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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Hardware and software failover services for a file server
    • 文件服务器的硬件和软件故障切换服务
    • US06625750B1
    • 2003-09-23
    • US09440756
    • 1999-11-16
    • Wayne W. DusoLeslie E. KuczynskiJohn ForecastUday GuptaUresh K VahaliaDennis P. J. Ting
    • Wayne W. DusoLeslie E. KuczynskiJohn ForecastUday GuptaUresh K VahaliaDennis P. J. Ting
    • H02H305
    • G06F11/2038G06F11/2028H04L41/0681H04L43/0817
    • A file server includes a plurality of stream server computers linking data storage to a data network, and at least two controller servers for controlling the stream server computers. The controller servers are programmed so that at a given time one of the controller servers is active in controlling the stream server computers, and another of the controller servers is inactive. The inactive controller server is programmed to respond automatically to a failure of the active controller server by becoming active. For example, each of the controller servers has a respective flag for indicating whether or not the controller server is active. Each controller server is programmed so that, upon booting, it will read the flag of the other stream server, and if the flag of the other controller server indicates that the other controller server is active, then the controller server becomes inactive. Otherwise, the stream server assumes an active or inactive state based on a predetermined arbitration method. The active controller server also reports failure conditions to a customer service center, monitors the inactive controller server to ensure that the inactive controller server is in a state of readiness, and monitors itself to determine whether it should become inactive.
    • 文件服务器包括将数据存储器连接到数据网络的多个流服务器计算机以及用于控制流服务器计算机的至少两个控制器服务器。 控制器服务器被编程,使得在给定时间,一个控制器服务器在控制流服务器计算机中是活动的,另一个控制器服务器处于非活动状态。 无效控制器服务器被编程为通过变为活动来自动响应主动控制器服务器的故障。 例如,每个控制器服务器具有用于指示控制器服务器是否活动的相应标志。 每个控制器服务器被编程,使得在引导时,它将读取另一个流服务器的标志,如果其他控制器服务器的标志指示其他控制器服务器是活动的,则控制器服务器变为不活动。 否则,流服务器基于预定的仲裁方法假定为活动或非活动状态。 主动控制器服务器还向客户服务中心报告故障状况,监视非活动控制器服务器以确保非活动控制器服务器处于准备状态,并监控自身以确定其是否应变为非活动状态。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Hardware and software failover services for a file server
    • 文件服务器的硬件和软件故障切换服务
    • US5987621A
    • 1999-11-16
    • US851507
    • 1997-05-05
    • Wayne W. DusoJohn ForecastUday GuptaUresh K VahaliaDennis P. J. Ting
    • Wayne W. DusoJohn ForecastUday GuptaUresh K VahaliaDennis P. J. Ting
    • G06F11/14G06F11/20H04N21/232H04N21/2387H04N21/239H04N21/24G06F11/00
    • G06F11/2046G06F11/2023G06F11/2035H04N21/232H04N21/2387H04N21/2396H04N21/2404G06F11/1471
    • A file server includes stream server computers linking a cached disk array storage subsystem to a data network, and at least two controller servers for receiving requests for file access from network clients. At any given time one of the controller servers is active and another is inactive in servicing client requests. The active controller server selects one of the stream servers to service each request. A controller server failover mechanism is provided for recovering from a failure of the active controller server, and a stream server failover mechanism is provided for recovering from a failure of a stream server. The inactive controller server becomes active when it fails to receive a signal periodically transmitted by the active controller server. The active controller server begins stream server failover when it fails to receive a signal periodically transmitted by each stream server. To resume automatically an interrupted task, the tasks are organized as a series of transactions, and each transaction includes operations which can be duplicated without substantial disruption. The active controller server commits results of each transaction to memory of the cached disk array. Before becoming active, the inactive controller recovers the committed state of the interrupted tasks from the cached disk array.
    • 文件服务器包括将缓存的磁盘阵列存储子系统链接到数据网络的流服务器计算机,以及用于从网络客户端接收文件访问请求的至少两个控制器服务器。 在任何给定的时间,其中一个控制器服务器是活动的,另一个在服务客户机请求时处于不活动状态 主动控制器服务器选择一个流服务器来为每个请求提供服务。 提供控制器服务器故障切换机制用于从主动控制器服务器的故障中恢复,并且提供流服务器故障切换机制用于从流服务器的故障中恢复。 无效控制器服务器在接收到主动控制器服务器周期性发送的信号失败时变为活动状态。 当主控制器服务器无法接收每个流服务器周期性发送的信号时,开始流服务器故障切换。 要自动恢复中断的任务,这些任务被组织成一系列事务,每个事务包括可重复的操作,而不会发生大的中断。 主动控制器服务器将每个事务的结果提交给缓存磁盘阵列的内存。 在活动之前,非活动控制器从缓存的磁盘阵列中恢复已中断任务的提交状态。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Reorganization of striped data during file system expansion in a data storage system
    • 在数据存储系统中文件系统扩展期间重组条带化数据
    • US06499039B1
    • 2002-12-24
    • US09404016
    • 1999-09-23
    • Dinesh VenkateshWayne W. DusoJohn ForecastUday Gupta
    • Dinesh VenkateshWayne W. DusoJohn ForecastUday Gupta
    • G06F1200
    • G06F17/30067G06F3/0607G06F3/0632G06F3/0643G06F3/0683Y10S707/99952Y10S707/99953Y10S707/99955
    • To reorganize a striped file system, data blocks are sequentially moved from storage locations in original data storage to storage locations in an array including the original data storage and additional data storage. If the new striping has the same precedence order as the original striping, then temporary storage is not needed for the block movement. Otherwise, stripes of the data blocks are sequentially moved to a stripe of temporary storage locations, and moved from the stripe of the temporary locations to storage locations in the array. Once a pivot point is reached, however, there is no need to use the temporary storage. Moreover, there is an increasing separation between the read and write pointers. Once this separation exceeds the stripe length, the file system metadata can be synchronized at decreasing intervals and still permit concurrent read access. The number of block transfers between the synchronization points can increase exponentially, and the synchronization points can be aligned with extent boundaries.
    • 为了重组条带文件系统,数据块从原始数据存储中的存储位置顺序地移动到包括原始数据存储和附加数据存储的阵列中的存储位置。 如果新条带与原始条纹具有相同的优先顺序,则块运动不需要临时存储。 否则,数据块的条带被顺序地移动到临时存储位置的条带,并且从临时位置的条带移动到阵列中的存储位置。 一旦达到枢纽点,就不需要使用临时存储。 此外,读指针和写指针之间存在越来越大的差距。 一旦这种分离超过条带长度,文件系统元数据可以以减小的间隔同步,并且仍然允许并发读取访问。 同步点之间的块传输次数可以指数增加,并且同步点可以与扩展边界对齐。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Storage and access of continuous media files indexed as lists of raid
stripe sets associated with file names
    • 将连续媒体文件的存储和访问索引为与文件名相关联的RAID条带集的列表
    • US5974503A
    • 1999-10-26
    • US851509
    • 1997-05-05
    • Dinesh VenkateshJohn ForecastWayne W. Duso
    • Dinesh VenkateshJohn ForecastWayne W. Duso
    • G06F11/10G06F11/14G06F11/20H04N21/2318H04N21/232H04N21/2387H04N21/239H04N21/24G06F12/00
    • G06F11/2046G06F11/1076G06F11/2023G06F11/2035H04N21/2318H04N21/232H04N21/2387H04N21/2396H04N21/2404G06F11/1471G06F2211/1009G06F2211/1014
    • A continuous media file is comprised of stripe sets over disk drives in one or more RAID sets. In a preferred embodiment, the RAID set includes n disk drives. The data storage of each disk drive in the RAID set is partitioned into an integer number m of hyper-volumes, and the parity is stored in one hyper-volume of each of m disk drives in the RAID set. The stripe set includes a series of transfer units of data in respective ones of the disk drives. Each transfer unit includes an integer number j of data blocks, and each hyper-volume includes an integer number k of transfer units. Each stripe set includes (m)(n-1) transfer units of data. The transfer units of the RAID set are allocated for the storage of continuous media data in a right-to-left and then top-to-bottom order in which the transfer units appear in an m row by n column matrix in which the rows of the matrix represent parity groups of hyper-volumes in the disk drives and the columns of the matrix represent storage in the respective disk drives. At most one write access to each parity hyper-volume need be performed during write access to a stripe set. Parity changes for the data being written are accumulated in non-volatile memory, and written to the RAID set after completion of the writing of the data.
    • 连续媒体文件由一个或多个RAID集中的磁盘驱动器上的条带组成。 在优选实施例中,RAID集包括n个磁盘驱动器。 RAID集中的每个磁盘驱动器的数据存储被分区为超大容量的整数m,并且奇偶校验被存储在RAID集中的每个m个磁盘驱动器的一个超音量中。 条带集包括在相应磁盘驱动器中的一系列数据传送单元。 每个传送单元包括整数j个数据块,并且每个超音量包括整数k个传送单元。 每个条带集包括(m)(n-1)个传输单元的数据。 RAID组的传送单元被分配用于从右到左,然后以从上到下的顺序存储连续媒体数据,其中传送单元出现在m行×n列矩阵中,其中行 矩阵表示磁盘驱动器中超容量的奇偶校验组,矩阵列表示各个磁盘驱动器中的存储。 在对条带集的写入访问期间,最多需要执行每个奇偶校验超级卷的一次写访问。 正在写入的数据的奇偶校验更改将累积在非易失性存储器中,并在数据写入完成后写入RAID组。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Dynamic modeling for resource allocation in a file server
    • 文件服务器中资源分配的动态建模
    • US06230200B1
    • 2001-05-08
    • US08925026
    • 1997-09-08
    • John ForecastWayne W. Duso
    • John ForecastWayne W. Duso
    • G06F1516
    • G06F9/50
    • Resources in a file server are allocated by dynamically modeling a configuration of data handling components in the file server and routings of data streams through the data handling components. The dynamic model is a computer model maintained in memory by a controller of the file server. For example, the dynamic model is a directed acyclic graph in which nodes represent the data handling components and edges represent data stream paths. Each node has a list of resources and current allocations of the resources. Associated with each active data stream is a list of pointers to the nodes and current allocations for the data stream. The controller of the file server has programs for automatically creating the dynamic model, modifying the dynamic model in response to component changes such as component failures, enforcing a scheduling and admissions policy by allocating resources for a path for a data stream during a search through the dynamic model in response to a client request for data access, de-allocating resources in response to an end-of-stream condition, and balancing allocations of resources to data streams in order to free resources to allocate a path for a requested data stream. The dynamic model is created automatically by collecting information about what components are installed in the file server, the resources of the installed components, and connections between the installed components.
    • 文件服务器中的资源通过动态建模文件服务器中的数据处理组件的配置和通过数据处理组件的数据流的路由来分配。 动态模型是由文件服务器的控制器在内存中维护的计算机模型。 例如,动态模型是有向非循环图,其中节点表示数据处理组件,边缘表示数据流路径。 每个节点都有资源列表和资源的当前分配。 与每个活动数据流相关联的是指向节点的指针列表和数据流的当前分配。 文件服务器的控制器具有用于自动创建动态模型的程序,响应于组件更改(例如组件故障),通过在搜索期间为数据流的路径分配资源来实施调度和招生策略来修改动态模型 响应于客户端数据访问请求的动态模型,响应于流出端状态来分配资源,以及平衡资源分配给数据流,以释放资源以分配所请求的数据流的路径。 通过收集有关文件服务器中安装的组件,已安装组件的资源以及已安装组件之间的连接的信息,自动创建动态模型。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • System having client sending edit commands to server during transmission
of continuous media from one clip in play list for editing the play list
    • 在播放列表中从一个剪辑传送连续媒体的客户端向服务器发送编辑命令的系统,用于编辑播放列表
    • US5892915A
    • 1999-04-06
    • US851560
    • 1997-05-05
    • Wayne W. DusoJohn Forecast
    • Wayne W. DusoJohn Forecast
    • G06F13/00G11B27/10H04L29/06
    • H04L29/06027G11B27/10H04L65/1063H04L65/1069H04L65/4076H04L65/4084H04L65/4092H04L65/80
    • A protocol and interface provides continuous play over multiple clips for extended periods of time, allows a play-list to be edited dynamically after being given to the video server and during playback of clips in the play-list, allows some notion of "current time" to be used during the streaming of continuous media data, and supports features of the "Louth Automation" video disk communications protocol. Preferably, the client application first creates a session with a play-list containing a fixed number of entries; the number should be as small as possible consistent with the client's requirements. The client edits this play-list by appending the first few clips and then starts the session playing. Each time transmission of video data of a clip is completed, the clip is removed from the head of the play-list, all other clips are moved down, and a callback is issued to the client with the current, updated, play-list. A callback is also issued with the updated play-list to acknowledge each edit command. Preferably, there is a limit as to how close to air-time a clip normally may be deleted or new material inserted, in order to ensure continuity of transmission of the video stream of each clip. To allow live break-ins or other "emergency" operations, however, the session may be paused and later resumed and subsequent clips may be "trimmed" to reduce their play times to recover the time lost to the break-in.
    • 协议和接口在多个片段上提供连续播放,允许在给予视频服务器之后动态编辑播放列表,并且在播放列表中播放剪辑时允许一些概念“当前时间 “在连续媒体数据流传输期间使用,并支持”Louth Automation“视频盘通信协议的功能。 优选地,客户端应用首先创建具有包含固定数量条目的播放列表的会话; 数量应尽可能小,符合客户的要求。 客户端通过附加前几个剪辑来编辑此播放列表,然后开始播放会话。 每当剪辑的视频数据的传输完成时,剪辑从播放列表的头部移除,所有其他剪辑被向下移动,并且使用当前,更新的播放列表向客户端发出回调。 还发出回调,更新的播放列表以确认每个编辑命令。 优选地,为了确保每个剪辑的视频流的传输的连续性,关于剪辑通常可能被删除或插入新材料的空中时间有多少限制。 然而,为了允许现场直播或其他“紧急”操作,会话可能被暂停,并且稍后恢复,并且随后的剪辑可能被“修剪”以减少其播放时间,以恢复丢失的时间。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Video file server cache management using movie ratings for reservation of memory and bandwidth resources
    • 视频文件服务器缓存管理使用电影评级来预留内存和带宽资源
    • US07444662B2
    • 2008-10-28
    • US09893825
    • 2001-06-28
    • Sorin FaibishJohn ForecastUgur SezerPeter BixbyWayne W. Duso
    • Sorin FaibishJohn ForecastUgur SezerPeter BixbyWayne W. Duso
    • H04N7/173
    • H04N21/2407H04N7/17336H04N21/2225H04N21/23106H04N21/2393H04N21/26241
    • Access to movies ranging from very popular movies to unpopular movies is managed by configuring sets of data movers for associated movie rankings, reserving data mover local cache resources for the most popular movies, reserving a certain number of streams for popular movies, negotiating with a client for selection of available movie titles during peak demand when resources are not available to start any freely-selected movie in disk storage, and managing disk bandwidth and primary and local cache memory and bandwidth resources for popular and unpopular movies. The assignment of resources to movie rankings may remain the same while the rankings of the movies are adjusted, for example, during off-peak hours. A movie locked in primary cache and providing a source for servicing a number of video streams may be demoted from primary cache to disk in favor of servicing one or more streams of a higher-ranking movie.
    • 访问从非常受欢迎的电影到不受欢迎的电影的电影通过配置用于相关电影排名的数据移动器组,为最受欢迎的电影预留数据移动器本地缓存资源,为流行电影预留一定数量的流,与客户协商 用于在资源不可用时在磁盘存储中启动任意自由选择的电影以及管理磁盘带宽以及主流和本地高速缓冲存储器以及流行和不受欢迎的电影带宽资源时,在峰值需求期间选择可用的电影标题。 例如,在非高峰时段,电影排名的调配可能会保持不变,同时电影排名也会保持不变。 锁定在主缓存中并提供用于服务多个视频流的源的电影可以从主缓存降级到磁盘,有利于维护较高排名电影的一个或多个流。