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1. 发明授权

US06185539B2 Process of low sampling rate digital encoding of audio signals 失效
标题翻译：音频信号低采样率数字编码过程
公开(公告)号：US06185539B2
公开(公告)日：2001-02-06
申请号：US09077395
申请日：1998-05-26
申请人： Oliver Kunz , Martin Dietz , Rainer Buchta , Jürgen Zeller , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Martin Sieler , Heinz Gerhäuser
发明人： Oliver Kunz , Martin Dietz , Rainer Buchta , Jürgen Zeller , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Martin Sieler , Heinz Gerhäuser
IPC分类号： H04B166
CPC分类号： H04B1/665
摘要： In a method for coding an audio signal digitized at a low sampling rate to obtain time domain audio samples. A frequency domain representation of the time domain audio samples is produced. The frequency domain representation includes successive frequency lines. These frequency lines are grouped into a plurality of scale factor bands. The successive frequency lines in a scale factor band are coded with the same scale factor. A plurality of regions is formed by grouping the scale factor bands, wherein successive scale factor bands form a region within which all the scale factors are coded with the same number of bits, which is determined according to the largest scale factor of the region. The scale factors assigned to scale factor bands within the highest region that includes the higher frequency successive frequency lines are set to zero. The frequency lines in the highest region are coded using the zero-valued scale factors that correspond to a multiplication factor of 1. The scale factors for the highest region, however, are not coded. Thus, the bits that would be required for coding these zero-valued scale factors are saved and can be used for a finer quantization of the rest of the spectrum. Additionally, this coding method when applied to ISO/IEC 13818-3 as a low sampling rate modification thereof only requires minimal changes with respect to this Standard.
摘要翻译：在以低采样率对数字化的音频信号进行编码以获得时域音频样本的方法中，产生时域音频样本的频域表示。频域表示包括连续的频率线。这些频率线被分组成多个比例因子频带。缩放因子带中的连续频率线以相同的比例因子进行编码。通过对比例因子频带进行分组来形成多个区域，其中，连续的比例因子波段形成一个区域，在该区域内，所有比例因子都以相同的比特数进行编码，这是根据该区域的最大比例因子确定的。分配给包括较高频率的连续频率线的最高区域内的比例因子频带的比例因子被设置为零。最高区域中的频率线使用与乘法因子1对应的零值比例因子进行编码。然而，最高区域的比例因子未被编码。因此，编码这些零值比例因子所需的位被保存，并且可以用于其余频谱的更精细的量化。此外，当将其应用于ISO / IEC 13818-3作为其低采样率修改时，该编码方法仅需要相对于本标准的最小变化。

2. 再颁专利

USRE44897E1 Process of low sampling rate digital encoding of audio signals 有权
标题翻译：音频信号低采样率数字编码过程
公开(公告)号：USRE44897E1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-13
申请号：US13897221
申请日：2013-05-17
申请人： Oliver Kunz , Martin Dietz , Rainer Buchta , Jurgen Zeller , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Martin Sieler , Heinz Gerhauser
发明人： Oliver Kunz , Martin Dietz , Rainer Buchta , Jurgen Zeller , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Martin Sieler , Heinz Gerhauser
IPC分类号： H04B1/66
摘要： In a method for coding an audio signal digitized at a low sampling rate to obtain time domain audio samples. A frequency domain representation of the time domain audio samples is produced. The frequency domain representation includes successive frequency lines. These frequency lines are grouped into a plurality of scale factor bands. The successive frequency lines in a scale factor band are coded with the same scale factor. A plurality of regions is formed by grouping the scale factor bands, wherein successive scale factor bands form a region within which all the scale factors are coded with the same number of bits, which is determined according to the largest scale factor of the region. The scale factors assigned to scale factor bands within the highest region that includes the higher frequency successive frequency lines are set to zero. The frequency lines in the highest region are coded using the zero-valued scale factors that correspond to a multiplication factor of 1. The scale factors for the highest region, however, are not coded. Thus, the bits that would be required for coding these zero-valued scale factors are saved and can be used for a finer quantization of the rest of the spectrum. Additionally, this coding method when applied to ISO/IEC 13818-3 as a low sampling rate modification thereof only requires minimal changes with respect to this Standard.
摘要翻译：在以低采样率对数字化的音频信号进行编码以获得时域音频样本的方法中，产生时域音频样本的频域表示。频域表示包括连续的频率线。这些频率线被分组成多个比例因子频带。缩放因子带中的连续频率线以相同的比例因子进行编码。通过对比例因子频带进行分组来形成多个区域，其中，连续的比例因子波段形成一个区域，在该区域内，所有比例因子都以相同的比特数进行编码，这是根据该区域的最大比例因子确定的。分配给包括较高频率的连续频率线的最高区域内的比例因子频带的比例因子被设置为零。最高区域中的频率线使用与乘法因子1对应的零值比例因子进行编码。然而，最高区域的比例因子未被编码。因此，编码这些零值比例因子所需的位被保存，并且可以用于其余频谱的更精细的量化。此外，当将其应用于ISO / IEC 13818-3作为其低采样率修改时，该编码方法仅需要相对于本标准的最小变化。

3. 发明授权

US06766293B1 Method for signalling a noise substitution during audio signal coding 有权
标题翻译：在音频信号编码期间用信号通知噪声替换的方法
公开(公告)号：US06766293B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US09367775
申请日：1999-08-18
申请人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhäuser
发明人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhäuser
IPC分类号： G10L2102
CPC分类号： G10L19/028 , H04B1/665
摘要： In a method for signalling a noise substitution when coding an audio signal, the time-domain audio signal is first transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are subsequently grouped together to form groups of spectral values. On the basis of a detection establishing whether a group of spectral values is a noisy group or not, a codebook is allocated to a non-noisy or tonal group by means of a codebook number for redundancy coding of the same. If a group is noisy, an additional codebook number which does not refer to a codebook is allocated to it in order to signal that this group is noisy and therefore does not have to be redundancy coded. By signalling noise substitution by means of a Huffman codebook number for noisy groups of spectral values, which are e.g. sections made up of scale factor bands which do not have to be redundancy coded, an opportunity is provided to indicate the presence of a noise substitution in a scale factor band in the bit stream syntax of the MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) Standard without having to interfere with the basic coding structure and without having to meddle with the structure of the existing bit stream syntax.
摘要翻译：在对音频信号编码时用于发信号通知的方法中，首先将时域音频信号变换成频域以获得频谱值。光谱值随后被分组在一起以形成光谱值组。基于确定一组频谱值是否为噪声组的检测，通过用于冗余编码的码本号将码本分配给非噪声或色调组。如果组噪声，则分配不附加码本的附加码本号，以便发信号通知该组噪声，因此不必进行冗余编码。通过用于噪声组的频谱值的霍夫曼码本号对信号进行信号替换，由不必冗余编码的比例因子带组成的部分提供了一种机会，以指示在MPEG-2高级音频编码（AAC）标准的比特流语法中的比例因子频带中存在噪声替换而不必干扰基本编码结构，而不必介入现有比特流语法的结构。

4. 发明授权

US5848391A Method subband of coding and decoding audio signals using variable length windows 失效
标题翻译：使用可变长度窗口对音频信号进行编码和解码的方法子带
公开(公告)号：US5848391A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US678666
申请日：1996-07-11
申请人： Marina Bosi , Grant Davidson , Charles Robinson , Martin Dietz , Uwe Gbur , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg
发明人： Marina Bosi , Grant Davidson , Charles Robinson , Martin Dietz , Uwe Gbur , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg
IPC分类号： G10L19/02 , H04B1/66 , G10L5/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/022 , H04B1/665
摘要： A method of encoding time-discrete audio signals comprises the steps of weighting the time-discrete audio signal by means of window functions overlapping each other so as to form blocks, the window functions producing blocks of a first length for signals varying weakly with time and blocks of a second length for signals varying strongly with time. A start window sequence is selected for the transition from windowing with blocks of the first length to windowing with blocks of the second length, whereas a stop window sequence is selected for the opposite transition. The start window sequence is selected from at least two different start window sequences having different lengths, whereas the stop window sequence is selected from at least two different stop window sequences having different lengths. A method of decoding blocks of encoded audio signals selects a suitable inverse transformation as well as a suitable synthesis window as a reaction to side information associated with each block.
摘要翻译：对时间离散音频信号进行编码的方法包括以下步骤：通过彼此重叠的窗口函数对时间离散音频信号进行加权，以形成块，窗口函数产生用于随时间变化的信号的第一长度的块，对于随时间强烈变化的信号的第二长度的块。选择起始窗口序列，用于从具有第一长度的块的窗口到具有第二长度的块的窗口的转换，而针对相反的转换选择停止窗口序列。起始窗口序列从具有不同长度的至少两个不同的开始窗口序列中选择，而停止窗口序列从具有不同长度的至少两个不同的停止窗口序列中选择。对编码音频信号的块进行解码的方法选择合适的逆变换以及合适的合成窗口作为与每个块相关联的侧信息的反应。

5. 发明授权

US06424939B1 Method for coding an audio signal 有权
标题翻译：音频信号编码方法
公开(公告)号：US06424939B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09402684
申请日：1999-10-06
申请人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser
发明人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser
IPC分类号： G10L1900
CPC分类号： H04B1/665 , G10L19/028
摘要： A method for coding or decoding an audio signal combines the advantages of TNS processing and noise substitution. A time-discrete audio signal is initially transformed to the frequency domain in order to obtain spectral values of the temporal audio signal. Subsequently, a prediction of the spectral values in relation to frequency is carried out in order to obtain spectral residual values. Within the spectral residual values, areas are detected encompassing spectral residual values with noise properties. The spectral residual values in the noise areas are noise-substituted, whereupon information concerning the noise areas and noise substitution is incorporated into side information pertaining to a coded audio signal. Thus, considerable bit savings in case of transient signals can be achieved.
摘要翻译：用于对音频信号进行编码或解码的方法结合了TNS处理和噪声替换的优点。时间离散音频信号最初被变换到频域以获得时间音频信号的频谱值。随后，进行与频率相关的频谱值的预测，以获得谱残差值。在光谱残差值内，检测到包含具有噪声特性的光谱残差值的区域。噪声区域中的频谱残差值被噪声替代，因此关于噪声区域和噪声替换的信息被并入与编码音频信号有关的侧面信息中。因此，可以实现在瞬态信号的情况下相当可观的位节省。

6. 发明授权

US06771777B1 Process for coding and decoding stereophonic spectral values 有权
标题翻译：立体声频谱值的编码和解码过程
公开(公告)号：US06771777B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US09214656
申请日：1999-05-28
申请人： Uwe Gbur , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser , Jürgen Herre , James Johnston
发明人： Uwe Gbur , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser , Jürgen Herre , James Johnston
IPC分类号： H04H500
CPC分类号： H04S1/007
摘要： A method of coding stereo audio spectral values first carries out grouping of those values in scale factor bands, with which scale factors are associated. Sections are formed next, each comprising at least one scale factor band. The spectral values are coded within at least one section with a code book assigned to the section, out of a plurality of code books each with a code book number assigned to it, the number of the code book used being transmitted as side information to the coded stereo audio spectral values. At least one additional code book number is provided, which does not refer to a code book but shows information relevant to the section to which it is assigned. A method of decoding stereo audio spectral values which are partly coded by the intensity stereo process and which have side information uses the relevant information, showing the additional code book numbers, to cancel the existing coding of the stereo audio spectral values.
摘要翻译：对立体声音频频谱值进行编码的方法首先对与比例因子相关联的比例因子频带中的那些值进行分组。接下来形成切片，每个部分包括至少一个比例因子带。频谱值在至少一个部分内被编码，其中分配有代码簿的部分，在分配有代码簿编号的多个代码簿中，使用的代码簿的编号作为辅助信息被发送到编码立体声音频频谱值。提供至少一个附加的代码簿编号，其不涉及代码簿，但是显示与其被分配的部分相关的信息。解码由强度立体声处理部分地编码并且具有侧面信息的立体声音频频谱值的方法使用显示附加码本号码的相关信息来取消立体声音频频谱值的现有编码。

7. 发明授权

US06341165B1 Coding and decoding of audio signals by using intensity stereo and prediction processes 有权
标题翻译：通过使用强度立体声和预测过程对音频信号进行编码和解码
公开(公告)号：US06341165B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-22
申请号：US09214655
申请日：1999-05-28
申请人： Uwe Gbur , Martin Dietz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser , Jürgen Herre , Schuyler Quackenbush
发明人： Uwe Gbur , Martin Dietz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhauser , Jürgen Herre , Schuyler Quackenbush
IPC分类号： H04R500
CPC分类号： H04B1/665 , G10L19/008 , G10L19/04 , H04B1/667 , H04B14/068 , H04S1/007 , H04S3/00
摘要： In the coding and decoding of stereo audio spectral values both the intensity stereo process and prediction are used in order to achieve high data compression. If intensity stereo coding is active in one section of scale factor bands, the prediction for the right channel in that range is deactivated, whereby the results of the prediction are not used to form the coded stereo audio spectral values. To allow further adaptation of the prediction for the right channel, the predictor of the right channel is fed with stereo audio spectral values for the channel, which again are intensity stereo decoded.
摘要翻译：在立体声音频频谱值的编码和解码中，使用强度立体声处理和预测来实现高数据压缩。如果强度立体声编码在比例因子频带的一个部分中有效，则该范围内的右声道的预测被去激活，由此预测结果不用于形成编码的立体声音频频谱值。为了允许对右声道的预测的进一步调整，右声道的预测器被馈送用于声道的立体声音频频谱值，其再次是强度立体声解码。

8. 发明授权

US06975254B1 Methods and devices for coding or decoding an audio signal or bit stream 有权
标题翻译：用于对音频信号或位流进行编码或解码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06975254B1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US09869401
申请日：1998-12-28
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Andreas Ehret , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhaeuser , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Pierre Lauber , Roland Bitto
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Andreas Ehret , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhaeuser , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Pierre Lauber , Roland Bitto
IPC分类号： G10L19/02 , G10L19/032 , H03M7/00 , H03M7/30 , H03M7/40 , H03M13/35 , H04B1/66 , H04H20/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/032 , G10L19/0212 , H03M7/40 , H03M13/35 , H04B1/662
摘要： In a method for coding an audio signal to obtain a coded bit stream, discrete-time samples of the audio signal are transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are coded with a code table having a limited number of code words of different lengths to obtain spectral values coded by code words, the length of a code word assigned to a spectral value being that much shorter the higher the probability of occurrence of the spectral value is. A raster is then specified for the coded bit stream, the raster having equidistant raster points and the distance between the raster points depending on the code table(s) used. In order to obtain error-tolerant Huffman coding, priority code words, which represent particular spectral values which are psychoacoustically more important than other spectral values, are so arranged in the raster that the start of each priority code word coincides with a raster point.
摘要翻译：在用于编码音频信号以获得编码比特流的方法中，音频信号的离散时间采样被变换到频域以获得频谱值。频谱值用具有不同长度的有限数量的码字的码表编码，以获得由码字编码的频谱值，分配给频谱值的码字的长度远短于发生概率的频率值光谱值为。然后为编码比特流指定光栅，光栅具有等距的光栅点，并且根据所使用的代码表，光栅点之间的距离。为了获得容错霍夫曼编码，代表在心理学上比其他频谱值更重要的特定频谱值的优先码字被布置在光栅中，每个优先码字的开始与光栅点重合。

9. 发明授权

US06441755B1 Device and method for entropy encoding of information words and device and method for decoding entropy-encoded information words 有权
标题翻译：用于信息字熵编码的装置和方法，用于解码熵编码信息字的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06441755B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09786614
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： Martin Dietz , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Ralph Sperschneider , Oliver Kunz
发明人： Martin Dietz , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Ralph Sperschneider , Oliver Kunz
IPC分类号： H03M700
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： A method and a device for entropy encoding and associated decoding make use of a code consisting on the one hand of a code table with reversible code words (12) and comprising on the other hand an escape region for information words to be coded which are located outside the region (14) defined by said code table. Said region can be selected in such a way that a major part of the information words is coded with symmetrical code words by the code table. On the one hand, it is thus possible to carry out, in addition to forward decoding, also backward decoding (24) and on the other hand, use of reversible code words allows for rapid recognition of errors in a code word stream transmitted over a non-ideal channel.
摘要翻译：用于熵编码和相关解码的方法和装置利用一方面由具有可逆码字（12）的码表组成的码，另一方面，包括位于所要被编码的信息字的转义区域在由所述代码表定义的区域（14）之外。所述区域可以以这样一种方式进行选择，使得主要部分的信息字通过码表用对称码字编码。一方面，除了正向解码之外，还可以进行反向解码（24），另一方面，可逆的代码字的使用允许快速识别通过非理想渠道

10. 发明授权

US08178016B2 Method for manufacturing a multilayered composite molded part 失效
标题翻译：制造多层复合成型部件的方法
公开(公告)号：US08178016B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-15
申请号：US12129692
申请日：2008-05-30
申请人： Robert H. Sefton , Jochen Werz , Alan Ramsey , Martin Dietz
发明人： Robert H. Sefton , Jochen Werz , Alan Ramsey , Martin Dietz
IPC分类号： B29C43/18
CPC分类号： B32B3/10 , Y10T428/24612
摘要： A method for manufacturing a multilayered composite molded part in a pressing tool, comprises: for a lower layer, particles provided with binder are poured into a mold in a lower part of the pressing tool; a pre-pressed molded part, which has coarser particles than those of the lower layer, is inserted into the first layer; the layers are compressed together with the pre-pressed, inserted molded part under the influence of pressure and heat so as to form the multilayered composite molded part, via the inserted molded part corresponding to the lower layer by means of an upper part of the pressing tool which is guided onto the upper layer. A product manufactured thereby has the form of a multilayered composite molded part with high strength and finely structured outer surfaces or layers and combines within it advantages of various conventional individual products.
摘要翻译：一种在压制工具中制造多层复合模制件的方法，包括：对于下层，将装有粘合剂的颗粒倒入到压制工具的下部的模具中; 将具有比下层更粗糙的颗粒的预压模制件插入第一层中; 在受压和加热的作用下，将层与预先挤压的插入模制部分一起压缩，以便通过压紧的上部部分的对应于下层的插入模制部件形成多层复合模塑部件被引导到上层的工具。由此制造的产品具有高强度和精细结构的外表面或多层的多层复合模制件的形式，并且在其内组合各种常规单独产品的优点。

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