harkins
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： C10G2/341 , B01J8/06 , B01J8/067 , B01J12/00 , B01J23/745 , B01J23/75 , B01J2208/00053 , B01J2208/00061 , B01J2208/00097 , B01J2208/00212
摘要： A process for producing hydrocarbons comprises providing a multi-tubular reactor having at least 100 tubes units containing a catalyst, each tube being between 2 and 5 meters tall and in thermal contact with a cooling fluid; feeding hydrogen and carbon monoxide to each tube at a linear gas superficial velocity less than about 60 cm/s; and converting the gas feedstream to hydrocarbons on the catalyst, wherein the yield of hydrocarbons in each tube is greater than 100 (kg hydrocarbons)/hr/(m3 reaction zone). Each tube may have an internal diameter greater than 2 centimeters. The catalyst may be active for Fischer Tropsch synthesis and may comprise cobalt or iron. The maximum difference in the radially-averaged temperature between two points that are axially spaced along the reactor is less than 15° C., preferably less than 10° C. The catalyst loading or intrinsic activity may vary along the length of the reactor.
摘要翻译：制备烃的方法包括提供具有至少100个含有催化剂的管单元的多管式反应器，每个管的高度在2和5米之间并与冷却流体热接触; 以低于约60cm / s的线性气体表观速度向每个管供给氢气和一氧化碳; 并将气体进料流转化为催化剂上的烃，其中每个管中的烃的产率大于100（kg碳氢化合物）/ hr /（m 3）反应区）。每根管子的内径可以大于2厘米。该催化剂可用于费 - 托合成，并且可以包含钴或铁。沿着反应器轴向间隔的两个点之间的径向平均温度的最大差异小于15℃，优选小于10℃。催化剂负载或固有活性可以沿着反应器的长度而变化。

10. 发明授权

US06956063B2 Method for reducing water concentration in a multi-phase column reactor 有权
标题翻译：降低多相柱反应器中水分浓度的方法
公开(公告)号：US06956063B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-18
申请号：US10315571
申请日：2002-12-10
申请人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza
发明人： Jianping Zhang , Rafael L. Espinoza
IPC分类号： B01D3/14 , B01D3/34 , B01D3/42 , B01D11/00 , B01D15/00 , B01D21/00 , B01D21/26 , B01D37/00 , B01D63/00 , C07C1/04 , C07C27/00 , C07C27/06 , C07C27/26
CPC分类号： B01J8/228 , B01J8/008 , B01J2208/00761 , B01J2208/00991 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/332 , C10G33/00 , C10G2300/1022
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for water removal in multi-phase reactors operating at Fischer-Tropsch conditions. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method of reducing the concentration of water in a multi-phase reactor for Fisher-Tropsch synthesis containing an expanded slurry bed and a water-rich slurry region includes removing a portion of water from the water-rich slurry from a predetermined region in the reactor, removing the water from the water-rich slurry to form a water-reduced slurry, and returning the water-reduced slurry back to the reactor. Preferably the water-rich slurry region is located between ½ H to H and ½ R to R, where H is the height of the expanded slurry bed and R is the radius of the expanded slurry bed.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种在费 - 托条件下操作的多相反应器中除水的方法和装置。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中，降低含有膨胀淤浆床和富水浆料区域的费 - 托合成的多相反应器中的水浓度的方法包括从水 - 从反应器中的预定区域获得富集的浆料，从富水浆料中除去水以形成水分减少的浆料，并将减水浆料返回到反应器中。优选地，富水浆料区域位于1/2H至H和1/2 R至R之间，其中H是发泡浆料床的高度，R是膨胀浆料床的半径。

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