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    • 2. 发明授权
    • System for acoustic caliper measurements
    • 声卡测量系统
    • US4665511A
    • 1987-05-12
    • US595327
    • 1984-03-30
    • Paul F. RodneyJames R. Birchak
    • Paul F. RodneyJames R. Birchak
    • E21B47/08G01B17/00G01B17/08G01V1/40G01V1/46G01V1/00
    • G01V1/46E21B47/082G01B17/00
    • The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for calipering a borehole using acoustic measurements within the borehole. These acoustic measurements are useful for measuring the reflectivity of the side walls of a borehole and for calipering a borehole in a wireline or measurement while drilling configuration. The apparatus comprises at least one acoustic transceiver disposed on a calipering tool, together with a second acoustic receiver disposed longitudinally a selected distance from the first receiver. Further, a second acoustic transceiver is disposed on the caliper tool azimuthally from the first transceiver. Measurement of the travel times of acoustic pulses reflected from the borehole walls by the transceivers and receivers of this device, together with other known data, permits an accurate caliper of the borehole to be produced.
    • 本发明涉及使用钻孔内的声学测量来测量钻孔的装置和方法。 这些声学测量对于测量钻孔的侧壁的反射率和在钻孔配置中用于测量电缆中的钻孔或测量是有用的。 该装置包括设置在卡钳工具上的至少一个声收发器,以及沿第一接收器纵向选择的距离设置的第二声接收器。 此外,第二声收发器从第一收发器以方位角度设置在卡钳工具上。 通过该装置的收发器和接收器以及其他已知数据测量从钻孔壁反射的声波脉冲的行进时间允许产生钻孔的精确卡尺。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Acoustic Doppler downhole fluid flow measurement
    • 声学多普勒井下流体流量测量
    • US06829947B2
    • 2004-12-14
    • US10437597
    • 2003-05-14
    • Wei HanJean M. BeiqueJames R. BirchakAlan T. HemphillTim WiemersPaul F. Rodney
    • Wei HanJean M. BeiqueJames R. BirchakAlan T. HemphillTim WiemersPaul F. Rodney
    • G01F120
    • G01P5/241E21B47/01E21B47/101G01F1/663G01N29/024G01N29/036G01N2291/02836G01N2291/105
    • apparatus and system are disclosed for in situ measurement of downhole fluid flow using Doppler techniques. First, a baseline speed of sound is established as close to the desired measurement point as possible. This speed of sound measurement is then used in Doppler calculations for determining flow velocities based from induced Doppler shift resulting from fluid flow. A heterodyne receiver arrangement is preferably used for processing so that the flow direction can be determined and the detection sensitivity for low flow velocities can be enhanced. From in situ measurements, well kicks may be spotted and dealt with in real-time. In addition, current theoretical models of rheological properties may be verified and expounded upon using in situ downhole measurement techniques. Furthermore, the velocity measurements described herein can be used to recognize downhole lost circulation and/or gas/water/oil influxes as early as possible, even when the mud recirculation pumps are turned off.
    • 公开了使用多普勒技术进行井下流体流的原位测量的装置和系统。 首先,将基线速度建立为尽可能接近所需的测量点。 然后将这种声速测量用于多普勒计算,用于根据由流体流动引起的诱导多普勒频移来确定流速。 外差接收器装置优选用于处理,从而可以确定流动方向,并且可以提高低流速的检测灵敏度。 从现场测量,可以发现并处理好踢球。 此外,现有的流变特性的理论模型可以在使用原位井下测量技术时得到验证和阐述。 此外,即使当泥浆再循环泵被关闭时,本文所述的速度测量也可以用于尽可能早地识别井下漏液循环和/或气/水/油流入。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Axially extended downhole seismic source
    • 轴向延伸井下震源
    • US06478107B1
    • 2002-11-12
    • US09565301
    • 2000-05-04
    • James R. BirchakRobert L. MalloyCarl A. RobbinsEugene J. LinyaevDavid J. Young
    • James R. BirchakRobert L. MalloyCarl A. RobbinsEugene J. LinyaevDavid J. Young
    • G01V102
    • G01V1/133
    • An axially extended downhole seismic source is disclosed. In one embodiment, the seismic source includes multiple pressure storage chambers, each having an inlet valve and an outlet valve. The inlet valve is coupled between the pressure storage chamber and the interior of the drill string, and the outlet valve is similarly coupled between the pressure storage chamber and the annular space around the drill string. A compressible fluid may be provided in the pressure storage chambers, and pistons may be positioned to contact the compressible fluid. For each pressure storage chamber, an inlet piston contacts the compressible fluid and fluid inside the drill string, while an outlet piston contacts the compressible fluid and fluid in the annular space around the drill string. When the outlet valve is closed, the inlet valve can be opened to allow pressure inside the drill string to compress the compressible fluid inside the pressure storage chamber. Subsequently closing the inlet valve and opening the outlet valve causes fluid to be ejected into the annular space, thereby generating seismic waves. The use of multiple pressure storage chambers allows the pressure front from the seismic source to be extended axially to advantageously increase the fraction of seismic energy transmitted into the formation while preventing damage to the formation.
    • 公开了一种轴向延伸的井下地震源。 在一个实施例中,地震源包括多个压力存储室,每个压力存储室具有入口阀和出口阀。 入口阀联接在压力存储室和钻柱的内部之间,并且出口阀类似地连接在压力存储室与钻柱周围的环形空间之间。 可压缩流体可以设置在压力存储室中,并且活塞可以被定位成接触可压缩流体。 对于每个压力储存室,入口活塞接触可压缩流体和钻柱内部的流体,同时出口活塞接触可压缩流体和围绕钻柱的环形空间中的流体。 当出口阀关闭时,可以打开入口阀,以允许钻柱内部的压力压缩压力储存室内部的可压缩流体。 随后关闭入口阀并打开出口阀,导致流体被喷射到环形空间中,从而产生地震波。 使用多个压力储存室允许来自震源的压力前端轴向延伸,以有利地增加传输到地层中的地震能量的分数,同时防止对地层的损坏。