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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Reclaim space reserve for a compressed memory system
    • 回收压缩内存系统的空间预留
    • US06842832B1
    • 2005-01-11
    • US09648681
    • 2000-08-25
    • Peter A. FranaszekDan E. Poff
    • Peter A. FranaszekDan E. Poff
    • G06F12/00G06F12/02G06F12/04G06F12/08G06F12/10G06F12/12
    • G06F12/023G06F12/08G06F12/0802G06F12/12G06F2212/401
    • A system and method for managing a memory storage device including a physical memory having free space for storing content maintained in compressed form and organized as pages. The system includes a control device for managing performance of input and output operations of compressed content to and from the memory storage device, with output operations including a memory pageout operations for recovering free memory storage space. The control device maintains an amount of free storage space readily available for recovery to above a threshold amount so as to enable subsequent pageout operations to be performed. A novel data construct is provided that includes locations of pages which may be immediately cleared from the physical memory for a subsequent pageout operation, the control device performing a flush operation by accessing the data construct and expediently deleting one or more pages identified in the list as available for deletion. With this data construct and flush operation, the threshold amount for free storage space recovery is able to be significantly reduced.
    • 一种用于管理存储器存储设备的系统和方法,所述存储器存储设备包括物理存储器,所述物理存储器具有用于存储以压缩形式保存的内容的自由 该系统包括用于管理来自存储器存储设备的压缩内容的输入和输出操作的性能的控制设备,其中输出操作包括用于恢复可用存储器存储空间的存储器输出操作。 控制装置将可用于恢复的可用存储空间的量保持在阈值以上,以便能够执行后续的页面输出操作。 提供了一种新颖的数据结构,其包括可以立即从物理存储器清除的用于随后的页面输出操作的页面的位置,所述控制设备通过访问数据结构来执行刷新操作,并方便地删除列表中标识的一个或多个页面, 可供删除。 通过这种数据结构和刷新操作,可以显着降低空闲存储空间恢复的阈值。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Kernel identification for space management in compressed memory systems
    • 压缩内存系统空间管理的核心识别
    • US06279092B1
    • 2001-08-21
    • US09226367
    • 1999-01-06
    • Peter A. FranaszekPhilip HeidelbergerDan E. Poff
    • Peter A. FranaszekPhilip HeidelbergerDan E. Poff
    • G06F1202
    • G06F12/023G06F12/0802G06F2212/401
    • An improved method, system, and a computer program storage device for management of compressed main memory allocation and utilization. The present invention has features which advantageously avoid system abends or inefficient operation that would otherwise result. We identify 3 types of addresses associated with a page: a virtual address, a real address, and a physical address. The OS is responsible for converting virtual addresses to real addresses, and the memory controller is responsible for converting real addresses to the physical addresses where the compressed data are actually stored. We assume that the memory controller has the capability to store a page either compressed, or uncompressed. Depending on the characteristics of the controller, this may be done either on a per page basis via an indicator bit that is settable by the OS, or on a range of real addresses.
    • 一种用于管理压缩主存储器分配和利用的改进的方法,系统和计算机程序存储装置。 本发明具有有利地避免否则将导致系统退出或低效操作的特征。 我们识别与页面相关联的3种类型的地址:虚拟地址,实际地址和物理地址。 操作系统负责将虚拟地址转换为实际地址,内存控制器负责将实际地址转换为实际存储压缩数据的物理地址。 我们假设内存控制器具有存储压缩或未压缩的页面的功能。 根据控制器的特性,这可以通过可由OS设置的指示符位或者在实际地址的范围上以每页为基础来完成。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Managing shared computer memory using multiple interrupts
    • 使用多个中断管理共享的计算机内存
    • US08495267B2
    • 2013-07-23
    • US12953982
    • 2010-11-24
    • Bulent AbaliJohn M. BorkenhagenDan E. Poff
    • Bulent AbaliJohn M. BorkenhagenDan E. Poff
    • G06F13/24
    • G06F13/24G06F11/073G06F11/076G06F12/08G06F2212/401
    • Systems and methods to manage memory are provided. A particular method may include initiating a memory compression operation. The method may further include initiating a first interrupt configured to affect a first process executing on a processor in response to a first detected memory level. A second initiated interrupt may be configured to affect the first process executing on the processor in response to a second detected memory level, and a third interrupt may be initiated to affect the first process executing on the processor in response to a third detected memory level. At least of the first, the second, and the third detected memory levels are affected by the memory compression operation.
    • 提供了管理存储器的系统和方法。 特定方法可以包括启动存储器压缩操作。 该方法还可以包括启动被配置为响应于第一检测到的存储器级别影响在处理器上执行的第一进程的第一中断。 可以将第二起始中断配置为响应于第二检测到的存储器级别影响在处理器上执行的第一进程,并且可以启动第三中断以影响响应于第三检测到的存储器级别在处理器上执行的第一进程。 至少第一,第二和第三检测到的存储器级别受到存储器压缩操作的影响。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANAGNG MEMORY COMPRESSION TRANSPARENT TO AN OPERATING SYSTEM
    • 用于管理操作系统的内存压缩的系统和方法
    • US20080263292A1
    • 2008-10-23
    • US12123859
    • 2008-05-20
    • Lorraine M. HergerMary McHughDan E. PoffRobert A. SacconeCharles O. SchulzT. Basil Smith
    • Lorraine M. HergerMary McHughDan E. PoffRobert A. SacconeCharles O. SchulzT. Basil Smith
    • G06F12/00
    • G06F12/08G06F13/1668G06F2212/401
    • In a computer system having an operating system and a compressed main memory defining a physical memory and a real memory characterized as an amount of main memory as seen by a processor, and including a compressed memory hardware controller device for controlling processor access to the compressed main memory, there is provided a system and method for managing real memory usage comprising: a compressed memory device driver for receiving real memory usage information from the compressed memory hardware controller, the information including a characterization of the real memory usage state: and, a compression management subsystem for monitoring the memory usage and initiating memory allocation and memory recovery in accordance with the memory usage state, the subsystem including mechanism for adjusting memory usage thresholds for controlling memory state changes. Such a system and method is implemented in software operating such that control of the real memory usage in the computer system is transparent to the operating system.
    • 在具有操作系统和压缩主存储器的计算机系统中,所述操作系统和压缩主存储器限定物理存储器和实际存储器,其特征在于处理器所看到的主存储器的量,并且包括用于控制处理器访问压缩主体的压缩存储器硬件控制器设备 存储器,提供了一种用于管理实际存储器使用的系统和方法,包括:压缩存储器设备驱动器,用于从压缩存储器硬件控制器接收实际存储器使用信息,该信息包括实际存储器使用状态的表征;以及压缩 管理子系统,用于监视内存使用情况,并根据内存使用状态启动内存分配和内存恢复,该子系统包括调整用于控制内存状态更改的内存使用阈值的机制。 这样的系统和方法在软件操作中实现,使得对计算机系统中的实际存储器使用的控制对于操作系统是透明的。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Data compression using a nested hierachy of fixed phrase length static and dynamic dictionaries
    • 使用固定短语长度静态和动态词典的嵌套层次结构进行数据压缩
    • US07982636B2
    • 2011-07-19
    • US12544726
    • 2009-08-20
    • Bulent AbaliMohammad BanikazemiPeter FranaszekLuis A. LastrasDan E. Poff
    • Bulent AbaliMohammad BanikazemiPeter FranaszekLuis A. LastrasDan E. Poff
    • H03M7/30
    • H03M7/3088
    • The present invention describes lossless data compression/decompression methods and systems. A random access memory (RAM) operates as a static dictionary and includes commonly used strings/symbols/phrases/words. An input buffer operates as a dynamic dictionary and includes input strings/phrases/symbols/words. A set-associative cache memory operates as a hash table, and includes pointers pointing to the commonly used strings/symbols/phrases/words in the static dictionary and/or pointing to one or more of the input strings/phrases/symbols/words in the dynamic dictionary. Alternatively, the set-associative cache memory combines the dynamic dictionary, the static dictionary and the hash table. When encountering a symbol/phrase/string/word in the static or dynamic dictionary in an input stream, a compressor logic or module places a pointer pointing to the symbol/phrase/string/word at a current location on the output stream. The hash table may include phrases/symbols/strings/words and/or pointers pointing to phrases/symbols/strings/words.
    • 本发明描述了无损数据压缩/解压缩方法和系统。 随机访问存储器(RAM)作为静态字典操作,并且包括常用的字符串/符号/短语/单词。 输入缓冲器作为动态字典操作,包括输入字符串/短语/符号/字。 集合关联高速缓冲存储器作为散列表操作,并且包括指向静态字典中常用的字符串/符号/短语/单词的指针和/或指向一个或多个输入字符串/短语/符号/单词中的一个或多个 动态词典。 或者,集合关联高速缓存存储器组合动态字典,静态字典和散列表。 当在输入流中的静态或动态字典中遇到符号/短语/字符串/单词时,压缩器逻辑或模块将指向指向输出流上当前位置的符号/短语/字符串/字的指针放置。 哈希表可以包括短语/符号/字符串/单词和/或指向短语/符号/字符串/单词的指针。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Wear reduction methods by using compression/decompression techniques with fast random access
    • 通过使用压缩/解压缩技术实现快速随机访问的减少磨损方法
    • US07944375B2
    • 2011-05-17
    • US12476297
    • 2009-06-02
    • Bulent AbaliMohammad BanikazemiDan E. Poff
    • Bulent AbaliMohammad BanikazemiDan E. Poff
    • H03M7/34
    • H03M7/3084G06F12/0804G06F2212/401
    • The present invention reduces the number of writes to a main memory to increase useful life of the main memory. To reduce the number of writes to the main memory, data to be written is written to a cache line in a lowest-level cache memory and in a higher-level cache memory(s). If the cache line in the lowest-level cache memory is full, the number of used cache lines in the lowest-level cache reaches a threshold, or there is a need for an empty entry in the lowest-level cache, a processor or a hardware unit compresses content of the cache line and stores the compressed content in the main memory. The present invention also provides LZB algorithm allowing decompression of data from an arbitrary location in compressed data stream with a bound on the number of characters which needs to be processed before a character or string of interest is processed.
    • 本发明减少了对主存储器的写入次数,以增加主存储器的使用寿命。 为了减少对主存储器的写入次数,要写入的数据被写入最低级高速缓冲存储器和较高级高速缓冲存储器中的高速缓存行。 如果最低级高速缓存中的高速缓存线已满,则最低级别高速缓存中使用的高速缓存行的数量达到阈值,或者需要在最低级缓存中的空条目,处理器或 硬件单元压缩高速缓存线的内容并将压缩的内容存储在主存储器中。 本发明还提供了LZB算法,其允许在压缩数据流中的任意位置解压缩数据,并且在处理感兴趣的字符串或字符串之前需要处理的字符数量的限制。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Method for operating system support for memory compression
    • 操作系统支持内存压缩的方法
    • US06681305B1
    • 2004-01-20
    • US09584033
    • 2000-05-30
    • Hubertus FrankeBulent AbaliLorraine M. HergerDan E. PoffRobert A. Saccone, Jr.T. Basil Smith
    • Hubertus FrankeBulent AbaliLorraine M. HergerDan E. PoffRobert A. Saccone, Jr.T. Basil Smith
    • G06F1200
    • G06F12/08G06F12/023G06F12/121G06F2212/401
    • In a system with hardware main memory compression, the method of this invention monitors the physical memory utilization and if physical memory is near exhaustion it forces memory to be paged out, thus freeing up real memory pages. These pages are then zeroed, thus they are highly compressible and therefore reduce the physical memory utilization. Pages that have been forced out due to high physical memory utilization are not made available for allocation. In systems where operating system changes are permitted, this invention dynamically controls the minimum size of the free page pool and zeros pages upon freeing. When the physical memory utilization falls below a critical threshold the mechanism reduces the minimum size of the free pool to allow further allocation. In systems where operating system changes are not possible, pages are allocated by a module (e.g. Device driver) and then zeroed. When the physical memory utilization falls below a critical threshold this method frees some of the explicitly set aside pages.
    • 在具有硬件主存储器压缩的系统中,本发明的方法监视物理存储器利用率,并且如果物理存储器接近耗尽,则迫使存储器被分页出来,从而释放真实存储器页面。 这些页面然后归零,因此它们是高度可压缩的,因此减少物理内存利用率。 由于物理内存利用率高而被强制退出的页面不可用于分配。 在允许操作系统更改的系统中,本发明在释放时动态地控制自由页面池和零页面的最小尺寸。 当物理内存利用率低于临界阈值时,机制会降低可用池的最小大小以允许进一步分配。 在不可能进行操作系统更改的系统中,页面由模块(例如,设备驱动程序)分配,然后归零。 当物理内存利用率低于临界阈值时,此方法会释放某些明确设置的页面。