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1. 发明授权

US5715677A Diesel NO.sub.x reduction by plasma-regenerated absorbend beds 失效
标题翻译：通过等离子体再生吸收床的柴油NOx还原
公开(公告)号：US5715677A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US748081
申请日：1996-11-13
申请人： P. Henrik Wallman , George E. Vogtlin
发明人： P. Henrik Wallman , George E. Vogtlin
IPC分类号： B01D53/96 , F01N3/022 , F01N3/023 , F01N3/027 , F01N3/032 , F01N3/08 , F01N9/00 , F01N13/04 , F01N3/02
CPC分类号： F01N3/0233 , B01D53/965 , F01N13/011 , F01N3/0224 , F01N3/027 , F01N3/032 , F01N3/0821 , F01N3/0842 , F01N3/0878 , F01N9/00 , F01N9/002 , F01N2250/14 , F01N2410/12 , F01N2570/14 , Y02T10/24 , Y02T10/47
摘要： Reduction of NO.sub.x from diesel engine exhaust by use of plasma-regenerated absorbent beds. This involves a process for the reduction of NO.sub.x and particulates from diesel engines by first absorbing NO.sub.x onto a solid absorbent bed that simultaneously acts as a physical trap for the particulate matter, and second regenerating said solid absorbent by pulsed plasma decomposition of absorbed NO.sub.x followed by air oxidation of trapped particulate matter. The absorbent bed may utilize all metal oxides, but the capacity and the kinetics of absorption and desorption vary between different materials, and thus the composition of the absorbent bed is preferably a material which enables the combination of NO.sub.x absorption capability with catalytic activity for oxidation of hydrocarbons. Thus, naturally occurring or synthetically prepared materials may be utilized, particularly those having NO.sub.x absorption properties up to temperatures around 400.degree. C. which is in the area of diesel engine exhaust temperatures.
摘要翻译：通过使用等离子体再生吸收床来减少来自柴油发动机排气的NOx。这涉及通过首先将NOx吸收到同时作为颗粒物质的物理捕集器的固体吸收剂床上的方式，以从柴油发动机中还原NOx和微粒，并且通过吸收的NOx的脉冲等离子体分解来再次生成所述固体吸收剂，捕获的颗粒物的空气氧化。吸收剂床可以利用所有金属氧化物，但是吸收和解吸的能力和动力学在不同的材料之间变化，因此吸收床的组成优选是能够将NOx吸收能力与用于氧化的催化活性组合的材料碳氢化合物。因此，可以使用天然存在的或合成制备的材料，特别是具有高达约400℃的NOx吸收性能的那些，其处于柴油机排气温度的区域。

2. 发明授权

US4456504A Reactor vessel and process for thermally treating a granular solid 失效
标题翻译：用于热处理颗粒状固体的反应器容器和方法
公开(公告)号：US4456504A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-26
申请号：US336227
申请日：1981-12-31
申请人： Byron G. Spars , Paul W. Tamm , P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： Byron G. Spars , Paul W. Tamm , P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , B01J8/12 , B01J8/24 , B01J8/34 , C10B49/06 , C10B49/16 , C10G1/02 , C10B47/24
CPC分类号： B01J8/12 , B01J8/008 , B01J8/1872 , B01J8/34 , C10B49/06 , C10B49/16 , C10G1/02 , B01J2208/00884
摘要： A reactor vessel for maintaining a staged moving bed of solids, in the presence of countercurrently flowing gas stream, having a diameter of at least one meter and a pressure drop across the body of solids approximately equal to that of a fully fluidized bed and a method for using same to thermally process a granular solid composed of a broad distribution of particle sizes.
摘要翻译：一种反应器容器，用于在直流至少为一米的逆流流动的气流存在下保持分段的固体移动床，并且固体主体上的压降几乎等于完全流化床的压力下降的方法用于使用它来热处理由粒度分布广泛的粒状固体。

3. 发明授权

US09127541B2 Heater and method for recovering hydrocarbons from underground deposits 有权
标题翻译：从地下沉积物回收碳氢化合物的加热器和方法
公开(公告)号：US09127541B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-08
申请号：US13127969
申请日：2009-11-02
申请人： Alan K. Burnham , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. McConaghy , Roger L. Day
发明人： Alan K. Burnham , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. McConaghy , Roger L. Day
IPC分类号： E21B43/243
CPC分类号： E21B43/243
摘要： Heaters are presented to aid in the recovery of hydrocarbon from underground deposits. A heater is provided to a well that has been drilled through an oil-shale deposit. A fuel and an oxidizer are provided to the heater and flue gases are recovered. The heater has a counterflow design and provides a nearly uniform temperature along the heater length. The heater may be designed to operate at different temperatures and depths to pyrolyze or otherwise heat underground hydrocarbon deposits to form a product that is easily recovered and which is useful without substantial further processing. Various counterflow heaters are described including heaters having, down the heater length, distributed reaction zones, distributed catalytic oxidation of the fuel, and discrete or continuous heat generation. The heaters may also utilize inert gases from product recovery or from heater flue gases to control the heater temperature.
摘要翻译：提供加热器来帮助从地下沉积物回收碳氢化合物。向通过油页岩沉积物钻出的井提供加热器。燃料和氧化剂被提供给加热器并且废气被回收。加热器具有逆流设计，并沿加热器长度提供几乎均匀的温度。加热器可以设计成在不同的温度和深度下操作以热解或以其它方式加热地下烃沉积物以形成容易回收的产物，并且其在没有实质的进一步加工的情况下是有用的。描述了各种逆流加热器，其包括在加热器长度，分布式反应区，燃料的分布式催化氧化以及离散或连续发热的加热器。加热器还可以利用来自产品回收或来自加热器烟道气体的惰性气体来控制加热器温度。

4. 发明授权

US4722783A Conditioning of recycle shale in retorting process 失效
标题翻译：在蒸煮过程中调节再循环页岩
公开(公告)号：US4722783A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US506760
申请日：1983-06-22
申请人： Robert P. Sieg , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. Ouimette
发明人： Robert P. Sieg , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. Ouimette
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10G1/00
CPC分类号： C10G1/02
摘要： Burned oil shale recycled as heat transfer solids in retorting process conditioned under reducing conditions with hydrocarbon to improve product yield.
摘要翻译：燃烧油页岩作为传热固体在蒸馏过程中回收，在还原条件下用烃调节以提高产物产率。

5. 发明授权

US4385983A Process for retorting oil shale mixtures with added carbonaceous material 失效
标题翻译：用添加的碳质材料对油页岩混合物进行蒸馏的方法
公开(公告)号：US4385983A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US291695
申请日：1981-08-10
申请人： Joel W. Rosenthal , P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： Joel W. Rosenthal , P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： C10B53/06 , C10G1/02 , C10B49/00 , C10B49/10
CPC分类号： C10B53/06 , C10G1/02
摘要： A process for retorting oil shale, especially lean oil shale, which comprises heating oil shale in a retort zone in the absence of substantial molecular oxygen to evolve hydrocarbonaceous vapors therefrom, thereby producing retorted shale; burning the retorted shale with added carbonaceous material in a combustion zone in the presence of an amount of added combustion catalyst sufficient to increase the rate of combustion of said added carbonaceous material in said combustion zone; and transferring heat from the combustion zone to heat said lean shale.
摘要翻译：一种用于干馏油页岩，特别是贫油页岩的方法，其包括在不存在实质分子氧的情况下在蒸煮区中加热油页岩以从其中释放含烃蒸气，由此产生蒸馏页岩; 在一定量的添加的燃烧催化剂的存在下，在燃烧区中将添加的碳质材料的蒸馏页岩燃烧，足以增加所述燃烧区中所述添加的碳质材料的燃烧速率; 并且从燃烧区传递热量以加热所述贫页岩。

6. 发明申请

US20120205109A1 HEATER AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING HYDROCARBONS FROM UNDERGROUND DEPOSITS 有权
标题翻译：从地下沉积物回收烃类的加热器和方法
公开(公告)号：US20120205109A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-16
申请号：US13127969
申请日：2009-11-02
申请人： Alan K. Burnham , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. McConaghy , Roger L. Day
发明人： Alan K. Burnham , P. Henrik Wallman , James R. McConaghy , Roger L. Day
IPC分类号： E21B43/24
CPC分类号： E21B43/243
摘要： Heater embodiments are presented to aid in the recovery of hydrocarbon from underground deposits. In one embodiment, a heater is provided to a well that has been drilled through an oil-shale deposit. A fuel and an oxidizer are provided to the heater and flue gases are recovered. The heater has a counterflow design and provides a nearly uniform temperature along the heater length. The heater may be designed to operate at different temperatures and depths to pyrolyze or otherwise heat underground hydrocarbon deposits to form a product that is easily recovered and which is useful without substantial further processing. Various embodiments of a counterflow heater are described including heaters having, down the heater length, distributed reaction zones, distributed catalytic oxidation of the fuel, and discrete or continuous heat generation. The heaters may also utilize inert gases from product recovery or from heater flue gases to control the heater temperature.
摘要翻译：提出加热器实施例以帮助从地下沉积物回收碳氢化合物。在一个实施例中，将加热器提供到已经通过油页岩沉积物钻孔的井。燃料和氧化剂被提供给加热器并且废气被回收。加热器具有逆流设计，并沿加热器长度提供几乎均匀的温度。加热器可以设计成在不同的温度和深度下操作以热解或以其它方式加热地下烃沉积物以形成容易回收的产物，并且其在没有实质的进一步加工的情况下是有用的。描述了逆流加热器的各种实施例，其包括在加热器长度下，分布式反应区，燃料的分布式催化氧化和离散或连续发热的加热器。加热器还可以利用来自产品回收或来自加热器烟道气体的惰性气体来控制加热器温度。

7. 发明授权

US4736316A Minimum time, optimizing and stabilizing multivariable control method and system using a constraint associated control code 失效
标题翻译：最小时间，优化和稳定多变量控制方法和使用约束相关控制代码的系统
公开(公告)号：US4736316A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-05
申请号：US894423
申请日：1986-08-06
申请人： P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , G05B13/04
CPC分类号： B01J19/0033 , G05B13/045 , Y10S706/906
摘要： In accordance with the present invention, a constraint dependent control method and system for a large scale refinery, chemical process or the like, is provided that allows on-line optimization of one and preferably two plant inputs without need for optimal set points, through iterative generation of a constraint dependent control code normalized to present time t for "driving" the optimized plant inputs rapidly toward optimization but without destabilizing the plant. The generation of such control code includes evaluation of certain key components associated with elements of an optimizing and stabilizing control vector (OSC) from which the code is derived.
摘要翻译：根据本发明，提供了一种用于大规模炼油厂，化学过程等的约束相关控制方法和系统，其允许在一个优选两个工厂输入的在线优化，而不需要最佳设定点，通过迭代将优化的工厂输入快速地推向优化但不使工厂不稳定的一个约束依赖的控制代码被归一化为当前时刻t。这种控制代码的产生包括与从其导出代码的优化和稳定控制向量（OSC）的元素相关联的某些关键分量的评估。

8. 发明授权

US4448666A Retorting process for hydrocarbonaceous solids 失效
标题翻译：含烃固体的蒸馏过程
公开(公告)号：US4448666A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US423336
申请日：1982-09-24
申请人： P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10B49/16 , C10B53/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , Y10S208/951
摘要： A process and apparatus for retorting a hydrocarbonaceous solids using a fluidized bed of heat-transfer material above a packed bed.
摘要翻译：使用填料床上方的传热材料的流化床对含烃固体进行蒸煮的方法和装置。

9. 发明授权

US4440623A Recycle classifier for retorting oil shale 失效
标题翻译：用于蒸馏油页岩的回收分级机
公开(公告)号：US4440623A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US412486
申请日：1982-08-30
申请人： P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10B49/16 , C10B53/06
CPC分类号： C10G1/02
摘要： Heat transfer particles of fluidizable size are selected for recycling to the pyrolysis zone to broaden usable size range of oil shale feed. These recycle particles should all be of a fluidizable size and when mixed with the raw oil shale the total amount of fluidizable particles should comprise not less than about 60 weight percent of the particles in the mixture. This process is especially useful when the heat transfer material is recycled oil shale particles. The present invention is particularly advantageous when the oil shale is pyrolyzed in a vertical retorting vessel containing a fluidized bed above a packed bed of particles.
摘要翻译：选择可流化尺寸的传热颗粒用于再循环至热解区，以扩大油页岩进料的可用尺寸范围。这些再循环颗粒应全部具有可流化的尺寸，并且当与原油页岩混合时，可流化颗粒的总量应包含不少于混合物中颗粒的约60重量％。当传热材料是循环油页岩颗粒时，该方法特别有用。当油页岩在包含颗粒填充层之上的流化床的垂直蒸煮容器中热解时，本发明是特别有利的。

10. 发明授权

US4337120A Baffle system for staged turbulent bed 失效
标题翻译：用于分阶段湍流床的挡板系统
公开(公告)号：US4337120A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-29
申请号：US145290
申请日：1980-04-30
申请人： Byron G. Spars , Paul W. Tamm , P. Henrik Wallman
发明人： Byron G. Spars , Paul W. Tamm , P. Henrik Wallman
IPC分类号： B01J8/12 , B01J8/24 , B01J8/34 , C10B49/06 , C10B49/16 , C10G1/02 , C10B1/04
CPC分类号： C10G1/02 , B01J8/12 , B01J8/1872 , B01J8/34 , C10B49/06 , C10B49/16
摘要： Disclosed is a preferred baffle system for a staged turbulent bed retort. The system preferably comprises a plurality of at least 4 vertically spaced, horizontally disposed perforated baffles, each of said baffles having an open area in the range of 30-70% of the baffle cross-sectional area.
摘要翻译：公开了用于分阶段湍流床蒸馏器的优选挡板系统。该系统优选地包括多个至少四个垂直间隔开的水平布置的穿孔挡板，每个挡板具有在挡板横截面积的30-70％范围内的开口面积。

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