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1. 发明授权

US06625750B1 Hardware and software failover services for a file server 有权
标题翻译：文件服务器的硬件和软件故障切换服务
公开(公告)号：US06625750B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US09440756
申请日：1999-11-16
申请人： Wayne W. Duso , Leslie E. Kuczynski , John Forecast , Uday Gupta , Uresh K Vahalia , Dennis P. J. Ting
发明人： Wayne W. Duso , Leslie E. Kuczynski , John Forecast , Uday Gupta , Uresh K Vahalia , Dennis P. J. Ting
IPC分类号： H02H305
CPC分类号： G06F11/2038 , G06F11/2028 , H04L41/0681 , H04L43/0817
摘要： A file server includes a plurality of stream server computers linking data storage to a data network, and at least two controller servers for controlling the stream server computers. The controller servers are programmed so that at a given time one of the controller servers is active in controlling the stream server computers, and another of the controller servers is inactive. The inactive controller server is programmed to respond automatically to a failure of the active controller server by becoming active. For example, each of the controller servers has a respective flag for indicating whether or not the controller server is active. Each controller server is programmed so that, upon booting, it will read the flag of the other stream server, and if the flag of the other controller server indicates that the other controller server is active, then the controller server becomes inactive. Otherwise, the stream server assumes an active or inactive state based on a predetermined arbitration method. The active controller server also reports failure conditions to a customer service center, monitors the inactive controller server to ensure that the inactive controller server is in a state of readiness, and monitors itself to determine whether it should become inactive.
摘要翻译：文件服务器包括将数据存储器连接到数据网络的多个流服务器计算机以及用于控制流服务器计算机的至少两个控制器服务器。控制器服务器被编程，使得在给定时间，一个控制器服务器在控制流服务器计算机中是活动的，另一个控制器服务器处于非活动状态。无效控制器服务器被编程为通过变为活动来自动响应主动控制器服务器的故障。例如，每个控制器服务器具有用于指示控制器服务器是否活动的相应标志。每个控制器服务器被编程，使得在引导时，它将读取另一个流服务器的标志，如果其他控制器服务器的标志指示其他控制器服务器是活动的，则控制器服务器变为不活动。否则，流服务器基于预定的仲裁方法假定为活动或非活动状态。主动控制器服务器还向客户服务中心报告故障状况，监视非活动控制器服务器以确保非活动控制器服务器处于准备状态，并监控自身以确定其是否应变为非活动状态。

2. 发明授权

US5987621A Hardware and software failover services for a file server 失效
标题翻译：文件服务器的硬件和软件故障切换服务
公开(公告)号：US5987621A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-16
申请号：US851507
申请日：1997-05-05
申请人： Wayne W. Duso , John Forecast , Uday Gupta , Uresh K Vahalia , Dennis P. J. Ting
发明人： Wayne W. Duso , John Forecast , Uday Gupta , Uresh K Vahalia , Dennis P. J. Ting
IPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F11/20 , H04N21/232 , H04N21/2387 , H04N21/239 , H04N21/24 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/2046 , G06F11/2023 , G06F11/2035 , H04N21/232 , H04N21/2387 , H04N21/2396 , H04N21/2404 , G06F11/1471
摘要： A file server includes stream server computers linking a cached disk array storage subsystem to a data network, and at least two controller servers for receiving requests for file access from network clients. At any given time one of the controller servers is active and another is inactive in servicing client requests. The active controller server selects one of the stream servers to service each request. A controller server failover mechanism is provided for recovering from a failure of the active controller server, and a stream server failover mechanism is provided for recovering from a failure of a stream server. The inactive controller server becomes active when it fails to receive a signal periodically transmitted by the active controller server. The active controller server begins stream server failover when it fails to receive a signal periodically transmitted by each stream server. To resume automatically an interrupted task, the tasks are organized as a series of transactions, and each transaction includes operations which can be duplicated without substantial disruption. The active controller server commits results of each transaction to memory of the cached disk array. Before becoming active, the inactive controller recovers the committed state of the interrupted tasks from the cached disk array.
摘要翻译：文件服务器包括将缓存的磁盘阵列存储子系统链接到数据网络的流服务器计算机，以及用于从网络客户端接收文件访问请求的至少两个控制器服务器。在任何给定的时间，其中一个控制器服务器是活动的，另一个在服务客户机请求时处于不活动状态主动控制器服务器选择一个流服务器来为每个请求提供服务。提供控制器服务器故障切换机制用于从主动控制器服务器的故障中恢复，并且提供流服务器故障切换机制用于从流服务器的故障中恢复。无效控制器服务器在接收到主动控制器服务器周期性发送的信号失败时变为活动状态。当主控制器服务器无法接收每个流服务器周期性发送的信号时，开始流服务器故障切换。要自动恢复中断的任务，这些任务被组织成一系列事务，每个事务包括可重复的操作，而不会发生大的中断。主动控制器服务器将每个事务的结果提交给缓存磁盘阵列的内存。在活动之前，非活动控制器从缓存的磁盘阵列中恢复已中断任务的提交状态。

3. 发明授权

US06499039B1 Reorganization of striped data during file system expansion in a data storage system 有权
标题翻译：在数据存储系统中文件系统扩展期间重组条带化数据
公开(公告)号：US06499039B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-24
申请号：US09404016
申请日：1999-09-23
申请人： Dinesh Venkatesh , Wayne W. Duso , John Forecast , Uday Gupta
发明人： Dinesh Venkatesh , Wayne W. Duso , John Forecast , Uday Gupta
IPC分类号： G06F1200
CPC分类号： G06F17/30067 , G06F3/0607 , G06F3/0632 , G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0683 , Y10S707/99952 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： To reorganize a striped file system, data blocks are sequentially moved from storage locations in original data storage to storage locations in an array including the original data storage and additional data storage. If the new striping has the same precedence order as the original striping, then temporary storage is not needed for the block movement. Otherwise, stripes of the data blocks are sequentially moved to a stripe of temporary storage locations, and moved from the stripe of the temporary locations to storage locations in the array. Once a pivot point is reached, however, there is no need to use the temporary storage. Moreover, there is an increasing separation between the read and write pointers. Once this separation exceeds the stripe length, the file system metadata can be synchronized at decreasing intervals and still permit concurrent read access. The number of block transfers between the synchronization points can increase exponentially, and the synchronization points can be aligned with extent boundaries.
摘要翻译：为了重组条带文件系统，数据块从原始数据存储中的存储位置顺序地移动到包括原始数据存储和附加数据存储的阵列中的存储位置。如果新条带与原始条纹具有相同的优先顺序，则块运动不需要临时存储。否则，数据块的条带被顺序地移动到临时存储位置的条带，并且从临时位置的条带移动到阵列中的存储位置。一旦达到枢纽点，就不需要使用临时存储。此外，读指针和写指针之间存在越来越大的差距。一旦这种分离超过条带长度，文件系统元数据可以以减小的间隔同步，并且仍然允许并发读取访问。同步点之间的块传输次数可以指数增加，并且同步点可以与扩展边界对齐。

4. 发明授权

US5974503A Storage and access of continuous media files indexed as lists of raid stripe sets associated with file names 失效
标题翻译：将连续媒体文件的存储和访问索引为与文件名相关联的RAID条带集的列表
公开(公告)号：US5974503A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US851509
申请日：1997-05-05
申请人： Dinesh Venkatesh , John Forecast , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： Dinesh Venkatesh , John Forecast , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： G06F11/10 , G06F11/14 , G06F11/20 , H04N21/2318 , H04N21/232 , H04N21/2387 , H04N21/239 , H04N21/24 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/2046 , G06F11/1076 , G06F11/2023 , G06F11/2035 , H04N21/2318 , H04N21/232 , H04N21/2387 , H04N21/2396 , H04N21/2404 , G06F11/1471 , G06F2211/1009 , G06F2211/1014
摘要： A continuous media file is comprised of stripe sets over disk drives in one or more RAID sets. In a preferred embodiment, the RAID set includes n disk drives. The data storage of each disk drive in the RAID set is partitioned into an integer number m of hyper-volumes, and the parity is stored in one hyper-volume of each of m disk drives in the RAID set. The stripe set includes a series of transfer units of data in respective ones of the disk drives. Each transfer unit includes an integer number j of data blocks, and each hyper-volume includes an integer number k of transfer units. Each stripe set includes (m)(n-1) transfer units of data. The transfer units of the RAID set are allocated for the storage of continuous media data in a right-to-left and then top-to-bottom order in which the transfer units appear in an m row by n column matrix in which the rows of the matrix represent parity groups of hyper-volumes in the disk drives and the columns of the matrix represent storage in the respective disk drives. At most one write access to each parity hyper-volume need be performed during write access to a stripe set. Parity changes for the data being written are accumulated in non-volatile memory, and written to the RAID set after completion of the writing of the data.
摘要翻译：连续媒体文件由一个或多个RAID集中的磁盘驱动器上的条带组成。在优选实施例中，RAID集包括n个磁盘驱动器。 RAID集中的每个磁盘驱动器的数据存储被分区为超大容量的整数m，并且奇偶校验被存储在RAID集中的每个m个磁盘驱动器的一个超音量中。条带集包括在相应磁盘驱动器中的一系列数据传送单元。每个传送单元包括整数j个数据块，并且每个超音量包括整数k个传送单元。每个条带集包括（m）（n-1）个传输单元的数据。 RAID组的传送单元被分配用于从右到左，然后以从上到下的顺序存储连续媒体数据，其中传送单元出现在m行×n列矩阵中，其中行矩阵表示磁盘驱动器中超容量的奇偶校验组，矩阵列表示各个磁盘驱动器中的存储。在对条带集的写入访问期间，最多需要执行每个奇偶校验超级卷的一次写访问。正在写入的数据的奇偶校验更改将累积在非易失性存储器中，并在数据写入完成后写入RAID组。

5. 发明授权

US07444662B2 Video file server cache management using movie ratings for reservation of memory and bandwidth resources 有权
标题翻译：视频文件服务器缓存管理使用电影评级来预留内存和带宽资源
公开(公告)号：US07444662B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-28
申请号：US09893825
申请日：2001-06-28
申请人： Sorin Faibish , John Forecast , Ugur Sezer , Peter Bixby , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： Sorin Faibish , John Forecast , Ugur Sezer , Peter Bixby , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： H04N7/173
CPC分类号： H04N21/2407 , H04N7/17336 , H04N21/2225 , H04N21/23106 , H04N21/2393 , H04N21/26241
摘要： Access to movies ranging from very popular movies to unpopular movies is managed by configuring sets of data movers for associated movie rankings, reserving data mover local cache resources for the most popular movies, reserving a certain number of streams for popular movies, negotiating with a client for selection of available movie titles during peak demand when resources are not available to start any freely-selected movie in disk storage, and managing disk bandwidth and primary and local cache memory and bandwidth resources for popular and unpopular movies. The assignment of resources to movie rankings may remain the same while the rankings of the movies are adjusted, for example, during off-peak hours. A movie locked in primary cache and providing a source for servicing a number of video streams may be demoted from primary cache to disk in favor of servicing one or more streams of a higher-ranking movie.
摘要翻译：访问从非常受欢迎的电影到不受欢迎的电影的电影通过配置用于相关电影排名的数据移动器组，为最受欢迎的电影预留数据移动器本地缓存资源，为流行电影预留一定数量的流，与客户协商用于在资源不可用时在磁盘存储中启动任意自由选择的电影以及管理磁盘带宽以及主流和本地高速缓冲存储器以及流行和不受欢迎的电影带宽资源时，在峰值需求期间选择可用的电影标题。例如，在非高峰时段，电影排名的调配可能会保持不变，同时电影排名也会保持不变。锁定在主缓存中并提供用于服务多个视频流的源的电影可以从主缓存降级到磁盘，有利于维护较高排名电影的一个或多个流。

6. 发明授权

US06907081B2 MPEG encoder control protocol for on-line encoding and MPEG data storage 有权
标题翻译：用于在线编码和MPEG数据存储的MPEG编码器控制协议
公开(公告)号：US06907081B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US09823024
申请日：2001-03-30
申请人： Raymond Mantchala , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Michel Noury , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： Raymond Mantchala , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Michel Noury , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H04N7/26 , H04N21/234 , H04N21/44 , H04N21/845 , H04N7/12 , H04N11/02 , H04N11/04
CPC分类号： H04N19/46 , H04N19/87 , H04N21/23412 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/44016 , H04N21/8455
摘要： Coded video from an on-line MPEG video encoder is stored as a clip in a video server or is otherwise received in the video server and prepared or used for splicing. In order to reduce apparent frame inaccuracy that may result from the splicing process, the on-line MPEG video encoder and the server are coordinated so that the group-of-picture (GOP) structure in the encoder provides specified In-points and Out-points that are valid and desirable for splicing. An encoder control protocol is also provided for remote control of the on-line MPEG video encoder in order to coordinate the on-line MPEG video encoder with the video server.
摘要翻译：来自在线MPEG视频编码器的编码视频作为剪辑存储在视频服务器中，否则被接收在视频服务器中并且准备或用于拼接。为了减少拼接过程可能导致的视差帧错误，在线MPEG视频编码器和服务器被协调，使得编码器中的图像组（GOP）结构提供指定的In点和Out- 拼接有效和可取的点。还提供编码器控制协议用于远程控制在线MPEG视频编码器，以便在线MPEG视频编码器与视频服务器协调。

7. 发明授权

US06792047B1 Real time processing and streaming of spliced encoded MPEG video and associated audio 有权
标题翻译：拼接编码MPEG视频及相关音频的实时处理和流式传输
公开(公告)号：US06792047B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US09539747
申请日：2000-03-31
申请人： Peter Bixby , John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： Peter Bixby , John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： H04N712
CPC分类号： H04N21/44016 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23608 , H04N21/23611
摘要： Time stamps in an encoded digital motion video data stream (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) are re-stamped for seamless splicing. The re-stamping includes attainment of Presentation Time Stamp (PTS) agreement in the video stream, alignment of audio stream and video stream Presentation Time Stamps, and re-stamping of the Program Clock Reference (PCR) to eliminate jitter and to comply with MPEG standards. The MPEG compliance is achieved by padding, stuffing and insertion of freeze B and P frames and pre-encoded black I frames. Freeze frame insertion can be also achieved by replacing B and P frames by, smaller in size, freeze B and P frames respectively. No frames are discarded such that both spatial and temporal frame accuracy (no extra frame insertion assumed) is achieved. Moreover, padding is inserted into the data stream to compensate for irregularities in the decoder buffer level, and the audio and video buffer levels are managed dynamically to recover from data miss-delivery to minimize secondary effects, including prediction of errors, inducing freeze or skip, and insertion of padding. The start of the play of the second MPEG stream spliced to the first one is frame accurate and starts as scheduled based on the use of an external clock signal in a stream server computer.
摘要翻译：经编码的数字运动视频数据流（例如MPEG传输流）中的时间戳被重新标记以用于无缝拼接。重新标记包括在视频流中实现呈现时间戳（PTS）协议，音频流和视频流呈现时间戳的对准以及程序时钟参考（PCR）的重新标记以消除抖动并遵守MPEG 标准。通过填充，填充和插入冻结B和P帧以及预编码的黑色I帧来实现MPEG符合性。也可以通过将B和P帧分别代替较小的B帧和P帧来实现冻结帧插入。不丢弃任何帧，从而实现空间和时间帧精度（不考虑额外的帧插入）。此外，将填充插入到数据流中以补偿解码器缓冲器级别中的不规则性，并且动态地管理音频和视频缓冲器级别以从数据未命中传送恢复以最小化次要效应，包括误差预测，诱导冻结或跳过，并插入填充。拼接到第一MPEG的第二MPEG流的播放的开始是帧精确的，并且基于流服务器计算机中的外部时钟信号的使用而按照调度开始。

8. 发明授权

US06678332B1 Seamless splicing of encoded MPEG video and audio 有权
标题翻译：编码MPEG视频和音频的无缝拼接
公开(公告)号：US06678332B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-13
申请号：US09540347
申请日：2000-03-31
申请人： Daniel Gardere , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso , Seyfullah H. Oguz , Sebastian Keller , Michel Noury , Jean Louis Rochette
发明人： Daniel Gardere , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso , Seyfullah H. Oguz , Sebastian Keller , Michel Noury , Jean Louis Rochette
IPC分类号： H04B166
CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23608 , H04N21/41407 , H04N21/44016
摘要： Predictive analysis is performed upon encoded digital motion video (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) to facilitate real-time splicing. The predictive analysis includes estimation of upper and lower bounds of the data levels in a decoder's video and audio buffers for splicing in such a way as to prevent buffer overflow and underflow. This enables buffer management techniques including padding or stuffing, micro-restamping, freeze or repeat of frames, skip or drop of frames, alignment of audio with video. The predictive analysis also includes analysis of the structure of the encoded audio including audio access units (AAUs) and compression windows (AFs), prediction in the compressed domain of initial conditions of the decoder buffer levels for every single Elementary Stream (ES) component of a Transport Stream (TS), and identification of valid splicing In Points and Out Points based on the predicted buffer levels without any special encoder. This permits splicing of different compressed audio types without consideration of the details of the compression mechanism. The predictive analysis may also include recommendations or marking. The analysis is performed on ingest of the data as a pre-processing in preparation for splicing of a new file on early queuing in a data storage system before streaming.
摘要翻译：在编码的数字运动视频（例如MPEG传输流）上执行预测分析以便于实时拼接。预测分析包括在解码器的视频和音频缓冲器中估计数据电平的上限和下限以进行拼接，以防止缓冲器溢出和下溢。这使得能够实现缓冲器管理技术，包括填充或填充，微型停止，帧的冻结或重复，帧的跳过或掉落，音频与视频的对齐。预测分析还包括对包括音频访问单元（AAU）和压缩窗口（AF）的编码音频的结构的分析，在压缩域中对每个单个基本流（ES）分量的解码器缓冲器级别的初始条件的预测传输流（TS），以及基于没有任何特殊编码器的预测缓冲器级别来识别有效拼接点和点。这允许不考虑压缩机构的细节来剪接不同的压缩音频类型。预测分析还可能包括建议或标记。对数据进行分析，作为预处理，准备在流媒体之前在数据存储系统的早期排队中拼接新文件。

9. 发明授权

US07096481B1 Preparation of metadata for splicing of encoded MPEG video and audio 有权
标题翻译：准备用于拼接编码MPEG视频和音频的元数据
公开(公告)号：US07096481B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US09540306
申请日：2000-03-31
申请人： John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N21/44016 , H04N21/23406 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23608 , H04N21/44004
摘要： Metadata for splicing of an encoded digital motion video stream (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) is prepared in real time while recording at the encoding bit rate and faster than encoded bit rate for off line encoding independent of the bit rate and mechanisms for ingestion of the data stream into data storage. Preprocessing is performed during a metered file transfer protocol (FTP) and includes pseudo real-time encoding. The preprocessing includes Group of Pictures (GOP) level pre-processing of splicing In Points and results in an intimate linkage between metadata and the file system in which the video data is stored. The preferred file system enables access to metadata in parallel to writing the data on disk. The pre-processing is performed simultaneous to writing the data to the disk using a carousel type buffer mechanism.
摘要翻译：用于编码的数字运动视频流（例如MPEG传输流）的拼接的元数据是以编码比特率记录并且比编码的比特率更快地编码，用于离线编码，独立于比特率和摄取的机制将数据流转换成数据存储。预处理在计量文件传输协议（FTP）期间执行，并包括伪实时编码。预处理包括拼接In点的图像组（GOP）级预处理，并且导致元数据和存储视频数据的文件系统之间的密切连接。首选文件系统可以并行访问元数据以将数据写入磁盘。使用轮播式缓冲机制将数据同时写入到磁盘上进行预处理。

10. 发明授权

US06230200B1 Dynamic modeling for resource allocation in a file server 失效
标题翻译：文件服务器中资源分配的动态建模
公开(公告)号：US06230200B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US08925026
申请日：1997-09-08
申请人： John Forecast , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： John Forecast , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： G06F9/50
摘要： Resources in a file server are allocated by dynamically modeling a configuration of data handling components in the file server and routings of data streams through the data handling components. The dynamic model is a computer model maintained in memory by a controller of the file server. For example, the dynamic model is a directed acyclic graph in which nodes represent the data handling components and edges represent data stream paths. Each node has a list of resources and current allocations of the resources. Associated with each active data stream is a list of pointers to the nodes and current allocations for the data stream. The controller of the file server has programs for automatically creating the dynamic model, modifying the dynamic model in response to component changes such as component failures, enforcing a scheduling and admissions policy by allocating resources for a path for a data stream during a search through the dynamic model in response to a client request for data access, de-allocating resources in response to an end-of-stream condition, and balancing allocations of resources to data streams in order to free resources to allocate a path for a requested data stream. The dynamic model is created automatically by collecting information about what components are installed in the file server, the resources of the installed components, and connections between the installed components.
摘要翻译：文件服务器中的资源通过动态建模文件服务器中的数据处理组件的配置和通过数据处理组件的数据流的路由来分配。动态模型是由文件服务器的控制器在内存中维护的计算机模型。例如，动态模型是有向非循环图，其中节点表示数据处理组件，边缘表示数据流路径。每个节点都有资源列表和资源的当前分配。与每个活动数据流相关联的是指向节点的指针列表和数据流的当前分配。文件服务器的控制器具有用于自动创建动态模型的程序，响应于组件更改（例如组件故障），通过在搜索期间为数据流的路径分配资源来实施调度和招生策略来修改动态模型响应于客户端数据访问请求的动态模型，响应于流出端状态来分配资源，以及平衡资源分配给数据流，以释放资源以分配所请求的数据流的路径。通过收集有关文件服务器中安装的组件，已安装组件的资源以及已安装组件之间的连接的信息，自动创建动态模型。

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