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    • 1. 发明申请
    • CONTENT-AWARE CONGESTION CONTROL SYSTEM
    • 内容识别控制系统
    • US20080186852A1
    • 2008-08-07
    • US11672155
    • 2007-02-07
    • Muhammad Rehan SamiAbdul WaheedSadiq Sait Mohammad
    • Muhammad Rehan SamiAbdul WaheedSadiq Sait Mohammad
    • H04L12/56
    • H04L45/00H04L45/306H04L45/50H04L47/10H04L47/12H04L47/2408H04L47/2441H04L47/32
    • A content-aware congestion control scheme for software MPLS routers enables the MPLS routers to discard packets with less important content when there is congestion in the network. By employing such content-aware congestion control, the overall quality of multimedia content is not significantly affected, enabling graceful degradation of quality using a Wavelet based compression technique. The MPLS router marks wavelet-based compressed multimedia packets as those containing important or less important contents of compressed and encoded frames. Such markings enable the MPLS router to make decisions according to the packet's priority. At times of congestion, this router restricts the rate of outgoing low priority traffic to allow high priority streams to maintain a gracefully degraded QoS for compressed multimedia content.
    • 软件MPL​​S路由器的内容感知拥塞控制方案使MPLS路由器能够在网络拥塞时丢弃具有不太重要内容的数据包。 通过采用这样的内容感知拥塞控制,多媒体内容的整体质量不会受到很大的影响,从而能够使用基于小波的压缩技术来优化质量的降级。 MPLS路由器将基于小波的压缩多媒体分组标记为包含压缩和编码帧的重要或不太重要内容的分组。 这样的标记使MPLS路由器可以根据报文的优先级做出决定。 在拥塞时,该路由器限制传出的低优先级流量的速率,以允许高优先级流维持压缩多媒体内容的适度降级的QoS。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Content-aware congestion control system
    • 内容感知拥塞控制系统
    • US07688725B2
    • 2010-03-30
    • US11672155
    • 2007-02-07
    • Muhammad Rehan SamiAbdul WaheedSadiq Sait Mohammad
    • Muhammad Rehan SamiAbdul WaheedSadiq Sait Mohammad
    • G01R31/08
    • H04L45/00H04L45/306H04L45/50H04L47/10H04L47/12H04L47/2408H04L47/2441H04L47/32
    • A content-aware congestion control scheme for software MPLS routers enables the MPLS routers to discard packets with less important content when there is congestion in the network. By employing such content-aware congestion control, the overall quality of multimedia content is not significantly affected, enabling graceful degradation of quality using a Wavelet based compression technique. The MPLS router marks wavelet-based compressed multimedia packets as those containing important or less important contents of compressed and encoded frames. Such markings enable the MPLS router to make decisions according to the packet's priority. At times of congestion, this router restricts the rate of outgoing low priority traffic to allow high priority streams to maintain a gracefully degraded QoS for compressed multimedia content.
    • 软件MPL​​S路由器的内容感知拥塞控制方案使MPLS路由器能够在网络拥塞时丢弃具有不太重要内容的数据包。 通过采用这种内容感知拥塞控制,多媒体内容的整体质量不会受到很大的影响,从而使用基于小波的压缩技术实现了质量的优雅降级。 MPLS路由器将基于小波的压缩多媒体分组标记为包含压缩和编码帧的重要或不太重要内容的分组。 这样的标记使MPLS路由器可以根据报文的优先级做出决定。 在拥塞时,该路由器限制传出的低优先级流量的速率,以允许高优先级流维持压缩多媒体内容的适度降级的QoS。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • ORGANELLE BIOELECTRODES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME
    • 有机生物电池及其制造和使用方法
    • US20120138485A1
    • 2012-06-07
    • US13301773
    • 2011-11-21
    • Shelley MinteerAbdul Waheed
    • Shelley MinteerAbdul Waheed
    • G01N27/327B05D5/12G01N33/50
    • G01N33/5076
    • A method for monitoring the metabolic state of an organelle in the presence of a potential organelle modulating agent is disclosed. A first organelle-modified bioelectrode is provided that is electrically coupled to a second electrode of opposite polarity in a circuit. The first bioelectrode is contacted with an aqueous carrier containing a biologically acceptable electrolyte and an effective amount of a potential organelle modulating agent and an effective amount of an organelle substrate. The substrate is reacted at the bioelectrode to form an ionic product that is released into the aqueous carrier-containing electrolyte to thereby provide a current at the second electrode when the circuit is closed. A metabolic flux data set is obtained during the reaction and is compared to a control metabolic flux data set obtained under the same conditions in the absence of the organelle modulating agent, thereby determining the metabolic state of the organelle.
    • 公开了在潜在的细胞器调节剂存在下监测细胞器的代谢状态的方法。 提供了在电路中电耦合到具有相反极性的第二电极的第一细胞器改性的生物电极。 将第一生物电极与含有生物可接受的电解质和有效量的潜在的细胞器调节剂和有效量的细胞器底物的含水载体接触。 衬底在生物电极处反应形成离子产物,其释放到含水载体的电解质中,从而当电路闭合时在第二电极处提供电流。 在反应期间获得代谢通量数据集,并与在不存在细胞器调节剂的相同条件下获得的对照代谢通量数据集进行比较,从而确定细胞器的代谢状态。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method for improving chemiluminescent signal
    • 改善化学发光信号的方法
    • US07674629B2
    • 2010-03-09
    • US12049131
    • 2008-03-14
    • Abdul WaheedMichael A. Moxley
    • Abdul WaheedMichael A. Moxley
    • G01N21/76G01N31/00
    • G01N21/76Y10T436/10Y10T436/108331Y10T436/206664Y10T436/2525
    • The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for improving a chemiluminescent signal. In particular, a reaction buffer with an alkaline pH range of about 9 to 10 provides a maximal chemiluminescent intensity and longevity of luminol that is catalyzed by superoxide anions. The addition of carbonate to the reaction buffer provides an optimal signal to background ratio and stability of a chemiluminescent signal from luminol catalyzed by superoxide anions. The method includes preparing a buffer with an alkaline pH, combining the buffer with a working reagent to produce and detect a chemiluminescent signal. The working reagent includes luminol, a coumaric acid and a peroxide. The composition includes a buffer having a pH from about 9 to about 10, a stock reagent comprising luminol, a coumaric acid, a peroxide, and a second buffer having a pH of about 8.5.
    • 本发明涉及用于改善化学发光信号的组合物和方法。 特别地,碱性pH范围为约9至10的反应缓冲液提供由超氧化物阴离子催化的鲁米诺的最大化学发光强度和寿命。 向反应缓冲液中加入碳酸酯提供了由超氧化物阴离子催化的来自鲁米诺的化学发光信号的最佳信号与背景比和稳定性。 该方法包括制备具有碱性pH的缓冲液,将缓冲液与工作试剂组合以产生和检测化学发光信号。 工作试剂包括鲁米诺,香豆酸和过氧化物。 该组合物包括pH为约9至约10的缓冲液,包含鲁米诺,香豆酸,过氧化物和pH为约8.5的第二缓冲液的原料试剂。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Organelle bioelectrodes and methods of making and using the same
    • 细胞器生物电极及其使用方法
    • US08845879B2
    • 2014-09-30
    • US13301773
    • 2011-11-21
    • Shelley MinteerAbdul Waheed
    • Shelley MinteerAbdul Waheed
    • G01N27/327B05D5/12G01N33/50
    • G01N33/5076
    • A method for monitoring the metabolic state of an organelle in the presence of a potential organelle modulating agent is disclosed. A first organelle-modified bioelectrode is provided that is electrically coupled to a second electrode of opposite polarity in a circuit. The first bioelectrode is contacted with an aqueous carrier containing a biologically acceptable electrolyte and an effective amount of a potential organelle modulating agent and an effective amount of an organelle substrate. The substrate is reacted at the bioelectrode to form an ionic product that is released into the aqueous carrier-containing electrolyte to thereby provide a current at the second electrode when the circuit is closed. A metabolic flux data set is obtained during the reaction and is compared to a control metabolic flux data set obtained under the same conditions in the absence of the organelle modulating agent, thereby determining the metabolic state of the organelle.
    • 公开了在潜在的细胞器调节剂存在下监测细胞器的代谢状态的方法。 提供了在电路中电耦合到具有相反极性的第二电极的第一细胞器改性的生物电极。 将第一生物电极与含有生物可接受的电解质和有效量的潜在的细胞器调节剂和有效量的细胞器底物的含水载体接触。 衬底在生物电极处反应形成离子产物,其释放到含水载体的电解质中,从而当电路闭合时在第二电极处提供电流。 在反应期间获得代谢通量数据集,并与在不存在细胞器调节剂的相同条件下获得的对照代谢通量数据集进行比较,从而确定细胞器的代谢状态。