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    • 8. 发明授权
    • Circuits for generating a current which is proportional to absolute
temperature
    • 用于产生与绝对温度成比例的电流的电路
    • US5796294A
    • 1998-08-18
    • US667962
    • 1996-06-19
    • Colin L. Perry
    • Colin L. Perry
    • G05F3/30G05F3/26H03F3/34G05F1/10
    • G05F3/265
    • A current reference cell is used to generate stable currents using a voltage reference source such as a band gap reference voltage in order that the output current I.sub.out can be proportional to absolute temperature, making the reference cell suitable for providing the bias current of a bipolar transistor in order that dynamic changes of collector current will be proportional to corresponding changes of base emitter voltage irrespective of temperature. The invention is concerned with rapidly turning off such a current I.sub.out, and a switch such as transistor Q7 is provided which is put into saturation when the reference voltage and hence reference cell are turned off, in order that current decaying via any large capacitor such as C1 connected to the output of the reference cell is diverted through such a switch rather than through the reference cell.
    • 使用电流参考单元来产生使用诸如带隙参考电压的电压参考源的稳定电流,以便输出电流Iout可以与绝对温度成比例,使得参考电池适合于提供双极晶体管的偏置电流 以使集电极电流的动态变化与基极发射极电压的相应变化成正比,而与温度无关。 本发明涉及快速关闭这样的电流Iout,并且提供诸如晶体管Q7的开关,当参考电压和因此的参考电池被关断时,这些开关被置于饱和状态,以便电流通过诸如 连接到参考单元的输出的C1通过这样的开关而不是通过参考单元被转移。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Active filter
    • 有源滤波器
    • US4779056A
    • 1988-10-18
    • US128666
    • 1987-12-04
    • Paul A. MooreColin L. Perry
    • Paul A. MooreColin L. Perry
    • H03H11/12H03H19/00H03F1/34
    • H03H19/004H03H11/126
    • A filter comprises an amplifier circuit arrangement having a signal input (1) and a signal output (8) and a coupling (36) between a point (37) on a signal path (39) to the signal input and a point (38) on a signal path from the signal output. The amplifier circuit arrangement comprises an inverting amplifier (6) to the input (5) of which the signal input (1) is connected via a series impedance (7), e.g. a resistor. A feedback impedance (9), e.g. a capacitor, connects the amplifier output (8) to its input so that this input constitutes a virtual ground. The phase relationship between the input and output signals of such an arrangement changes from inverting to non-inverting at frequencies at which the gain of the amplifier drops to below unity because of forward feed through the feedback impedance (9), thereby upsetting the phase relationship between the signals passing through the arrangement and those passing through the coupling. Accordingly, a further impedance (10), e.g. a capacitance, is provided between the common point ( 11) of the series and feedback impedances and ground. At frequencies at which the amplifier gain is high, this further impedance has virtually no effect because of the virtual ground existing at the common point (11). However, at frequencies at which the amplifier gain drops to unity or below, the virtual ground effect is lost and the further impedance forms a potential divider with the series impedance (7), reducing the proportion of the input signal which can take the direct forward path through the feedback impedance.
    • 滤波器包括具有信号输入(1)和信号输出(8)的放大器电路装置以及信号路径(39)上与信号输入端之间的点(37)和点(38)之间的耦合(36) 在信号输出的信号路径上。 放大器电路装置包括到输入端(5)的反相放大器(6),其中信号输入端(1)经由串联阻抗(7)连接。 一个电阻 反馈阻抗(9),例如 电容器将放大器输出(8)连接到其输入端,使得该输入构成虚拟接地。 这种布置的输入和输出信号之间的相位关系由于通过反馈阻抗(9)的正向馈送而在放大器的增益下降到低于单位的频率处从反相变为非反相,从而使相位关系 通过布置的信号和通过耦合的那些信号。 因此,另外的阻抗(10),例如 在串联的公共点(11)和反馈阻抗和接地之间提供电容。 在放大器增益高的频率处,由于在公共点处存在虚拟地线(11),所以这个进一步的阻抗几乎没有任何影响。 然而,在放大器增益下降到一个或更低的频率下,虚拟接地效应就会消失,另外的阻抗与串联阻抗(7)形成一个分压器,从而减少可以直接向前的输入信号的比例 路径通过反馈阻抗。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Combined current differencing and operational amplifier circuit
    • 组合电流差分和运算放大器电路
    • US5023568A
    • 1991-06-11
    • US540017
    • 1990-06-18
    • Paul A. MooreColin L. PerryJohannes O. Voorman
    • Paul A. MooreColin L. PerryJohannes O. Voorman
    • H03F3/34H03F1/48H03F3/343H03F3/45H03H11/12
    • H03F1/48H03F3/3432H03F3/45071H03F3/45479
    • A combined current difference and operational amplifier circuit (10) for use either as or in a filter embodied in an integrated receiver includes inputs (I.sub.A and I.sub.B) for oppositely phased current signals which are applied to a current mirror circuit formed by first and second NPN transistors (Q1,Q2) having their bases connected to a junction (20). Equal value resistors (R1,R2) are serially connected in the emitter circuits of the first and second transistors, respectively and the current inputs are coupled to the free ends of the resistors. The base-collector path of a third NPN transistor (Q3) is connected between the free end of one of the resistors (R1) and the junction (20). A current difference signal (i.sub.b -i.sub.a) derived from the free end of the other one of the resistors is applied to the virtual ground input of an operational amplifier formed by a common emitter stage (Q4) coupled to an emitter follower (Q5). The operational amplifier has a capacitive (C1) feedback between its output and virtual ground input so that the d.c. potential at said input has no effect on the d.c. operating point of the output.As an alternative, resistive (Rf) feedback may be used instead of the capacitive feedback.Another embodiment (FIG. 2) enables the input and output voltage swings to be increased without unduly degrading the bandwidth.
    • 用于集成接收机中实现的或在滤波器中使用的组合电流差和运算放大器电路(10)包括用于相反相位电流信号的输入(IA和IB),其被施加到由第一和第二NPN形成的电流镜电路 其基极连接到结(20)的晶体管(Q1,Q2)。 等电阻电阻(R1,R2)分别串联连接在第一和第二晶体管的发射极电路中,电流输入耦合到电阻器的自由端。 第三NPN晶体管(Q3)的基极 - 集电极路径连接在电阻器(R1)中的一个的自由端和结(20)之间。 从另一个电阻器的自由端导出的电流差信号(ib-ia)被施加到由耦合到射极跟随器(Q5)的公共发射极级(Q4)形成的运算放大器的虚拟接地输入。 运算放大器在其输出和虚拟接地输入之间具有电容(C1)反馈,使得直流 所述输入的电位对直流电压没有影响。 输出的工作点。 作为替代,可以使用电阻(Rf)反馈来代替电容反馈。 另一实施例(图2)能够增加输入和输出电压摆幅,而不会过度地降低带宽。