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1. 发明授权

US06675199B1 Identification of active server cluster controller 有权
标题翻译：标识活动服务器集群控制器
公开(公告)号：US06675199B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09611318
申请日：2000-07-06
申请人： Farookh P. Mohammed , Nishant V. Dani
发明人： Farookh P. Mohammed , Nishant V. Dani
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L67/1002 , H04L69/40
摘要： A failover algorithm implemented in software, without any failover-specific hardware, that allows servers in a cluster to determine whether a primary or secondary controller is active without requiring communication between the primary and secondary controllers. A server cluster includes several servers coupled to two servers, which are designated as a primary controller and a secondary controller. While the server cluster is operational, either the primary controller or the secondary controller will be actively controlling the cluster. Software running on the servers of the cluster, on the primary controller, and on the secondary controller, cooperates to ensure that each server will properly identify which controller is active at any particular time, including, but not limited to, upon starting up the server cluster, upon adding one or more servers to a cluster that is already operation, and upon failure of an active controller, a server, or a link between an active controller and a server. The failover algorithm includes the following steps performed by each of a group of servers in the cluster for identifying which controller is active: making the server's own assessment of the active controller; and identifying either the primary controller or the secondary controller as a consensus active controller based upon a majority vote of the own assessments by each server in the cluster as to which controller is the active controller.
摘要翻译：在软件中实现的故障转移算法，没有任何特定于故障切换的硬件，允许集群中的服务器确定主控制器或辅助控制器是否处于活动状态，而不需要主控制器和辅助控制器之间的通信。服务器集群包括耦合到两个服务器的几个服务器，它们被指定为主控制器和辅助控制器。当服务器集群运行时，主控制器或辅助控制器将主动控制集群。在集群，主控制器和辅助控制器的服务器上运行的软件协作确保每个服务器在任何特定时间正确地识别哪个控制器处于活动状态，包括但不限于启动服务器在将一个或多个服务器添加到已经在运行的集群上以及主动控制器，服务器或主动控制器与服务器之间的链接失败时，将集群。故障转移算法包括由集群中的一组服务器执行的以下步骤，以识别哪个控制器处于活动状态：使服务器自己对主动控制器进行评估; 并且基于由群集中的每个服务器对于哪个控制器是主动控制器的自己的评估的多数投票，将主控制器或辅助控制器识别为一致的主动控制器。

2. 发明授权

US06763372B1 Load balancing of chat servers based on gradients 有权
标题翻译：基于梯度的聊天服务器的负载平衡
公开(公告)号：US06763372B1
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US09611314
申请日：2000-07-06
申请人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
发明人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L12/1827 , H04L29/1215 , H04L61/1564 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008
摘要： A method for determining a load distribution for a plurality of servers is disclosed. A total user count during a predetermined interval of time is received from each server of a plurality of servers for all channel resources associated with each respective server of the plurality of servers. A present load distribution is determined for the predetermined interval of time for each respective server of the plurality of servers based on the total user count received from each server. A load gradient is determined for the predetermined interval of time from each server of the plurality of servers. A future load distribution is determined for each respective server based on the total user count for each server and each respective load gradient. Lastly, a load distribution for each respective channel resource is distributed among the plurality of servers based on the determined future load distribution for each respective channel resource. The predetermined interval of time is a sliding window of time having a predetermined number of timeslots each having a predetermined timeslot interval. Additionally, a load gradient for a server is based on a difference between the total number of users connected to the server at the end of the predetermined interval of time and the total number of users connected to the server at the beginning of the predetermined interval of time. When a new channel resource is created, an initial estimated weight is assigned to the new channel resource. The new channel resource is then assigned to a selected server of the plurality of servers based on the initial estimated weight associated with the new channel resource and a load distribution associated with each respective server of the plurality of servers.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于确定多个服务器的负载分布的方法。从多个服务器的每个服务器接收与多个服务器中的每个相应服务器相关联的所有信道资源的预定时间间隔内的总用户计数。基于从每个服务器接收的总用户数量，确定多个服务器中的每个服务器的预定时间间隔的当前负载分布。在多个服务器中的每个服务器的预定时间间隔内确定负载梯度。基于每个服务器的总用户数和每个相应的负载梯度，确定每个相应服务器的未来负载分布。最后，基于所确定的每个相应信道资源的未来负载分布，在多个服务器之间分配每个各个信道资源的负载分布。预定的时间间隔是具有预定数量的时隙的滑动窗口，每个时隙具有预定的时隙间隔。此外，服务器的负载梯度基于在预定时间间隔结束时连接到服务器的用户总数与在服务器的预定间隔开始时连接到服务器的总用户数之间的差异时间。当创建新的信道资源时，初始估计权重被分配给新的信道资源。然后，基于与新信道资源相关联的初始估计权重和与多个服务器中的每个相应服务器相关联的负载分布，将新信道资源分配给多个服务器中的选定服务器。

3. 发明授权

US07310802B2 Load balancing of chat servers based on gradients 有权
标题翻译：基于梯度的聊天服务器的负载平衡
公开(公告)号：US07310802B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-18
申请号：US10843400
申请日：2004-05-11
申请人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
发明人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
IPC分类号： G06F9/00 , G06F7/00
CPC分类号： H04L12/1827 , H04L29/1215 , H04L61/1564 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1008
摘要： A method for determining a load distribution for a plurality of servers is disclosed. A total user count during a predetermined interval of time is received from each server of a plurality of servers for all channel resources associated with each respective server of the plurality of servers. A present load distribution is determined for the predetermined interval of time for each respective server of the plurality of servers based on the total user count received from each server. A load gradient is determined for the predetermined interval of time from each server of the plurality of servers. A future load distribution is determined for each respective server based on the total user count for each server and each respective load gradient. Lastly, a load distribution for each respective channel resource is distributed among the plurality of servers based on the determined future load distribution for each respective channel resource. The predetermined interval of time is a sliding window of time having a predetermined number of timeslots each having a predetermined timeslot interval. Additionally, a load gradient for a server is based on a difference between the total number of users connected to the server at the end of the predetermined interval of time and the total number of users connected to the server at the beginning of the predetermined interval of time. When a new channel resource is created, an initial estimated weight is assigned to the new channel resource. The new channel resource is then assigned to a selected server of the plurality of servers based on the initial estimated weight associated with the new channel resource and a load distribution associated with each respective server of the plurality of servers.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于确定多个服务器的负载分布的方法。从多个服务器的每个服务器接收与多个服务器中的每个相应服务器相关联的所有信道资源的预定时间间隔内的总用户计数。基于从每个服务器接收的总用户数量，确定多个服务器中的每个服务器的预定时间间隔的当前负载分布。在多个服务器中的每个服务器的预定时间间隔内确定负载梯度。基于每个服务器的总用户数和每个相应的负载梯度，确定每个相应服务器的未来负载分布。最后，基于所确定的每个相应信道资源的未来负载分布，在多个服务器之间分配每个各个信道资源的负载分布。预定的时间间隔是具有预定数量的时隙的滑动窗口，每个时隙具有预定的时隙间隔。此外，服务器的负载梯度基于在预定时间间隔结束时连接到服务器的用户总数与在服务器的预定间隔开始时连接到服务器的总用户数之间的差异时间。当创建新的信道资源时，初始估计权重被分配给新的信道资源。然后，基于与新信道资源相关联的初始估计权重和与多个服务器中的每个相应服务器相关联的负载分布，将新信道资源分配给多个服务器中的选定服务器。

4. 发明授权

US06675217B1 Recovery of cluster consistency following failover 有权
标题翻译：故障切换后恢复群集一致性
公开(公告)号：US06675217B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09611313
申请日：2000-07-06
申请人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
发明人： Nishant V. Dani , Farookh P. Mohammed
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： H04L12/1827 , G06F11/1658 , G06F11/2023 , H04L67/1002 , H04L69/40
摘要： A technique for maintaining server cluster consistency is disclosed. When a front-end server of a plurality of servers detects that the front-end server has reconnected to a backend server or in the situation of a backend server failover, the front-end server sends resource ownership information to a backend server. The resource ownership information relates to ownership information for each respective resource owned by the front-end server. The back-end server verifies the ownership information for contention with static resources and dynamic resources owned by other servers and sends back verification information to the server. The backend maintains resource ownership information for all the servers in the cluster than sent resources for verification. Based on the received verification information, the server maintains ownership information at the server for each respective resource indicated in the verification information to be owned by the server. The server discards ownership of resources that were verified by the backend server to be not owned by the server. According to another aspect, resource ownership information is received at a backend server from a server of a plurality of servers. The received resource ownership information contains resource ownership information for the server. The received resource ownership information is compared to resource ownership information stored at the backend server. The backend server resolves any contention for a resource and sends verification information to the server. The verification information contains information verifying ownership for each resource indicated by the backend server that is owned by the server.
摘要翻译：公开了一种维护服务器群集一致性的技术。当多个服务器的前端服务器检测到前端服务器已经重新连接到后端服务器或者在后端服务器故障转移的情况下，前端服务器向后端服务器发送资源所有权信息。资源所有权信息涉及前端服务器拥有的每个相应资源的所有权信息。后端服务器使用静态资源和其他服务器拥有的动态资源来验证所有权信息，并将验证信息发送回服务器。后端维护集群中所有服务器的资源所有权信息，而不是发送资源进行验证。基于接收到的验证信息，服务器对服务器拥有的验证信息中指示的每个相应资源在服务器上维护所有权信息。服务器丢弃由后端服务器验证为不属于服务器的资源的所有权。根据另一方面，在后端服务器处从多个服务器的服务器接收资源所有权信息。接收的资源所有权信息包含服务器的资源所有权信息。将接收的资源所有权信息与存储在后端服务器中的资源所有权信息进行比较。后端服务器解决资源的任何争用，并将验证信息发送到服务器。验证信息包含验证由服务器拥有的后端服务器指示的每个资源的所有权的信息。

5. 发明授权

US08402110B2 Remote provisioning of information technology 有权
标题翻译：远程配置信息技术
公开(公告)号：US08402110B2
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US11613917
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Arnold N. Blinn , Christopher W. Brumme , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Galen C. Hunt , James R. Larus , Matthew B. MacLaurin , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
发明人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Arnold N. Blinn , Christopher W. Brumme , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Galen C. Hunt , James R. Larus , Matthew B. MacLaurin , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L67/32 , H04L67/10
摘要： Remote provisioning of an IT network and/or associated services is provided. Hardware, software, service and/or expertise can be moved from on-premise to a remote location (e.g., central, distributed . . . ). Accordingly, at least a large degree computation can be moved to the center to exploit economies of scale, among other things. In such an architecture, computational resources (e.g., data storage, computation power, cache . . . ) can be pooled, and entities can subscribe to a particular level of resources related to a private entity IT network.
摘要翻译：提供IT网络和/或相关服务的远程配置。硬件，软件，服务和/或专业知识可以从内部移动到远程位置（例如，中央，分布式）。因此，除了别的以外，至少大部分的计算可以移动到中心以利用规模经济。在这种架构中，可以汇集计算资源（例如，数据存储，计算能力，高速缓存...），并且实体可以订阅与私有实体IT网络相关的特定资源级别。

6. 发明授权

US07716280B2 State reflection 有权
标题翻译：国家反思
公开(公告)号：US07716280B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11613892
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
发明人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L67/20 , G06Q40/12 , G06Q50/22 , H04L67/28 , H04L67/2842
摘要： The claimed subject matter provides systems and/or methods that facilitate replicating a state associated with a client, user, service, application, and the like. A third party service provider can support any number of services that can be concurrently requested by several clients without user perception of degraded computing performance as compared to conventional systems/techniques due to improved connectivity and mitigated latencies. A replication component can generate replicas of states associated with requested services. Further, the replicas can facilitate seamlessly interacting with the third party service provider (e.g., while transitioning between client devices). Additionally, by providing replicas of the state related information, differing third party service providers can effectuate services based upon a request from a client without regenerating the state.
摘要翻译：所要求保护的主题提供了有助于复制与客户端，用户，服务，应用等相关联的状态的系统和/或方法。与传统的系统/技术相比，由于改进了连接性和缓解延迟，第三方服务提供商可以支持多个客户端可以同时请求的任何数量的服务，而无需用户感知降级的计算性能。复制组件可以生成与请求的服务相关联的状态的副本。此外，副本可以促进与第三方服务提供商的无缝交互（例如，在客户端设备之间转换时）。此外，通过提供状态相关信息的副本，不同的第三方服务提供商可以基于来自客户端的请求来实现服务而不再生状态。

7. 发明申请

US20080082667A1 REMOTE PROVISIONING OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20080082667A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-03
申请号：US11613911
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Arnold N. Blinn , Christopher W. Brumme , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Galen C. Hunt , James R. Larus , Matthew B. MacLaurin , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
发明人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Arnold N. Blinn , Christopher W. Brumme , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Galen C. Hunt , James R. Larus , Matthew B. MacLaurin , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L67/32 , H04L67/10
摘要： Remote provisioning of an IT network and/or associated services is provided. Hardware, software, service and/or expertise can be moved from on-premise to a remote location (e.g., central, distributed . . . ). Accordingly, at least a large degree computation can be moved to the center to exploit economies of scale, among other things. In such an architecture, computational resources (e.g., data storage, computation power, cache . . . ) can be pooled, and entities can subscribe to a particular level of resources related to a private entity IT network.

8. 发明申请

US20080082652A1 STATE REPLICATION 有权
标题翻译：状态复制
公开(公告)号：US20080082652A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-03
申请号：US11536520
申请日：2006-09-28
申请人： William H. Gates , Gary W. Flake , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Chandramohan A. Thekkath , Raymond E. Ozzie , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder
发明人： William H. Gates , Gary W. Flake , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Chandramohan A. Thekkath , Raymond E. Ozzie , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L67/20 , H04L67/28 , H04L67/2842
摘要： The claimed subject matter provides systems and/or methods that facilitate replicating a state associated with a client, user, service, application, and the like. A third party service provider can support any number of services that can be concurrently requested by several clients without user perception of degraded computing performance as compared to conventional systems/techniques due to improved connectivity and mitigated latencies. A replication component can generate replicas of states associated with requested services. Further, the replicas can facilitate seamlessly interacting with the third party service provider (e.g., while transitioning between client devices). Additionally, by providing replicas of the state related information, differing third party service providers can effectuate services based upon a request from a client without regenerating the state.
摘要翻译：所要求保护的主题提供了有助于复制与客户端，用户，服务，应用等相关联的状态的系统和/或方法。与传统的系统/技术相比，由于改进了连接性和缓解延迟，第三方服务提供商可以支持多个客户端可以同时请求的任何数量的服务，而无需用户感知降级的计算性能。复制组件可以生成与请求的服务相关联的状态的副本。此外，副本可以促进与第三方服务提供商的无缝交互（例如，在客户端设备之间转换时）。此外，通过提供状态相关信息的副本，不同的第三方服务提供商可以基于来自客户端的请求来实现服务而不再生状态。

9. 发明申请

US20080082641A1 STATE REFLECTION 有权
标题翻译：国家反思
公开(公告)号：US20080082641A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-03
申请号：US11613892
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
发明人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates , Raymond E. Ozzie , Gary W. Flake , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Alexander G. Gounares , James R. Larus , Debi P. Mishra , Amit Mital , Ira L. Snyder , Chandramohan A. Thekkath
IPC分类号： G06F15/177
CPC分类号： H04L67/20 , G06Q40/12 , G06Q50/22 , H04L67/28 , H04L67/2842
摘要： The claimed subject matter provides systems and/or methods that facilitate replicating a state associated with a client, user, service, application, and the like. A third party service provider can support any number of services that can be concurrently requested by several clients without user perception of degraded computing performance as compared to conventional systems/techniques due to improved connectivity and mitigated latencies. A replication component can generate replicas of states associated with requested services. Further, the replicas can facilitate seamlessly interacting with the third party service provider (e.g., while transitioning between client devices). Additionally, by providing replicas of the state related information, differing third party service providers can effectuate services based upon a request from a client without regenerating the state.
摘要翻译：所要求保护的主题提供了有助于复制与客户端，用户，服务，应用等相关联的状态的系统和/或方法。与传统的系统/技术相比，由于改进了连接性和缓解延迟，第三方服务提供商可以支持多个客户端可以同时请求的任何数量的服务，而无需用户感知降级的计算性能。复制组件可以生成与请求的服务相关联的状态的副本。此外，副本可以促进与第三方服务提供商的无缝交互（例如，在客户端设备之间转换时）。此外，通过提供状态相关信息的副本，不同的第三方服务提供商可以基于来自客户端的请求来实现服务而不再生状态。

10. 发明授权

US08474027B2 Remote management of resource license 有权
标题翻译：远程管理资源许可证
公开(公告)号：US08474027B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US11613332
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Melora Zaner-Godsey
发明人： Henricus Johannes Maria Meijer , William H. Gates, III , Thomas F. Bergstraesser , Lili Cheng , Nishant V. Dani , Daniel S. Glasser , Ira L. Snyder, Jr. , Melora Zaner-Godsey
IPC分类号： H04L9/32
CPC分类号： H04L9/3231 , H04L9/3234 , H04L9/3271 , H04L63/0807 , H04L63/10 , H04L2209/80 , H04L2463/101
摘要： A user-centric or identity-centric resource licensing system that manages access to ‘cloud-based’ resources (e.g., applications and services) is provided. A ‘cloud’ refers to a collection of resources (e.g., hardware and/or software) provided and maintained by an off-site or off-premise party (e.g., third party), wherein the collection of resources can be accessed by an identified user via a network. In accordance with the user-centric licensing model, the resource license (and subscription) rights can migrate with a user without regard to physical location, device used, or other contextual factors (e.g., activity engaged). Effectively, the rights are mapped (and tracked) as a function of a user identity, which can be a core identity or an identity based upon activity engaged, role, capacity, etc.
摘要翻译：提供以用户为中心或以身份为中心的资源许可系统，其管理对“基于云”的资源（例如，应用和服务）的访问。 “云”是指由场外或场外派对（例如，第三方）提供和维护的资源（例如，硬件和/或软件）的集合，其中资源的收集可以被识别的用户通过网络。根据以用户为中心的许可模式，资源许可证（和订阅）权限可以与用户一起迁移，而不考虑物理位置，使用的设备或其他上下文因素（例如，所涉及的活动）。有效地，权利被映射（和跟踪）作为用户身份的功能，其可以是基于活动，角色，能力等的核心身份或身份。

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