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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Preparation of aldehydes
    • 醛的制备
    • US5679869A
    • 1997-10-21
    • US567749
    • 1995-12-05
    • Werner SchnurrRolf FischerJoachim Wulff-DoringMichael Hesse
    • Werner SchnurrRolf FischerJoachim Wulff-DoringMichael Hesse
    • B01J23/10B01J23/06C07B61/00C07C45/41C07C47/02C07C47/105C07C47/14C07C47/19C07C47/198C07C47/228C07C47/28
    • B01J23/06C07C45/41
    • A process for preparing aldehydes of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -alkylphenyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -phenylalkyl and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are joined together to form a 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered cycloaliphatic ring, R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are each C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, phenoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino or halogen, and R.sup.1 is additionally hydroxyl or amino comprises reacting a carboxylic acid or ester of the general formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each as defined above, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -alkylphenyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.12 -phenylalkyl, with hydrogen in the gas phase at temperatures from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. and pressures from 0.1 to 20 bar in the presence of a catalyst whose catalytically active mass comprises from 60 to 99.9% by weight of zirconium oxide and from 0.1 to 40% by weight of one or more elements of the lanthanides.
    • 制备通式I(I)的醛的方法,其中R1,R2和R3各自为氢,C1-C6烷基,C3-C8-环烷基,芳基,C7-C12-烷基苯基,C7-C12- 苯基烷基和R 1和R 2连接在一起形成3-,4-,5-,6-或7-元环脂族环,R 1和R 3各自为C 1 -C 4 - 烷氧基,苯氧基,甲基氨基,二甲基氨基或卤素,R 1 另外羟基或氨基包括使通式II(II)的羧酸或酯与其中R 1,R 2和R 3各自如上所定义,R 4是氢,C 1 -C 6烷基,C 3 -C 8 - 环烷基,芳基,C 7 -C 12 - 烷基苯基或C 7 -C 12 - 苯基烷基,在气相中的氢气在200-450℃的温度和0.1至20巴的压力下,在催化剂存在下,其催化活性质量包含 60至99.9重量%的氧化锆和0.1至40重量%的一种或多种镧系元素。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Preparation of aliphatic alpha omega-aminonitriles
    • 脂肪族α-ω-氨基腈的制备
    • US5801268A
    • 1998-09-01
    • US846240
    • 1997-04-28
    • Klemens FlickJohann-Peter MelderWerner SchnurrKlaus EbelTom WitzelWolfgang HarderAlwin RehfingerRolf Fischer
    • Klemens FlickJohann-Peter MelderWerner SchnurrKlaus EbelTom WitzelWolfgang HarderAlwin RehfingerRolf Fischer
    • B01J23/76B01J23/78B01J23/889B01J37/02C07C253/30C07C255/24C07C255/03
    • B01J23/76B01J23/78B01J23/8892B01J23/8898B01J37/0201C07C253/30
    • Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which (a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and (b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that the component (a) is not based on iron or iron and one of the metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium and rhodium when (b) is a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, chromium and molybdenum, and with the further proviso that, when a compound based on only ruthenium or rhodium or ruthenium and rhodium or nickel and rhodium is selected as component (a), the promoter (b) may be dispensed with.
    • 脂肪族α,ω-氨基腈通过脂肪族α,ω-二腈在升高的温度和超大气压下,在溶剂和催化剂存在下通过包括使用(a)含有基于化合物的催化剂 在选自镍,钴,铁,钌和铑的金属上,和(b)含有基于(a)0.01至25重量%的基于选自以下的金属的促进剂: 钯,铂,铱,锇,铜,银,金,铬,钼,钨,锰,铼,锌,镉,铅,铝,锡,磷,砷,锑,铋和稀土金属和(c) 基于(a),基于碱金属或碱土金属的化合物为0至5重量%,条件是组分(a)不以铁或铁为基准,并且所选择的金属之一 来自由钴,钌和铑组成的组 母体(b)是基于选自钛,锰,铬和钼的金属的促进剂,进一步的条件是当仅基于钌或铑或钌和铑或镍和铑的化合物为 作为组分(a)选择,可以不用启动子(b)。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Preparation of amines and aminonitriles
    • 胺和氨基腈的制备
    • US5789621A
    • 1998-08-04
    • US693983
    • 1996-08-08
    • Werner SchnurrGuido VoitKlemens FlickRolf-Hartmuth Fischer
    • Werner SchnurrGuido VoitKlemens FlickRolf-Hartmuth Fischer
    • B01J23/78B01J23/94B01J27/187B01J27/28B01J38/10C07B43/04C07B61/00C07C20060101C07C209/48C07C209/52C07C211/12C07C211/35C07C253/30C07C255/24C07C209/02
    • C07C209/48C07C209/52
    • A process for preparing an NH.sub.2 -containing compound by hydrogenating a compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-nitrogen bond with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst at temperatures not below room temperature and elevated hydrogen partial pressure in the presence or absence of a solvent which process includes the following steps: a) using a catalyst comprising a cobalt- and/or iron-containing catalyst, and b) after the conversion based on the compound to be hydrogenated and/or the selectivity based on the desired product has or have dropped below a defined value or the amount of an unwanted by-product has risen beyond a defined value, interrupting the hydrogenation by stopping the feed of the compound to be hydrogenated and of the solvent, if used, c) treating the catalyst at from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C. with hydrogen using a hydrogen pressure within the range from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a treatment time within the range from 2 to 48 h, and d) subsequently continuing the hydrogenation of the compound containing at least one unsaturated carbon-nitrogen bond.
    • 在催化剂存在下,在不低于室温和升高的氢分压的情况下,在存在或不存在溶剂的情况下,通过氢化含有至少一个不饱和碳 - 氮键的化合物与氢气来制备含NH 2的化合物的方法, 方法包括以下步骤:a)使用包含含钴和/或含铁催化剂的催化剂,和b)基于待氢化的化合物转化后,和/或基于所需产物的选择性具有或已经下降 低于定义的值或不想要的副产物的量已经超过定义的值,如果使用,则通过停止待氢化化合物的进料和溶剂的中断氢化,c)在150℃下处理催化剂 在氢气压力为0.1〜30MPa,处理时间为2〜48h的范围内,使氢气变为400℃,d)随后继续进行水压 该化合物含有至少一个不饱和碳 - 氮键。