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1. 发明授权

US06441755B1 Device and method for entropy encoding of information words and device and method for decoding entropy-encoded information words 有权
标题翻译：用于信息字熵编码的装置和方法，用于解码熵编码信息字的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06441755B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09786614
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： Martin Dietz , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Ralph Sperschneider , Oliver Kunz
发明人： Martin Dietz , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Ralph Sperschneider , Oliver Kunz
IPC分类号： H03M700
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： A method and a device for entropy encoding and associated decoding make use of a code consisting on the one hand of a code table with reversible code words (12) and comprising on the other hand an escape region for information words to be coded which are located outside the region (14) defined by said code table. Said region can be selected in such a way that a major part of the information words is coded with symmetrical code words by the code table. On the one hand, it is thus possible to carry out, in addition to forward decoding, also backward decoding (24) and on the other hand, use of reversible code words allows for rapid recognition of errors in a code word stream transmitted over a non-ideal channel.
摘要翻译：用于熵编码和相关解码的方法和装置利用一方面由具有可逆码字（12）的码表组成的码，另一方面，包括位于所要被编码的信息字的转义区域在由所述代码表定义的区域（14）之外。所述区域可以以这样一种方式进行选择，使得主要部分的信息字通过码表用对称码字编码。一方面，除了正向解码之外，还可以进行反向解码（24），另一方面，可逆的代码字的使用允许快速识别通过非理想渠道

2. 发明授权

US06975254B1 Methods and devices for coding or decoding an audio signal or bit stream 有权
标题翻译：用于对音频信号或位流进行编码或解码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06975254B1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US09869401
申请日：1998-12-28
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Andreas Ehret , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhaeuser , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Pierre Lauber , Roland Bitto
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Andreas Ehret , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhaeuser , Ali Nowbakht-Irani , Pierre Lauber , Roland Bitto
IPC分类号： G10L19/02 , G10L19/032 , H03M7/00 , H03M7/30 , H03M7/40 , H03M13/35 , H04B1/66 , H04H20/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/032 , G10L19/0212 , H03M7/40 , H03M13/35 , H04B1/662
摘要： In a method for coding an audio signal to obtain a coded bit stream, discrete-time samples of the audio signal are transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are coded with a code table having a limited number of code words of different lengths to obtain spectral values coded by code words, the length of a code word assigned to a spectral value being that much shorter the higher the probability of occurrence of the spectral value is. A raster is then specified for the coded bit stream, the raster having equidistant raster points and the distance between the raster points depending on the code table(s) used. In order to obtain error-tolerant Huffman coding, priority code words, which represent particular spectral values which are psychoacoustically more important than other spectral values, are so arranged in the raster that the start of each priority code word coincides with a raster point.
摘要翻译：在用于编码音频信号以获得编码比特流的方法中，音频信号的离散时间采样被变换到频域以获得频谱值。频谱值用具有不同长度的有限数量的码字的码表编码，以获得由码字编码的频谱值，分配给频谱值的码字的长度远短于发生概率的频率值光谱值为。然后为编码比特流指定光栅，光栅具有等距的光栅点，并且根据所使用的代码表，光栅点之间的距离。为了获得容错霍夫曼编码，代表在心理学上比其他频谱值更重要的特定频谱值的优先码字被布置在光栅中，每个优先码字的开始与光栅点重合。

3. 发明授权

US08046236B2 Apparatus and method for producing a data stream and apparatus and method for reading a data stream 有权
标题翻译：用于产生数据流的装置和方法以及用于读取数据流的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08046236B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US12124525
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
IPC分类号： G10L21/04
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： An entropy encoder includes an apparatus for producing a data stream which comprises two reference points, of code words of variable lengths, the apparatus comprising a first device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a first direction of writing, starting from a first reference point, and a second device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a second direction of writing, which is opposite to the first direction of writing, starting from the other reference point. In particular, when a raster having a plurality of segments is used to write the code words of variable lengths into the data stream, the number of the code words which can be written starting at raster points is doubled, in the best case, such that the data stream of code words of variable lengths is robust toward a propagation of sequence errors.
摘要翻译：熵编码器包括用于产生包括可变长度的码字的两个参考点的数据流的装置，该装置包括用于在第一写入方向上将码字的至少一部分写入数据流的第一装置从第一参考点开始，以及第二装置，用于从另一个参考点开始，以与第一写入方向相反的第二写入方向将码字的至少一部分写入数据流。特别地，当具有多个段的光栅被用于将可变长度的代码字写入数据流时，可以从光栅点开始写入的代码字的数量加倍，最好是使得可变长度的码字的数据流对于序列错误的传播是鲁棒的。

4. 发明授权

US07433825B1 Apparatus and method for producing a data stream and apparatus and method for reading a data stream 有权
标题翻译：用于产生数据流的装置和方法以及用于读取数据流的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07433825B1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-07
申请号：US09913708
申请日：2000-01-17
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
IPC分类号： G10L21/04
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： An entropy encoder includes an apparatus for producing a data stream which comprises two reference points, of code words of variable lengths, the apparatus comprising a first device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a first direction of writing, starting from a first reference point, and a second device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a second direction of writing, which is opposite to the first direction of writing, starting from the other reference point. In particular, when a raster having a plurality of segments is used to write the code words of variable lengths into the data stream, the number of the code words which can be written starting at raster points is doubled, in the best case, such that the data stream of code words of variable lengths is robust toward a propagation of sequence errors.
摘要翻译：熵编码器包括用于产生包括可变长度的码字的两个参考点的数据流的装置，该装置包括用于在第一写入方向上将码字的至少一部分写入数据流的第一装置从第一参考点开始，以及第二装置，用于从另一个参考点开始，以与第一写入方向相反的第二写入方向将码字的至少一部分写入数据流。特别地，当具有多个段的光栅被用于将可变长度的代码字写入数据流时，可以从光栅点开始写入的代码字的数量加倍，最好是使得可变长度的码字的数据流对于序列错误的传播是鲁棒的。

5. 发明申请

US20080219355A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DATA STREAM AND APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR READING A DATA STREAM 有权
标题翻译：用于产生数据流的装置和方法以及用于读取数据流的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080219355A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-11
申请号：US12124525
申请日：2008-05-21
申请人： Ralph SPERSCHNEIDER , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Bohm
发明人： Ralph SPERSCHNEIDER , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Bohm
IPC分类号： H04N7/26
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： An entropy encoder includes an apparatus for producing a data stream which comprises two reference points, of code words of variable lengths, the apparatus comprising a first device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a first direction of writing, starting from a first reference point, and a second device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a second direction of writing, which is opposite to the first direction of writing, starting from the other reference point. In particular, when a raster having a plurality of segments is used to write the code words of variable lengths into the data stream, the number of the code words which can be written starting at raster points is doubled, in the best case, such that the data stream of code words of variable lengths is robust toward a propagation of sequence errors.
摘要翻译：熵编码器包括用于产生包括可变长度的码字的两个参考点的数据流的装置，该装置包括用于在第一写入方向上将码字的至少一部分写入数据流的第一装置从第一参考点开始，以及第二装置，用于从另一个参考点开始，以与第一写入方向相反的第二写入方向将码字的至少一部分写入数据流。特别地，当具有多个段的光栅被用于将可变长度的代码字写入数据流时，可以从光栅点开始写入的代码字的数量加倍，最好是使得可变长度的码字的数据流对于序列错误的传播是鲁棒的。

6. 发明授权

US07003448B1 Method and device for error concealment in an encoded audio-signal and method and device for decoding an encoded audio signal 有权
标题翻译：用于编码音频信号中的错误隐藏的方法和装置，以及用于对编码的音频信号进行解码的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07003448B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-21
申请号：US09980534
申请日：2000-04-12
申请人： Pierre Lauber , Martin Dietz , Juergen Herre , Reinhold Boehm , Ralph Sperschneider , Daniel Homm
发明人： Pierre Lauber , Martin Dietz , Juergen Herre , Reinhold Boehm , Ralph Sperschneider , Daniel Homm
IPC分类号： G10L19/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/005
摘要： In a method for concealing an error in an encoded audio signal a set of spectral coefficients is subdivided into at least two sub-bands (14), whereupon the sub-bands are subjected to a re-verse transform (16). A specific prediction is performed (18) for each quasi time signal of a sub-band to obtain an estimated temporal representation for a sub-band of a set of spectral coefficients following the current set. A forward transform (20) of the time signal of each sub-band provides estimated spectral coefficients which can be used (28) instead of erroneous spectral coefficients of a following set of spectral coefficients, e.g. in order to conceal transmission errors. Transforming at the sub-band level provides independence from transform characteristics such as block length, window type and MDCT algorithm while at the same time preserving spectral processing for error concealment. Thus the spectral characteristics of audio signals can also be taken into account during error concealment.
摘要翻译：在用于隐藏编码音频信号中的错误的方法中，一组频谱系数被细分为至少两个子带（14），于是子带经受逆变换（16）。对于子带的每个准时间信号执行特定的预测（18），以获得在当前集合之后的一组频谱系数的子带的估计时间表示。每个子带的时间信号的正向变换（20）提供可以使用的估计的频谱系数（28），而不是以下的频谱系数集合的错误频谱系数，例如。以掩盖传输错误。在子带级变换提供独立于诸如块长度，窗口类型和MDCT算法的变换特征，同时保留用于错误隐藏的频谱处理。因此，在错误隐藏期间也可以考虑音频信号的频谱特性。

7. 发明授权

US07526432B2 Apparatus and method for producing a data stream and apparatus and method for reading a data stream 有权
标题翻译：用于产生数据流的装置和方法以及用于读取数据流的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07526432B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-28
申请号：US12018136
申请日：2008-01-22
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Böhm
IPC分类号： G01L21/04
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： An entropy encoder includes an apparatus for producing a data stream which comprises two reference points, of code words of variable lengths, the apparatus comprising a first device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a first direction of writing, starting from a first reference point, and a second device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a second direction of writing, which is opposite to the first direction of writing, starting from the other reference point. In particular, when a raster having a plurality of segments is used to write the code words of variable lengths into the data stream, the number of the code words which can be written starting at raster points is doubled, in the best case, such that the data stream of code words of variable lengths is robust toward a propagation of sequence errors.
摘要翻译：熵编码器包括用于产生包括可变长度的码字的两个参考点的数据流的装置，该装置包括用于在第一写入方向上将码字的至少一部分写入数据流的第一装置从第一参考点开始，以及第二装置，用于从另一个参考点开始，以与第一写入方向相反的第二写入方向将码字的至少一部分写入数据流。特别地，当具有多个段的光栅被用于将可变长度的代码字写入数据流时，可以从光栅点开始写入的代码字的数量加倍，最好是使得可变长度的码字的数据流对于序列错误的传播是鲁棒的。

8. 发明申请

US20080111719A1 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A DATA STREAM AND APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR READING A DATA STREAM 有权
公开(公告)号：US20080111719A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US12018136
申请日：2008-01-22
申请人： Ralph SPERSCHNEIDER , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Bohm
发明人： Ralph SPERSCHNEIDER , Martin Dietz , Daniel Homm , Reinhold Bohm
IPC分类号： H03M7/34
CPC分类号： H03M7/40
摘要： An entropy encoder includes an apparatus for producing a data stream which comprises two reference points, of code words of variable lengths, the apparatus comprising a first device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a first direction of writing, starting from a first reference point, and a second device for writing at least a part of a code word into the data stream in a second direction of writing, which is opposite to the first direction of writing, starting from the other reference point. In particular, when a raster having a plurality of segments is used to write the code words of variable lengths into the data stream, the number of the code words which can be written starting at raster points is doubled, in the best case, such that the data stream of code words of variable lengths is robust toward a propagation of sequence errors.

9. 发明授权

US07103554B1 Method and device for generating a data flow from variable-length code words and a method and device for reading a data flow from variable-length code words 有权
标题翻译：用于从可变长度码字生成数据流的方法和装置以及用于从可变长度码字读取数据流的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07103554B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-05
申请号：US09914114
申请日：2000-01-17
申请人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Pierre Lauber , Michael Schug
发明人： Ralph Sperschneider , Martin Dietz , Pierre Lauber , Michael Schug
IPC分类号： G10L19/00 , H04N11/04 , H04N5/91
CPC分类号： H03M7/42
摘要： In a method for producing a data stream of code words of variable lengths which are divided up into a plurality of sets of code words, wherein a raster having segments is specified for the data stream, wherein two adjacent raster points define a segment, code words of the first sets are written into the data stream starting at raster points. Subsequently, code words of the second set are written into the data stream pursuant to a predetermined assignment rule, wherein each code word of the second set is assigned to a different segment. Entire code words or parts of code words which cannot be written according to their assignment, are stored and entered into the data stream in further attempts, wherein the assignment by a predetermined regulation is changed from attempt to attempt. This procedure is analogously repeated for any further set which may be present. Thus, the ends of code words of the second set are decoupled from the starts of following code words of the second set, since the corresponding code words of a set are written segment by segment, which results in a reduction of error propagation.
摘要翻译：在一种用于产生被划分成多组代码字的可变长度的码字的数据流的方法中，其中为数据流指定了具有段的光栅，其中两个相邻的光栅点定义了段，代码字的第一组被写入从光栅点开始的数据流。随后，根据预定的分配规则将第二组的代码字写入数据流，其中第二组的每个代码字被分配给不同的段。根据其分配不能写入的整个码字或代码字的部分被进一步尝试存储并输入到数据流中，其中通过预定调节的分配从尝试改变为尝试。对于可能存在的任何另外的集合，类似地重复该过程。因此，第二组的码字的末端与第二组的后续代码字的开始分离，因为一组的相应代码字逐段写入，这导致误差传播的减少。

10. 发明授权

US06766293B1 Method for signalling a noise substitution during audio signal coding 有权
标题翻译：在音频信号编码期间用信号通知噪声替换的方法
公开(公告)号：US06766293B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US09367775
申请日：1999-08-18
申请人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhäuser
发明人： Jürgen Herre , Uwe Gbur , Andreas Ehret , Martin Dietz , Bodo Teichmann , Oliver Kunz , Karlheinz Brandenburg , Heinz Gerhäuser
IPC分类号： G10L2102
CPC分类号： G10L19/028 , H04B1/665
摘要： In a method for signalling a noise substitution when coding an audio signal, the time-domain audio signal is first transformed into the frequency domain to obtain spectral values. The spectral values are subsequently grouped together to form groups of spectral values. On the basis of a detection establishing whether a group of spectral values is a noisy group or not, a codebook is allocated to a non-noisy or tonal group by means of a codebook number for redundancy coding of the same. If a group is noisy, an additional codebook number which does not refer to a codebook is allocated to it in order to signal that this group is noisy and therefore does not have to be redundancy coded. By signalling noise substitution by means of a Huffman codebook number for noisy groups of spectral values, which are e.g. sections made up of scale factor bands which do not have to be redundancy coded, an opportunity is provided to indicate the presence of a noise substitution in a scale factor band in the bit stream syntax of the MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) Standard without having to interfere with the basic coding structure and without having to meddle with the structure of the existing bit stream syntax.
摘要翻译：在对音频信号编码时用于发信号通知的方法中，首先将时域音频信号变换成频域以获得频谱值。光谱值随后被分组在一起以形成光谱值组。基于确定一组频谱值是否为噪声组的检测，通过用于冗余编码的码本号将码本分配给非噪声或色调组。如果组噪声，则分配不附加码本的附加码本号，以便发信号通知该组噪声，因此不必进行冗余编码。通过用于噪声组的频谱值的霍夫曼码本号对信号进行信号替换，由不必冗余编码的比例因子带组成的部分提供了一种机会，以指示在MPEG-2高级音频编码（AAC）标准的比特流语法中的比例因子频带中存在噪声替换而不必干扰基本编码结构，而不必介入现有比特流语法的结构。

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