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1. 发明授权

US06380747B1 Methods for processing, optimization, calibration and display of measured dielectrometry signals using property estimation grids 有权
标题翻译：使用属性估计网格处理，优化，校准和显示测量的介电电位信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US06380747B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09310507
申请日：1999-05-12
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Markus Zahn , Alexander V. Mamishev , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Markus Zahn , Alexander V. Mamishev , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01R2908
CPC分类号： G01R27/2623
摘要： A method is disclosed for processing, optimization, calibration, and display of measured dielectrometry signals. A property estimator is coupled by way of instrumentation to an electrode structure and translates sensed electromagnetic responses into estimates of one or more preselected properties or dimensions of the material, such as dielectric permittivity and ohmic conductivity, layer thickness, or other physical properties that affect dielectric properties, or presence of other lossy dielectric or metallic objects. A dielectrometry sensor is disclosed which can be connected in various ways to have different effective penetration depths of electric fields but with all configurations having the same air-gap, fluid gap, or shim lift-off height, thereby greatly improving the performance of the property estimators by decreasing the number of unknowns. The sensor geometry consist of a periodic structure with, at any one time, a single sensing element that provides for multiple wavelength within the same sensor footprint.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于处理，优化，校准和显示测量的电导率信号的方法。属性估计器通过仪器耦合到电极结构，并将感测到的电磁响应转换成材料的一个或多个预选属性或尺寸的估计，例如介电常数和欧姆电导率，层厚度或影响电介质的其它物理性质性质或其他有损电介质或金属物体的存在。公开了一种电介质传感器，其可以以各种方式连接以具有不同的有效穿透深度的电场，但是所有构造具有相同的气隙，流体间隙或垫片剥离高度，从而大大提高了性能的性能通过减少未知数的估计。传感器几何形状由周期性结构组成，在任何时间，单个传感元件可在同一传感器覆盖区内提供多个波长。

2. 发明申请

US20120013334A1 Material Property Estimation Using Inverse Interpolation 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用反插值的材料属性估计
公开(公告)号：US20120013334A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-19
申请号：US13247059
申请日：2011-09-28
申请人： Yanko Konstantinov Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker
发明人： Yanko Konstantinov Sheiretov , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Darrell E. Schlicker
IPC分类号： G01R33/07 , G01R33/09
CPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/902
摘要： Magnetic field sensor probes are disclosed which comprise primary or drive windings having a plurality of current carrying segments. The relative magnitude and direction of current in each segment are adjusted so that the resulting interrogating magnetic field follows a desired spatial distribution. By changing the current in each segment, more than one spatial distribution for the magnetic field can be imposed within the same sensor footprint. Example envelopes for the current distributions approximate a sinusoid in Cartesian coordinates or a first-order Bessel function in polar coordinates. One or more sensing elements are used to determine the response of a test material to the magnetic field. These sense elements can be configured into linear or circumferential arrays.
摘要翻译：公开了磁场传感器探针，其包括具有多个载流段的初级或驱动绕组。调整每个段中的电流的相对幅度和方向，使得所得到的询问磁场遵循所需的空间分布。通过改变每个段中的电流，可以在相同的传感器覆盖区内施加多于一个磁场的空间分布。当前分布的示例包络近似于笛卡尔坐标中的正弦波或极坐标中的一阶贝塞尔函数。一个或多个感测元件用于确定测试材料对磁场的响应。这些感测元件可以被配置成线性或圆周阵列。

3. 发明授权

US07876094B2 Magnetic field characterization of stresses and properties in materials 有权
标题翻译：材料应力和性能的磁场表征
公开(公告)号：US07876094B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US12080743
申请日：2008-04-04
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Ian C. Shay , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Robert J. Lyons , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Ian C. Shay , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Robert J. Lyons , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/82 , G01N33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： Described are methods for monitoring of stresses and other material properties. These methods use measurements of effective electrical properties, such as magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity, to infer the state of the test material, such as the stress, temperature, or overload condition. The sensors, which can be single element sensors or sensor arrays, can be used to periodically inspect selected locations, mounted to the test material, or scanned over the test material to generate two-dimensional images of the material properties. Magnetic field or eddy current based inductive and giant magnetoresistive sensors may be used on magnetizable and/or conducting materials, while capacitive sensors can be used for dielectric materials. Methods are also described for the use of state-sensitive layers to determine the state of materials of interest. These methods allow the weight of articles, such as aircraft, to be determined.
摘要翻译：描述了用于监测应力和其他材料性质的方法。这些方法使用诸如磁导率和电导率之类的有效电性能的测量来推断测试材料的状态，例如应力，温度或过载条件。可以使用可以是单元件传感器或传感器阵列的传感器来周期性地检查安装到测试材料上的选定位置，或者在测试材料上扫描以产生材料性质的二维图像。基于磁场或涡电流的感应和巨磁阻传感器可用于可磁化和/或导电材料，而电容传感器可用于介电材料。还描述了使用状态敏感层来确定感兴趣的材料的状态的方法。这些方法允许确定诸如飞机的物品的重量。

4. 发明授权

US07518360B2 Hybrid wound/etched winding constructs for scanning and monitoring 有权
标题翻译：用于扫描和监测的混合伤口/蚀刻绕组结构
公开(公告)号：US07518360B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US11809555
申请日：2007-06-01
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Ian C. Shav , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Ian C. Shav , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046 , G01N27/82
摘要： Combined wound and micro-fabricated winding constructs are described for the inspection of materials and the detection and characterization of hidden features or flaws. These constructs can be configured as sensors or sensor arrays that are surface mounted or scanned over conducting and/or magnetizable test materials. The well-defined geometry obtained micro-fabricated windings and from carefully wound coils with known winding positions permits the use of model based inversions of sensed responses into material properties. In a preferred embodiment, the primary winding is a wound coil and the sense elements are etched or printed. The drive or sense windings can also be mounted under fasteners to improve sensitivity to hidden flaws. Ferrites and other means may be used to guide the magnetic flux and enhance the magnetic field in the test material.
摘要翻译：描述了组合伤口和微制造的缠绕结构，用于材料的检查和隐藏特征或缺陷的检测和表征。这些结构可以配置为在导电和/或可磁化测试材料上进行表面安装或扫描的传感器或传感器阵列。精确定义的几何形状获得微制造的绕组和从已知缠绕位置的小心缠绕的线圈允许使用基于模型的感测响应的反演到材料特性中。在优选实施例中，初级绕组是缠绕线圈，并且感测元件被蚀刻或印刷。驱动或感测绕组也可以安装在紧固件下，以提高对隐藏缺陷的敏感性。可以使用铁氧体等手段来引导磁通量并增强测试材料中的磁场。

5. 发明授权

US07451657B2 Material condition monitoring with multiple sensing modes 有权
标题翻译：物料状态监测与多种感应模式
公开(公告)号：US07451657B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11036780
申请日：2005-01-14
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Volker Weiss , Christopher A. Craven , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Karen E. Walrath , Robert J. Lyons
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Volker Weiss , Christopher A. Craven , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Karen E. Walrath , Robert J. Lyons
IPC分类号： G01B5/30
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： Methods are described for assessing material condition. These methods include the use of multiple source fields for interrogating and loading of a multicomponent test material. Source fields include electric, magnetic, thermal, and acoustic fields. The loading field preferentially changes the material properties of a component of the test material, which allows the properties of the component materials to be separated. Methods are also described for monitoring changes in material state using separate drive and sense electrodes with some of the electrodes positioned on a hidden or even embedded material surface. Statistical characterization of the material condition is performed with sensor arrays that provide multiple responses for the material condition during loading. The responses can be combined into a statistical population that permits tracking with respect to loading history. Methods are also described for measuring the stress in the material by independently estimating effective electrical properties, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, using layered models or predetermined spatial distributions with depth that are then correlated with the stress.
摘要翻译：描述了评估材料状况的方法。这些方法包括使用多个源字段来询问和加载多组分测试材料。源场包括电，磁，热和声场。加载场优先改变测试材料的组分的材料性质，这允许分离组分材料的性质。还描述了用于使用单独的驱动和感测电极来监测材料状态的变化的方法，其中一些电极位于隐藏的或甚至嵌入的材料表面上。使用传感器阵列进行材料状态的统计表征，这些传感器阵列在加载期间为材料状态提供多个响应。响应可以组合成允许跟踪加载历史的统计数据。还描述了通过使用分层模型或具有深度的预定空间分布独立地估计有效电特性（例如磁导率或导电性）来测量材料中的应力的方法，然后与应力相关联。

6. 发明申请

US20080258720A1 Hybrid wound/etched winding constructs for scanning and monitoring 有权
标题翻译：用于扫描和监测的混合伤口/蚀刻绕组结构
公开(公告)号：US20080258720A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11809555
申请日：2007-06-01
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Ian C. Shav , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Ian C. Shav , Mark D. Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , David C. Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046 , G01N27/82
摘要： Combined wound and micro-fabricated winding constructs are described for the inspection of materials and the detection and characterization of hidden features or flaws. These constructs can be configured as sensors or sensor arrays that are surface mounted or scanned over conducting and/or magnetizable test materials. The well-defined geometry obtained micro-fabricated windings and from carefully wound coils with known winding positions permits the use of model based inversions of sensed responses into material properties. In a preferred embodiment, the primary winding is a wound coil and the sense elements are etched or printed. The drive or sense windings can also be mounted under fasteners to improve sensitivity to hidden flaws. Ferrites and other means may be used to guide the magnetic flux and enhance the magnetic field in the test material.
摘要翻译：描述了组合伤口和微制造的缠绕结构，用于材料的检查和隐藏特征或缺陷的检测和表征。这些结构可以配置为在导电和/或可磁化测试材料上进行表面安装或扫描的传感器或传感器阵列。精确定义的几何形状获得微制造的绕组和从已知缠绕位置的小心缠绕的线圈允许使用基于模型的感测响应的反演到材料特性中。在优选实施例中，初级绕组是缠绕线圈，并且感测元件被蚀刻或印刷。驱动或感测绕组也可以安装在紧固件下，以提高对隐藏缺陷的敏感性。可以使用铁氧体等手段来引导磁通量并增强测试材料中的磁场。

7. 发明授权

US07280940B2 Segmented field dielectric sensor array for material characterization 有权
标题翻译：用于材料表征的分段场介质传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US07280940B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US11371315
申请日：2006-03-07
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Yanko K Sheiretov , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Yanko K Sheiretov , Andrew P. Washabaugh , David C. Grundy , Vladimir A. Zilberstein
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G01N22/00
摘要： The condition of insulating and semiconducting dielectric materials is assessed by a sensor array that uses electric fields to interrogate the test material. The sensor has a linear array of parallel drive conductors interconnected to form a single drive electrode and sense conductors placed on each side of and parallel to a drive conductor. Subsets of the sense conductors are interconnected to form at least two sense elements sensitive to different material regions. The sense conductors may be at different distances to the drive conductors, enabling measurement sensitivity to different depths into the test material. The material condition is assessed directly from the sense element responses or after conversion to an effective material property, such as an electrical conductivity or dielectric permittivity.
摘要翻译：绝缘和半导体介电材料的条件通过使用电场询问测试材料的传感器阵列来评估。传感器具有互连以形成单个驱动电极的线性阵列和放置在驱动导体的平行于驱动导体的每一侧上的感测导体。感测导体的子集互连以形成对不同材料区域敏感的至少两个感测元件。感测导体可以距离驱动导体不同的距离，使测量灵敏度不同于测试材料的深度。材料条件直接由感应元件响应或转换为有效材料性质（如导电率或介电常数）进行评估。

8. 发明授权

US07161350B2 Method for material property monitoring with perforated, surface mounted sensors 有权
标题翻译：具有穿孔，表面安装传感器的材料性能监测方法
公开(公告)号：US07161350B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10633905
申请日：2003-08-04
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Clark , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , William M. Chepolis , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , David C. Clark , Karen E. Walrath , Volker Weiss , William M. Chepolis , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/90 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Material condition monitoring may be performed by electromagnetic sensors and sensor arrays mounted to the material surface. The sensors typically have a periodic winding or electrode structure that creates a periodic sensing field when driven by an electrical signal. The sensors can be thin and flexible so that they conform to the surface of the test material. They can also be mounted such that they do not significantly modify the environmental exposure conditions for the test material, such as by creating stand-off gaps between the sensor and material surface or by perforating the sensor substrate.
摘要翻译：材料状态监测可以由安装在材料表面的电磁传感器和传感器阵列执行。传感器通常具有周期性的绕组或电极结构，其在由电信号驱动时产生周期性感测场。这些传感器可以是薄而灵活的，以使它们符合测试材料的表面。它们也可以被安装成使得它们不会显着地改变测试材料的环境暴露条件，例如通过在传感器和材料表面之间产生隔离间隙或通过穿孔传感器基板。

9. 发明授权

US07049811B2 Test circuit having parallel drive segments and a plurality of sense elements 有权
标题翻译：测试电路具有平行的驱动段和多个感测元件
公开(公告)号：US07049811B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-23
申请号：US10876002
申请日：2004-06-23
申请人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Mark Windoloski
发明人： Darrell E. Schlicker , Neil J. Goldfine , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Karen E. Walrath , Ian C. Shay , David C. Grundy , Mark Windoloski
IPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01N27/82 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9033 , G01N27/82 , G01N27/902 , G01N27/904
摘要： A test circuit having a drive winding with parallel conducting segments and a plurality of sense elements used for the nondestructive measurement of materials. The drive winding segments have extended portions and are driven by a time varying electric current to impose a magnetic field in the test material. Sense elements are distributed in a direction parallel to the extended portions of these drive segments, with separate connections provided to each sense element. A second plurality of sense elements may also be distributed parallel to the extended portions of the drive windings, being either aligned or offset from a first plurality of sense elements.
摘要翻译：一种测试电路，具有具有平行导电段的驱动绕组和用于材料的非破坏性测量的多个感测元件。驱动绕组段具有延伸部分并且由时变电流驱动以在测试材料中施加磁场。感测元件沿平行于这些驱动段的延伸部分的方向分布，其中单独的连接提供给每个感测元件。第二组多个感测元件也可以平行于驱动绕组的延伸部分分布，与第一多个感测元件对准或偏移。

10. 发明授权

US06952095B1 Surface mounted and scanning spatially periodic eddy-current sensor arrays 有权
标题翻译：表面安装和扫描空间周期性涡流传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US06952095B1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-04
申请号：US09666524
申请日：2000-09-20
申请人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil J. Goldfine , Darrell E. Schlicker , Andrew P. Washabaugh , Vladimir A. Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/90 , G01R33/12 , G01N27/82 , G01N27/72
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Inductive sensors measure the near surface properties of conducting and magnetic material. A sensor may have primary windings with parallel extended winding segments to impose a spatially periodic magnetic field in a test material. Those extended portions may be formed by adjacent portions of individual drive coils. Sensing elements provided every other half wavelength may be connected together in series while the sensing elements in adjacent half wavelengths are spatially offset. Certain sensors include circular segments which create a circularly symmetric magnetic field that is periodic in the radial direction. Such sensors are particularly adapted to surround fasteners to detect cracks and can be mounted beneath a fastener head. In another sensor, sensing windings are offset along the length of parallel winding segments to provide material measurements over different locations when the circuit is scanned over the test material. The distance from the sensing elements to the ends of the primary winding may be kept constant as the offset space in between sensing elements is varied. An image of the material properties can be provided as the sensor is scanned across the material.
摘要翻译：感应传感器测量导电和磁性材料的近表面性质。传感器可以具有平行延伸的绕组段的初级绕组，以在测试材料中施加空间周期的磁场。这些延伸部分可以由各个驱动线圈的相邻部分形成。每隔一半波长提供的感测元件可以串联连接在一起，而相邻半波长中的感测元件在空间上偏移。某些传感器包括产生在径向周期性的圆形对称磁场的圆形段。这种传感器特别适于围绕紧固件以检测裂缝并且可以安装在紧固件头部下方。在另一个传感器中，感测绕组沿着平行绕组段的长度偏移，以便在电路扫描测试材料时，通过不同位置提供材料测量。当感测元件之间的偏移空间变化时，从感测元件到初级绕组的端部的距离可以保持恒定。当传感器跨越材料扫描时，可以提供材料特性的图像。

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