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1. 发明授权

US06306530B1 System for preventing gas pocket formation in a PEM coolant flow field 有权
标题翻译：用于防止PEM冷却剂流场中气袋形成的系统
公开(公告)号：US06306530B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-23
申请号：US09141086
申请日：1998-08-27
申请人： Melanie A Blondin , Robin J. Guthrie , Richard D. Sawyer , Deliang Yang , Robert R. Fredley
发明人： Melanie A Blondin , Robin J. Guthrie , Richard D. Sawyer , Deliang Yang , Robert R. Fredley
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291
摘要： A PEM flow field system of coolant medium for preventing the formation and accumulation of gas bubbles, having a critical viscous pressure drop therein is provided. The water transport plate includes a coolant flow field channel therein having an input port and an exit port. The coolant flow field channel includes at least one upward flow channel portion, at least one downward flow channel portion. Coolant medium is fluidly routed through the coolant flow field channel of the water transport plate at a flow rate which results in a viscous pressure drop that is greater than the buoyancy of a gas bubble trapped within the coolant flow field channel to prevent the accumulation thereof within the coolant flow field channel.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于防止在其中具有临界粘性压降的气泡的形成和积聚的冷却剂介质的PEM流场系统。水输送板包括其中具有输入端口和出口的冷却剂流场通道。冷却剂流动通道包括至少一个向上流动通道部分，至少一个向下流动通道部分。冷却剂介质以流速流体地流过水输送板的冷却剂流场通道，该流速导致粘滞的压降大于在冷却剂流场通道内捕获的气泡的浮力，以防止其内积聚冷却液流场通道。

2. 发明授权

US06858336B2 Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system using air purge 有权
标题翻译：使用空气吹扫关闭燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US06858336B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-22
申请号：US10305300
申请日：2002-11-26
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M20060101 , H01M8/00 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04228 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system includes disconnecting the primary electricity using device and stopping the flow of hydrogen containing fuel to the anode, followed by quickly displacing the residual hydrogen with air by blowing air through the anode fuel flow field. A sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with air eliminates the need for purging with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
摘要翻译：关闭操作燃料电池系统的过程包括断开主电力使用装置并阻止含氢燃料流向阳极，随后通过吹入空气通过阳极燃料流场快速地将空气置换为空气。用空气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了用诸如氮气的惰性气体吹扫的需要。

3. 发明授权

US07410712B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge 有权
标题翻译：使用燃料吹扫启动燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US07410712B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US11073207
申请日：2005-03-05
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M8/00 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

4. 发明授权

US07250229B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
标题翻译：启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US07250229B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
申请人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

5. 发明授权

US06887599B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge 有权
标题翻译：使用燃料吹扫启动燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US06887599B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-03
申请号：US10305301
申请日：2002-11-26
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

6. 发明申请

US20110039178A1 Fuel cell having a hydrophilic substrate layer 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有亲水基底层的燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US20110039178A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-17
申请号：US12925217
申请日：2010-10-14
申请人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
发明人： Timothy A. Bekkedahl , Lawrence J. Bregoli , Ned E. Cipollini , Timothy W. Patterson , Marianne Pemberton , Jonathan Puhalski , Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Jung S. Yi
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0245 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A fuel cell power plant (10) includes a fuel cell (12) having a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) (16), disposed between an anode support plate (14) and a cathode support plate (18), the anode and/or cathode support plates include a hydrophilic substrate layer (80, 82) having a predetermined pore size. The pressure of the reactant gas streams (22, 24) is greater than the pressure of the coolant stream (26), such that a greater percentage of the pores within the hydrophilic substrate layer contain reactant gas rather than water. Any water that forms on the cathode side of the MEA will migrate through the cathode support plate and away from the MEA. Controlling the pressure also ensures that the coolant water will continually migrate from the coolant stream toward the anode side of the MEA, thereby preventing the membrane from becoming dry. Proper pore size and a pressure differential between coolant and reactants improves the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell.
摘要翻译：燃料电池发电厂（10）包括具有设置在阳极支撑板（14）和阴极支撑板（18）之间的膜电极组件（MEA）（16））的燃料电池（12），阳极和/或阴极支撑板包括具有预定孔径的亲水基底层（80,82）。反应物气体流（22,24）的压力大于冷却剂流（26）的压力，使得亲水基底层内的较大百分比的孔含有反应物气体而不是水。在MEA的阴极侧形成的任何水将通过阴极支撑板迁移并远离MEA。控制压力还可确保冷却水从冷却剂流向MEA的阳极侧连续迁移，从而防止膜变干。冷却剂和反应物之间适当的孔径和压力差提高了燃料电池的电效率。

7. 发明授权

US06455183B1 Vacuum oxidant PEM fuel cell 有权
标题翻译：真空氧化剂PEM燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US06455183B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-24
申请号：US09741279
申请日：2000-12-19
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/2485 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/2415 , H01M8/2475 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： Reactant air is drawn through a fuel cell stack (11) by a pump (38) connected to the air exhaust manifold (29). The fuel exhaust (19, 43) may be connected to the air exhaust (39) before either being released to atmosphere through a duct (44), or consumed in a catalytic converter (47). The fuel cell power plant may be disposed within a casing (52) so that the fuel exhaust (55) and/or all fuel leaks may mix with the fresh incoming air (56, 59) and be reacted on the cathode catalysts to form water. A fuel cell (10c) may have a low profile configuration suitable for mounting beneath the passenger compartment of an automobile.
摘要翻译：反应物空气通过连接到排气歧管（29）的泵（38）从燃料电池堆（11）中抽出。在通过管道（44）释放到大气之前或在催化转化器（47）中消耗的燃料排出口（19,43）可以连接到排气口（39）。燃料电池发电厂可以设置在壳体（52）内，使得燃料排出（55）和/或所有燃料泄漏可以与新鲜进入的空气（56,59）混合并且在阴极催化剂上反应以形成水。燃料电池（10c）可以具有适于安装在汽车的乘客舱下方的低轮廓构造。

8. 发明授权

US4769297A Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack water management system 失效
标题翻译：固体聚合物电解质燃料电池堆水管理系统
公开(公告)号：US4769297A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US121008
申请日：1987-11-16
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/24 , H01M2/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/242 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： Water is fed into the fuel cell stack in the hydrogen reactant stream. Some of the water is evaporated in the cells to cool the stack, and some of the water migrates through the stack from cell to cell. The water migration is the result of the water being dragged from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte membrane and by the use of porous hydrophilic separator plates being interposed between adjacent cells in the stack. Water is forced through these porous separator plates by means of a reactant pressure differential maintained between the cathode and anode. The anode support plates provide a large surface area from which water is evaporated to perform the cooling function.
摘要翻译：水在氢反应物流中进料到燃料电池堆中。一些水在细胞中蒸发以冷却堆叠，并且一些水从细胞迁移到细胞堆叠。水迁移是水从阳极通过电解质膜被拖到阴极，并且通过使用插入堆叠中的相邻电池之间的多孔亲水隔板来实现的。通过保持在阴极和阳极之间的反应物压力差将水强制通过这些多孔隔板。阳极支撑板提供大的表面积，水从其中蒸发以执行冷却功能。

9. 发明授权

US5270132A Minimized corrosion fuel cell device and a method of making the same 失效
标题翻译：最小化腐蚀性燃料电池装置及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5270132A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US813469
申请日：1991-12-26
申请人： Richard D. Breault , Anthony P. Mientek , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Richard D. Breault , Anthony P. Mientek , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/0289 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A carbon-based material substrate of a cathode electrode of an acid electrolyte fuel cell is made corrosion resistant by depositing a material that is nonwettable by the electrolyte on that major surface of the substrate which carries a catalyst layer all over except for its edge regions to cover such major surface at least at one of those of its edge regions which are exposed to an oxidizing gas during the operation of the fuel cell, but advantageously also at an additional one of its edge regions that is remote from the one edge region but is also exposed to an oxidizing gas during the operation of the fuel cell. The corrosion resistance can be further improved by extending the catalyst layer of the anode electrode on all sides beyond the cathode catalyst layer.
摘要翻译：酸性电解质燃料电池的阴极电极的碳基材料基板通过在基板的主表面上沉积不可润湿的电解质的材料而制成耐腐蚀性，所述基材的主要表面除了其边缘区域以外还具有催化剂层，在燃料电池运行期间至少在其边缘区域的至少一个暴露于氧化气体的那些主表面上，但有利地还在其远离一个边缘区域的另外一个边缘区域中，但是在燃料电池的操作期间也暴露于氧化气体。通过将阳极电极的催化剂层在阴极催化剂层的所有侧面上延伸，可以进一步提高耐腐蚀性。

10. 发明授权

US4755439A Fuel cell configuration for contaminated fuel gases and method of using the same 失效
标题翻译：污染燃料气体的燃料电池配置及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US4755439A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-05
申请号：US32202
申请日：1987-03-25
申请人： John C. Trocciola , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： John C. Trocciola , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/08 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/04014
摘要： The fuel cell system is adapted to be able to operate with oxygen-contaminated hydrogen-rich fuel gases without experiencing undesirably high temperature hot spots on the fuel cell electrodes. Oxygen in the fuel gas is catalytically burned in areas of the electrodes where no electrochemical reaction occurs. The oxygen content of the fuel gases is thus reduced to an acceptable level before the fuel gases flow over the portions of the electrodes which are electrochemically active. Anode exhaust can also be partially recirculated into the anode inlet to mix with incoming fuel gas thereby preliminarily diluting the amount of oxygen in the incoming fuel gases.

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