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1. 发明授权

US4299608A Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations 失效
标题翻译：联合掺杂多孔玻璃以生产具有高改性剂浓度的材料
公开(公告)号：US4299608A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US75713
申请日：1979-09-14
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Mrinmay Samanta , Joseph H. Simmons
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Mrinmay Samanta , Joseph H. Simmons
IPC分类号： C03C3/06 , C03C3/076 , C03C3/102 , C03C3/108 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/00 , C03C23/00 , G02B6/028 , C03C25/02
CPC分类号： C03C23/0095 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/001 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/076 , C03C3/102 , C03C3/108 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/30 , C03C2201/50 , G02B6/0281
摘要： A glass composition having at least 85 mole percent of SiO.sub.2, where the improvement comprises at least 7 wt percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and at least 1.5 mole percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.2 O.
摘要翻译：一种玻璃组合物，其具有至少85摩尔％的SiO 2，其中改进包括至少7重量％的选自PbO和Bi 2 O 3中的至少一种，和至少1.5摩尔％的选自组中的至少一种由K2O，Rb2O和Cs2O组成。

2. 发明授权

US4188198A Joint doping of porous glasses to produce materials with high modifier concentrations 失效
标题翻译：联合掺杂多孔玻璃以生产具有高改性剂浓度的材料
公开(公告)号：US4188198A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-12
申请号：US853411
申请日：1977-11-23
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Mrinmay Samanta
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Mrinmay Samanta
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B5/425 , C03B8/00 , C03B37/014 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/076 , C03C3/078 , C03C3/102 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/00 , C03C13/04 , C03C23/00 , G02B6/028 , C03C25/02 , C03C15/00
CPC分类号： C03C23/0095 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/001 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/102 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/30 , C03C2201/50 , G02B6/0281
摘要： A glass article is produced by doping a porous glass matrix with at least one member selected from the group consisting of PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and at least one member selected from the group consisting of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.2 O, and producing a profile in dopant composition by immersion in a multiple-solvent solution.
摘要翻译：通过用选自PbO和Bi 2 O 3的至少一种元素和选自K 2 O，Rb 2 O和C 8 O 2中的至少一种的元素掺杂多孔玻璃基体来制造玻璃制品，并且通过浸入多溶剂溶液中。

3. 发明授权

US4183620A Joint doped porous glass article with high modifier concentrations 失效
标题翻译：具有高改性剂浓度的接合掺杂多孔玻璃制品
公开(公告)号：US4183620A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-15
申请号：US755590
申请日：1976-12-30
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Mrinmay Samanta , Joseph H. Simmons
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Mrinmay Samanta , Joseph H. Simmons
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B5/425 , C03B8/00 , C03B37/014 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/076 , C03C3/078 , C03C3/102 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/00 , C03C13/04 , C03C23/00 , G02B6/028 , G02B5/14 , C03C3/04 , C03C25/02
CPC分类号： C03C23/0095 , C03C11/00 , C03C13/001 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/102 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/30 , C03C2201/50 , G02B6/0281
摘要： A glass composition having at least 85 mole percent of SiO.sub.2, where the improvement comprises at least 7 wt percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of PbO and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and at least 1.5 mole percent of at least one member selected from the group consisting of K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.2 O.
摘要翻译：一种玻璃组合物，其具有至少85摩尔％的SiO 2，其中改进包括至少7重量％的选自PbO和Bi 2 O 3中的至少一种，和至少1.5摩尔％的选自组中的至少一种由K2O，Rb2O和Cs2O组成。

4. 发明授权

US4469628A Fixation by ion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix 失效
标题翻译：通过玻璃基质中有毒物质的离子交换固定
公开(公告)号：US4469628A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-04
申请号：US370437
申请日：1982-04-21
申请人： Catherine J. Simmons , Joseph H. Simmons , Pedro B. Macedo , Theodore A. Litovitz
发明人： Catherine J. Simmons , Joseph H. Simmons , Pedro B. Macedo , Theodore A. Litovitz
IPC分类号： B01D15/00 , B01J39/02 , B01J39/10 , B01J39/14 , C02F1/42 , G21F9/12 , G21F9/16 , G21F9/30 , C09K3/00 , C09K11/04
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , B01J39/14 , C03C1/026 , C03C11/005 , C03C21/001 , C03C23/0095 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/061 , C03C3/089 , G21F9/12 , G21F9/305 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/20 , C03C2201/23 , C03C2201/3435 , C03C2201/40 , C03C2201/50
摘要： This invention relates to the immobilization of toxic, e.g., radioactive, materials in a silicate glass or silica gel matrix for extremely long periods of time. Toxic materials, such as radioactive wastes containing radioactive cations, which may be in the form of liquids, or solids dissolved or dispersed in liquids or gases, are incorporated into a glass or silica gel matrix, having alkali metal, Group Ib metal and/or ammonium cations bonded to silicon atoms of said glass or silica gel through divalent oxygen linkages, by a process which involves the ion exchange of said toxic or radioactive cations with said alkali metal, Group Ib metal and/or ammonium cations to bind said toxic or radioactive cations to silicon atoms of said glass or silica gel through said silicon-bonded divalent oxygen linkages. Thereafter, the resulting glass or silica gel now characterized by toxic or radioactive cations bonded to silicon atoms through divalent oxygen linkages can be stored, or packaged in suitable containers, or disposed of as by burial, and/or sintered to collapse the pores thereof.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及将硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶基质中的有毒的，例如放射性物质固定在极长时间内。将含有放射性阳离子的放射性废物（其可以是液体的形式）或溶解或分散在液体或气体中的固体的有毒材料掺入玻璃或硅胶基质中，其具有碱金属，Ib族金属和/或通过涉及所述有毒或放射性阳离子与所述碱金属，第Ib族金属和/或铵阳离子离子交换以结合所述有毒或放射性的方法的方法，通过二价氧键与所述玻璃或硅胶的硅原子键合的铵阳离子通过所述硅键合的二价氧键与所述玻璃或硅胶的硅原子的阳离子。此后，所得到的玻璃或硅胶的特征在于通过二价氧键与硅原子键合的有毒或放射性阳离子，可以储存或包装在合适的容器中，或通过埋置和/或烧结来处理以使其孔隙折叠。

5. 发明授权

US4224177A Fixation of radioactive materials in a glass matrix 失效
标题翻译：玻璃基质中放射性物质的固定
公开(公告)号：US4224177A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-23
申请号：US884371
申请日：1978-03-09
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Theodore A. Litovitz
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Theodore A. Litovitz
IPC分类号： C03C4/00 , C03C23/00 , G21F9/30 , G21F9/16
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , C03C23/0095 , C03C4/00 , G21F9/305
摘要： This invention relates to radioactive materials which are fixed, stored, entrapped, encapsulated, or otherwise rendered immobile in a glass matrix for extremely long periods of time. Radioactive material such as radioactive wastes are incorporated into a glass matrix by a process of "molecular stuffing" a porous glass either with a radioactive gas which is trapped in the porous glass by dissolution during sintering of the pores of the glass, or with a salt solution containing radioactive material such as CsNO.sub.3, Sr(NO.sub.3), etc., or with a combination of both salt solution and radioactive gas, followed by drying and sintering of the pores of the glass whereby these radioactive materials upon chemical change to their oxides, excepting of course the noble gases which remain in molecular form, become a part of the integrated glass structure.The resulting glass article may have the radioactive material dispersed essentially homogeneously throughout the glass article, or there may be a layer free of such radioactive waste material over the entire surface of the glass article. In either case such glass articles demonstrate an extremely slow diffusion of the encapsulated radioactive material to the surrounding area.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在玻璃基质中固定，储存，包埋，封装或以其它方式固定在放射性物质中的放射性物质。放射性物质如放射性废物通过“分子填充”多孔玻璃的方法引入到玻璃基体中，该多孔玻璃或者是通过在玻璃的孔的烧结期间溶解而被捕获在多孔玻璃中的放射性气体，或者与盐含有诸如CsNO 3，Sr（NO 3）等放射性物质的溶液，或与盐溶液和放射性气体两者的组合，然后干燥和烧结玻璃孔，由此这些放射性物质在化学改变为氧化物时，除了保留分子形式的惰性气体当然，成为一体化玻璃结构的一部分。所得到的玻璃制品可以具有基本上均匀地分散在整个玻璃制品中的放射性材料，或者在玻璃制品的整个表面上可以存在没有这种放射性废料的层。在任一种情况下，这种玻璃制品表现出包封的放射性物质极其扩散到周围区域。

6. 发明授权

US4544499A Fixation by anion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix 失效
标题翻译：通过玻璃基质中有毒物质的阴离子交换固定
公开(公告)号：US4544499A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-01
申请号：US386215
申请日：1982-06-07
申请人： Danh C. Tran , Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Catherine J. Simmons , Nicholas Lagakos
发明人： Danh C. Tran , Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Catherine J. Simmons , Nicholas Lagakos
IPC分类号： G21F9/30 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/16
CPC分类号： C03C11/005 , C03C1/002 , C03C1/026 , C03C21/001 , C03C23/0095 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/061 , C03C3/089 , G21F9/305 , G21F9/36 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/20 , C03C2201/23 , C03C2201/3411 , C03C2201/3423 , C03C2201/3429 , C03C2201/40 , C03C2201/54 , C03C2201/60
摘要： This invention relates to the immobilization of toxic, e.g., radioactive materials, internally in a silicate glass or silica gel matrix for extremely long periods of time. Toxic materials, such as radioactive wastes containing radioactive anions, and in some cases cations, which may be in the form of liquids, or solids dissolved or dispersed in liquids or gases, are internally incorporated into a glass matrix, having hydrous organofunctionalsiloxy groups, e.g., hydrous aminoalkylsiloxy or carboxyorganosiloxy, bonded to silicon atoms of said glass and/or hydrous polyvalent metals bonded to silicon atoms of said glass through divalent oxygen linkages or otherwise immobilized therein, by a process which involves the ion exchange of said toxic, radioactive anions with hydroxyl groups attached to said organofunctionalsiloxy groups or with hydroxyl groups attached to the hydrous polyvalent metal. Thereafter, the resulting glass now characterized by a distribution of internally bonded or immobilized, toxic, radioactive anions can be packaged in suitable containers, and disposed of as by burial, and/or they can be sintered to collapse the pores thereof to disposal or for producing useful radiation sources. The porous glass or a porous silica gel having said silicon-bonded organofunctionalsiloxy groups and/or said hydrous polyvalent metal oxy groups, the pores of said glass or silica gel remaining open and uncollapsed, can be used advantageously as a backfill for an underground radioactive waste burial site and as overpack in the waste disposal container. Also included is a novel method for bonding the polyvalent metal to the porous silica glass or gel by substituting the protons of the silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups thereof with an alkali metal or ammonium cation followed by displacement of said cation with the non-radioactive polyvalent metal cation.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶基质中内部有毒的例如放射性物质固定极长时间。含有放射性阴离子的放射性废物，以及在某些情况下，可能是液体形式的阳离子或溶解或分散在液体或气体中的固体的有毒材料内部加入到具有含水官能团的甲硅烷氧基的玻璃基质中，例如，含水氨基烷基甲硅烷氧基或羧基有机基甲硅烷氧基，通过涉及将所述有毒放射性阴离子与所述有机放射性阴离子的离子交换的方法，通过二价氧键键合到所述玻璃的硅原子和/或与所述玻璃的硅原子键合的含水多价金属，连接到所述有机电致甲硅烷氧基基团的羟基或与水合多价金属连接的羟基的羟基。此后，所得玻璃的特征在于内部结合或固定的，有毒的放射性阴离子的分布可以包装在合适的容器中，并通过埋置进行处理，和/或它们可以烧结以将其孔隙塌缩以处理或用于生产有用的辐射源。所述多孔玻璃或多孔硅胶具有所述与硅键合的有机铁氧基甲硅烷氧基和/或所述含水多价金属氧基，所述玻璃或硅胶的孔保持开放和未破裂，可有利地用作地下放射性废物的回填垃圾处理容器内的包装物，还包括一种通过用碱金属或铵阳离子取代与硅键合的羟基的质子，然后用非放射性多价金属置换所述阳离子来将多价金属键合到多孔石英玻璃或凝胶上的新方法阳离子。

7. 发明授权

US4362659A Fixation of radioactive materials in a glass matrix 失效
标题翻译：玻璃基质中放射性物质的固定
公开(公告)号：US4362659A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US76444
申请日：1979-09-17
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Theodore A. Litovitz
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Theodore A. Litovitz
IPC分类号： C03C4/00 , C03C23/00 , G21F9/30 , G21F9/02
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , C03C23/0095 , C03C4/00 , G21F9/305
摘要： This invention relates to radioactive materials which are fixed, stored, entrapped, encapsulated, or otherwise rendered immobile in a glass matrix for extremely long periods of time. Radioactive material such as radioactive wastes are incorporated into a glass matrix by a process of "molecular stuffing" a porous glass either with a radioactive gas which is tapered in the porous glass by dissolution during sintering of the pores of the glass, or with a salt solution containing radioactive material such as CsNO.sub.3, Sr(NO.sub.3), etc., or with a combination of both salt solution and radioactive gas, followed by drying and sintering of the pores of the glass whereby these radioactive materials upon chemical change to their oxides, excepting of course the noble gases which remain in molecular form, become a part of the integrated glass structure.The resulting glass article may have the radioactive material dispersed essentially homogeneously throughout the glass article, or there may be a layer free of such radioactive waste material over the entire surface of the glass article. In either case such glass articles demonstrate an extremely slow diffusion of the encapsulated radioactive material to the surrounding area.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在玻璃基质中固定，储存，包埋，封装或以其它方式固定在放射性物质中的放射性物质。放射性物质如放射性废物通过“分子填充”多孔玻璃的方法加入到玻璃基质中，该多孔玻璃或者通过在玻璃的孔的烧结期间溶解而在多孔玻璃中逐渐变细的放射性气体，或与盐含有诸如CsNO 3，Sr（NO 3）等放射性物质的溶液，或与盐溶液和放射性气体两者的组合，然后干燥和烧结玻璃孔，由此这些放射性物质在化学改变为其氧化物时，除了保留分子形式的惰性气体当然，成为一体化玻璃结构的一部分。所得到的玻璃制品可以具有基本上均匀地分散在整个玻璃制品中的放射性材料，或者在玻璃制品的整个表面上可以存在没有这种放射性废料的层。在任一种情况下，这种玻璃制品表现出包封的放射性物质极其扩散到周围区域。

8. 发明授权

US4333847A Fixation by anion exchange of toxic materials in a glass matrix 失效
标题翻译：通过玻璃基质中有毒物质的阴离子交换固定
公开(公告)号：US4333847A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-08
申请号：US65752
申请日：1979-08-10
申请人： Danh C. Tran , Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Catherine J. Simmons , Nicholas Lagakos
发明人： Danh C. Tran , Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Catherine J. Simmons , Nicholas Lagakos
IPC分类号： G21F9/02 , G21F9/30 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/16
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , C03C1/026 , C03C11/005 , C03C21/001 , C03C23/0095 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/061 , C03C3/089 , G21F9/02 , G21F9/305 , G21F9/36 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/20 , C03C2201/23 , C03C2201/3411 , C03C2201/3423 , C03C2201/3429 , C03C2201/40 , C03C2201/42 , C03C2201/50 , C03C2201/54
摘要： This invention relates to the immobilization of toxic, e.g., radioactive materials, internally in a silicate glass or silica gel matrix for extremely long periods of time. Toxic materials, such as radioactive wastes containing radioactive anions, and in some cases cations, which may be in the form of liquids, or solids dissolved or dispersed in liquids or gases, are internally incorporated into a glass matrix, having hydrous organofunctionalsiloxy groups, e.g., hydrous aminoalkylsiloxy or carboxyorganosiloxy, bonded to silicon atoms of said glass and/or hydrous polyvalent metals bonded to silicon atoms of said glass through divalent oxygen linkages or otherwise immobilized therein, by a process which involves the ion exchange of said toxic, radioactive anions with hydroxyl groups attached to said organofunctionalsiloxy groups or with hydroxyl groups attached to the hydrous polyvalent metal. Thereafter, the resulting glass now characterized by a distribution of internally bonded or immobilized, toxic, radioactive anions can be packaged in suitable containers, and disposed of as by burial, and/or they can be sintered to collapse the pores thereof prior to disposal or for producing useful radiation sources. The porous glass or a porous silica gel having said silicon-bonded organofunctionalsiloxy groups and/or said hydrous polyvalent metal oxy groups, the pores of said glass or silica gel remaining open and uncollapsed, can be used advantageously as a backfill for an underground radioactive waste burial site and as overpack in the waste disposal container. Also included is a novel method for bonding the polyvalent metal to the porous silica glass or gel by substituting the protons of the silicon-bonded hydroxyl groups thereof with an alkali metal or ammonium cation followed by displacement of said cation with the non-radioactive polyvalent metal cation.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶基质中内部有毒的例如放射性物质固定极长时间。含有放射性阴离子的放射性废物，以及在某些情况下，可能是液体形式的阳离子或溶解或分散在液体或气体中的固体的有毒材料内部加入到具有含水官能团的甲硅烷氧基的玻璃基质中，例如，含水氨基烷基甲硅烷氧基或羧基有机基甲硅烷氧基，通过涉及将所述有毒放射性阴离子与所述有机放射性阴离子的离子交换的方法，通过二价氧键键合到所述玻璃的硅原子和/或与所述玻璃的硅原子键合的含水多价金属，连接到所述有机电致甲硅烷氧基基团的羟基或与水合多价金属连接的羟基的羟基。此后，所得玻璃的特征在于内部结合或固定的，有毒的放射性阴离子的分布可以包装在合适的容器中，并且通过埋置进行处理和/或它们可以在处理之前烧结以使其孔隙塌缩，或用于生产有用的辐射源。所述多孔玻璃或多孔硅胶具有所述与硅键合的有机铁氧基甲硅烷氧基和/或所述含水多价金属氧基，所述玻璃或硅胶的孔保持开放和未破裂，可有利地用作地下放射性废物的回填垃圾处理容器内的包装物，还包括一种通过用碱金属或铵阳离子取代与硅键合的羟基的质子，然后用非放射性多价金属置换所述阳离子来将多价金属键合到多孔石英玻璃或凝胶上的新方法阳离子。

9. 发明授权

US4302231A Method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature 失效
$Method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature$
标题翻译：具有抛物线性质的渐变折射率分布的玻璃制品的制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4302231A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US7192
申请日：1979-01-29
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Shigeo Murai
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Joseph H. Simmons , Shigeo Murai
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , C03B37/00 , C03B37/014 , C03B37/016 , C03C23/00 , G02B6/02 , C03B37/025 , C03B37/075 , C03C21/00
CPC分类号： C03B37/016 , C03C23/0095
摘要： A method of producing a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of a parabolic nature is disclosed. The method comprises soaking a preform having a porous matrix with interconnected pores into a stuffing solution containing at least one index modifying dopant of predetermined solubility in the stuffing solution for a time interval to fill the pores with the dopant solution, precipitating the dopant into the porous matrix approximately uniformly throughout, soaking the preform into a solvent solution having a solubility for the dopant lower than the solubility of the dopant in the stuffing solution for a time interval sufficient to cause substantially all of the dopant to redissolve and for diffusion to take place out of the porous matrix in such a way that the dopant concentration decreases as a function of radial distance from the central axis, precipitating the dopant in the porous matrix by reducing the temperature of the preform to a level such that the dopant is precipitated out of solution, removing the solvent and where necessary decomposition products from the preform, and heating to consolidate the preform to produce a glass article having a graded refractive index profile of the parabolic nature.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制造具有抛物线性质的梯度折射率分布的玻璃制品的方法。该方法包括将具有互连孔的具有多孔基体的预成型体浸泡到填充溶液中，所述填充溶液含有至少一种在填充溶液中具有预定溶解度的指数改性掺杂剂，以填充掺杂剂溶液的时间间隔，将掺杂剂沉淀到多孔基体大致均匀地浸入预浸料中，将预成型体浸入溶剂中，该溶剂溶液的溶解度低于掺杂剂在填料溶液中的溶解度，其时间间隔足以使基本上所有的掺杂剂全部再溶解并扩散出来的多孔基质，使得掺杂剂浓度随着与中心轴的径向距离的减小而降低，通过将预成型体的温度降低到使得掺杂剂从溶液中沉淀出的水平，使多孔基质中的掺杂剂沉淀，除去溶剂，并在必要时从预型件分解产物，和他以固化预成型件以生产具有抛物线性质的渐变折射率分布的玻璃制品。

10. 发明授权

US4687581A Method of separating and purifying cations by ion exchange with regenerable porous glass 失效
标题翻译：通过可再生多孔玻璃离子交换分离和提纯阳离子的方法
公开(公告)号：US4687581A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US574986
申请日：1984-01-30
申请人： Pedro B. Macedo , Aaron Barkatt , Herbert G. Sutter
发明人： Pedro B. Macedo , Aaron Barkatt , Herbert G. Sutter
IPC分类号： B01J39/02 , B01J49/00 , G21F9/12 , C02F1/42
CPC分类号： C03C1/002 , B01J39/02 , B01J49/0008 , C03C11/005 , C03C21/001 , C03C23/0095 , C03C3/06 , C03C3/061 , C03C3/089 , G21F9/12 , C03C2201/10 , C03C2201/20 , C03C2201/50
摘要： A method for separating and purifying cations by ion exchange with regenerable porous glass. More specifically, the method is for decontaminating toxic waste streams such as a radioactive waste streams and concentrating the radioactive cations contained therein which comprises passage of the waste stream through an ion exchange medium of porous silicate glass or silica gel. In one embodiment, a liquid nuclear waste stream is passed through an ion exchange column containing porous silicate glass or silica gel having a plurality of .tbd.Si--O--Z groups wherein Z represents a non-radioactive cation (hydrogen, alkali metals, Group Ib metals and ammonium cations, and mixtures thereof) to displace the non-radioactive cations of the silicate glass or silica gel by the radioactive cations of the waste stream. Thereafter, the ion exchange medium is contacted with an aqueous solution of an acid to strip the radioactive cations therefrom and the stripped ion exchange medium is regenerated. The stripped ion exchange medium can be regenerated by contacting it with an aqueous basic solution of an alkali metal or ammonium ion. Additional liquid radioactive waste is contacted with the regenerated ion exchange medium to decontaminate an additional volume of liquid waste.
摘要翻译：通过可再生多孔玻璃离子交换分离和提纯阳离子的方法。更具体地说，该方法是对诸如放射性废物流的有毒废物流进行净化，并浓缩其中所含的放射性阳离子，其中废物流通过多孔硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶的离子交换介质。在一个实施方案中，液体核废料流通过含有多孔硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶的离子交换柱，该多孔硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶具有多个3BOND Si-OZ基团，其中Z表示非放射性阳离子（氢，碱金属，Ib族金属和铵阳离子及其混合物），以通过废物流的放射性阳离子置换硅酸盐玻璃或硅胶的非放射性阳离子。此后，使离子交换介质与酸的水溶液接触，以从其中分离出放射性阳离子，再生剥离的离子交换介质。剥离的离子交换介质可以通过与碱金属或铵离子的碱性水溶液接触来再生。附加的液体放射性废物与再生的离子交换介质接触以净化额外体积的废液。

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