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    • 9. 发明授权
    • Corrosion monitoring
    • 腐蚀监测
    • US5139627A
    • 1992-08-18
    • US272693
    • 1990-11-14
    • David A. EdenDavid G. JohnJohn L. Dawson
    • David A. EdenDavid G. JohnJohn L. Dawson
    • G01N17/00G01N17/02
    • G01N17/02
    • A method and apparatus for detecting and measuring localized corrosion of a metallic surface is described. An array of electrodes fabricated from the same material as the metallic surface is exposed to the same corrosion conditions as the metallic surface. The coupling current between two electrodes of the array is measured, and the electrochemical current noise originating in the electrode array is measured. The two measurements are compared, the electrochemical current noise increasing as compared to the coupling current as the degree to which corrosion is localized increases. The electrochemical current noise originating in the coupled array electrode and the associated electrochemical corrosion potential noise are produced by the natural corrosion processes. The corrosion current is measured by comparison or correlation of the electrochemical current noise and the electrochemical potential noise, the electrochemical potential being measured by means of a third electrode in the array, a reference electrode or a relatively inert electrode. Comparison or correlation of the electrochemical potential noise to the electrochemical current noise provides a resistive noise or impedance, which is inversely proportional to the corrosion current. The corrosion measurement or metal penetration rate is then obtained from the measured corrosion current, as provided by the resistive noise or impedance noise determination, but modified by the degree of localization, as measured by the electrochemical current noise and coupling current determinations.
    • PCT No.PCT / GB87 / 00310 Sec。 371日期1990年11月14日第 102(e)1990年11月14日日期PCT提交1987年5月11日PCT公布。 第WO87 / 07022号公报 日期:1987年11月19日。描述了用于检测和测量金属表面的局部腐蚀的方法和装置。 由与金属表面相同的材料制成的电极阵列暴露于与金属表面相同的腐蚀条件。 测量阵列的两个电极之间的耦合电流,并测量源自电极阵列的电化学电流噪声。 比较两个测量结果,与腐蚀局部化程度相比,耦合电流的电化学电流噪声增加。 源自耦合的阵列电极的电化学电流噪声和相关的电化学腐蚀电位噪声是由天然腐蚀过程产生的。 腐蚀电流通过电化学电流噪声和电化学电位噪声的比较或相关性来测量,电化学电位通过阵列中的第三电极,参考电极或相对惰性电极测量。 电化学势噪声与电化学电流噪声的比较或相关性提供了电阻噪声或阻抗,其与腐蚀电流成反比。 然后根据电阻噪声或阻抗噪声测定提供的测量腐蚀电流获得腐蚀测量或金属渗透率,但是通过电化学电流噪声和耦合电流测定测量的定位程度进行修改。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Scored panel
    • 评分面板
    • US5030045A
    • 1991-07-09
    • US519798
    • 1990-05-07
    • John L. DawsonDavid L. Bridges
    • John L. DawsonDavid L. Bridges
    • B44F11/06E04F13/16
    • E04F13/16B44F11/06Y10T409/303752
    • A scored wall panel provides shallow grooves to simulate installed wall tile or the like. The shallow grooves are provided with an inner concave wall having a radius of curvature substantially exceeding the thickness of the panel and corners tangentially intersecting the inner wall having a radius of curvature substantially less than the thickness of the panel. The panel thickness varies from one location to another and the grooves are formed so that the variations in thickness of the panel do not cause variations in the width of the grooves. Further, the grooves are sufficiently shallow so that the material of the panel extending past the groove maintains necessary panel strength. The edges of the radiused corners remote from the inner surface of the grooves extend substantially perpendicular to the faces of the panel and are spaced from the rearward face of the panel by a distance substantially equal to the minimum thickness of the panel. The grooves provide surfaces substantially perpendicular to the panel faces extending from the front face to the adjacent edges of the radiused corners along those portions of the panel which have a thickness greater than the minimum thickness thereof. The panel is particularly suited where sanitation requires that the grooves can be easily and effectively cleaned, such as along kitchen and bathroom walls.
    • 刻痕墙板提供浅槽以模拟安装的墙砖等。 浅槽设置有内凹壁,其具有基本上超过面板厚度的曲率半径,并且与内壁相切切线的角部具有基本上小于面板厚度的曲率半径。 面板厚度从一个位置到另一个位置不同,并且形成凹槽,使得面板的厚度变化不会引起凹槽宽度的变化。 此外,凹槽足够浅,使得延伸通过凹槽的面板的材料保持所需的面板强度。 远离槽的内表面的圆角的边缘基本上垂直于面板的表面延伸,并且与面板的后表面间隔大致等于面板的最小厚度。 凹槽提供基本上垂直于面板表面的表面,所述表面沿着具有大于其最小厚度的厚度的板的那些部分从正面延伸到圆角拐角的相邻边缘。 面板特别适用于卫生要求可以容易且有效地清洁凹槽,例如沿着厨房和浴室墙壁。