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1. 发明授权

US06591194B1 Vertical 1-D inversion with thin layers of equal thickness 有权
标题翻译：垂直1-D反转，厚度相同的薄层
公开(公告)号：US06591194B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US09794963
申请日：2001-02-27
申请人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser , Otto Fanini , Jiaqi Xiao
发明人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser , Otto Fanini , Jiaqi Xiao
IPC分类号： G01V318
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Measurements made by a multicomponent logging tool in a borehole are inverted to obtain horizontal and vertical resistivities of a formation traversed by the borehole. The model includes layers of equal thickness, each layer having a horizontal resistivity and a vertical resistivity. For a vertical borehole, the inversion is done by first iteratively obtaining the horizontal resistivities of the layer using the Hzz component of the data wherein in successive steps of the iteration, the horizontal resistivity for each layer is multiplied by a ratio of a model Hzz output to the measured Hzz. The vertical resistivity model is set equal to the derived horizontal resistivities and the iterative process is repeated using the ratio of the model Hxx output to the measured Hxx. A similar process is used for boreholes with a known inclination. For such an inclined borehole, the two horizontal components Hxx and Hyy are summed to give a horizontal measurement Hxxyy that is independent of tool rotation. The first step uses a ratio of the model Hzz output to the measured Hzz data to obtain an apparent resistivity, and, in the second step, the ratio of the model Hxxyy output and the measured Hxyy data are used along with a known relationship between the apparent resistivity and the horizontal and vertical resistivities in an iterative manner. No Jacobians or gradients are necessary in the method, so that computational times are small relative to prior art gradient methods.
摘要翻译：通过钻孔中的多组分测井工具进行的测量被反转，以获得由井眼穿过的地层的水平和垂直电阻率。该模型包括相同厚度的层，每层具有水平电阻率和垂直电阻率。对于垂直钻孔，通过首先使用数据的Hzz分量迭代地获得层的水平电阻率来进行反演，其中在迭代的连续步骤中，每层的水平电阻乘以模型Hzz输出的比率到测量的Hzz。将垂直电阻率模型设置为等于导出的水平电阻率，并使用Hxx输出模型与测量的Hxx的比值重复迭代过程。类似的工艺用于具有已知倾角的钻孔。对于这样的倾斜钻孔，两个水平分量Hxx和Hyy相加得到一个与工具旋转无关的水平测量Hxxyy。第一步使用Hzz型输出与测量的Hzz数据的比率来获得视电阻率，并且在第二步中，使用模型Hxxyy输出和测量的Hxyy数据的比率以及已知的关系视电阻率和水平和垂直电阻率的迭代方式。在该方法中不需要Jacobian或梯度，因此相对于现有技术的梯度方法，计算时间较小。

2. 发明授权

US07043370B2 Real time processing of multicomponent induction tool data in highly deviated and horizontal wells 有权
标题翻译：在高度偏斜和水平井中实时处理多组分感应工具数据
公开(公告)号：US07043370B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-09
申请号：US10652762
申请日：2003-08-29
申请人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser , Otto Fanini
发明人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser , Otto Fanini
IPC分类号： G01V3/18
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： A method is discussed for obtaining resistivity values in a horizontal or highly-deviated wellbore penetrating an anisotropic formation layer. Multi-component data is obtained from the formation layer. An initial value of horizontal and vertical resistivity can be determined by using a whole space model and assuming an isotropic layer. Revised values of the vertical and horizontal resistivities are obtained through a first and second inversion process. A first inversion is performed on the horizontal resistivity, holding a value of vertical resistivity constant. A second inversion is performed on the vertical resistivity, holding a value of horizontal resistivity constant. These inversions are iterated until a desired convergence is achieved.
摘要翻译：讨论了一种在穿透各向异性形成层的水平或高偏差井眼中获得电阻率值的方法。从成层层获得多组分数据。水平和垂直电阻率的初始值可以通过使用整个空间模型并假设各向同性层来确定。通过第一和第二反演过程获得垂直和水平电阻率的修正值。对水平电阻率执行第一次反转，保持垂直电阻率常数值。对垂直电阻率进行第二次反转，保持水平电阻率的常数。迭代这些反转，直到实现所需的收敛。

3. 发明授权

US07336080B2 Method and apparatus for use of the real component of a magnetic field of multicomponent resistivity measurements 有权
标题翻译：使用多组分电阻率测量的磁场的实际分量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07336080B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-26
申请号：US10994830
申请日：2004-11-22
申请人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser
发明人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser
IPC分类号： G01V3/10
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Multi-component induction measurements are made using a resistivity logging tool in an anistropic earth formation. A subset of the multi-component measurements are inverted to first determine horizontal resistivities. Using the determined horizontal resistivities and another subset of the multi-component measurements, the vertical resistivities are obtained. Results of using the in-phase signals are comparable to those obtained using multifrequency focusing of quadrature signals.
摘要翻译：多分量感应测量使用电磁测井工具在无水土层中进行。多组分测量的子集被反转以首先确定水平电阻率。使用确定的水平电阻率和多分量测量的另一子集，获得垂直电阻率。使用同相信号的结果与使用正交信号的多频聚焦获得的结果相当。

4. 发明授权

US07737697B2 Method and apparatus for use of the real component of a magnetic field of multicomponent resistivity measurements 有权
标题翻译：使用多组分电阻率测量的磁场的实际分量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07737697B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US12014586
申请日：2008-01-15
申请人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser
发明人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshäuser
IPC分类号： G01V3/10
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： Multi-component induction measurements are made using a resistivity logging tool in an anistropic earth formation. A subset of the multi-component measurements are inverted to first determine horizontal resistivities. Using the determined horizontal resistivities and another subset of the multi-component measurements, the vertical resistivities are obtained. Results of using the in-phase signals are comparable to those obtained using multifrequency focusing of quadrature signals.
摘要翻译：多分量感应测量使用电磁测井工具在无水土层中进行。多组分测量的子集被反转以首先确定水平电阻率。使用确定的水平电阻率和多分量测量的另一子集，获得垂直电阻率。使用同相信号的结果与使用正交信号的多频聚焦获得的结果相当。

5. 发明授权

US06618676B2 Efficient and accurate pseudo 2-D inversion scheme for multicomponent induction log data 有权
标题翻译：用于多组分感应日志数据的高效准确的伪2-D反演方案
公开(公告)号：US06618676B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US10060108
申请日：2002-01-29
申请人： Berthold Kriegshauser , Steve McWilliams , Otto Fanini , Liming Yu
发明人： Berthold Kriegshauser , Steve McWilliams , Otto Fanini , Liming Yu
IPC分类号： G01V326
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V11/00
摘要： A fast, efficient and accurate pseudo 2-D inversion scheme for resistivity determination of an anisotropic formation uses data from a tool (3DEX) comprising three transmitters and three corresponding receivers sampling the formation in a plurality of spatial directions. An initial model of the formation including invasion zones is obtained using a conventional multifrequency and/or multispacing logging tool. A pseudo 2-D inversion scheme combines an accurate full 2-D forward solution of the synthetic responses of the earth model with a 1-D approximation of the sensitivity matrix of the horizontally layered anisotropic background model. The timesaving compared to a regular 2-D inversion scheme can be tremendous. The applicability of this scheme is important in cases when borehole and near-zone effects do not allow an interpretation based on 1-D inversion. A comparison of the pseudo 2-D inversion scheme versus a full 2-D inversion using a realistic synthetic example shows that the pseudo 2-D inversion scheme performs as well as the full 2-D inversion, but in a much shorter time.
摘要翻译：用于各向异性形成的电阻率确定的快速，有效和准确的伪2-D反演方案使用来自包括三个发射器和三个对应的接收器的工具（3DEX）的数据，该三个发射器和三个对应的接收器在多个空间方向上对地层进行采样。使用常规的多频和/或多分段测井工具获得包括入侵区的地层的初始模型。伪2-D反演方案将地球模型的合成响应的准确的全2-D向前解与水平分层各向异性背景模型的灵敏度矩阵的1-D近似相结合。与普通2-D反演方案相比，时间可以是巨大的。当井眼和近区效应不允许基于1-D反演的解释时，该方案的适用性是重要的。使用实际的合成实例，伪2-D反演方案与全2-D反转的比较表明，伪2-D反演方案与完整的2-D反转相同，但是在更短的时间内。

6. 发明授权

US06885947B2 Method for joint interpretation of multi-array induction and multi-component induction measurements with joint dip angle estimation 失效
标题翻译：用联合倾角估计法联合解释多阵列感应和多分量感应测量的方法
公开(公告)号：US06885947B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US10186927
申请日：2002-07-01
申请人： Jiaqi Xiao , Berthold Kriegshauser , Otto Fanini , Liming Yu , Gulamabbas A. Merchant
发明人： Jiaqi Xiao , Berthold Kriegshauser , Otto Fanini , Liming Yu , Gulamabbas A. Merchant
IPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/38 , G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G01V3/38
摘要： Data are acquired using multi-array logging tool in a borehole having an angle of inclination to a normal to the bedding plane of earth formations. The multi-array measurements are filtered using angle dependent filters to give a filtered curve corresponding to a target one of the multi-array measurements using angle dependent filters. Correlation coefficients are determined for a set of possible dip angles and a relative dip angle is estimated from the correlation coefficients. This dip angle estimate together with bed boundaries obtained from the multi-array measurements are used for inverting multi-component measurements alone or jointly with multi-array measurements to refine the relative dip angle interpretation and give horizontal and vertical formation resistivity.
摘要翻译：使用钻井中的多阵列测井工具获取数据，该井眼具有与地层层层平面垂直的倾斜角。使用角度相关滤波器对多阵列测量进行滤波，以使用与角度相关的滤波器对应于多阵列测量中的目标一个滤波曲线。对于一组可能的倾角确定相关系数，并且根据相关系数估计相对倾角。这种倾斜角度估计以及从多阵列测量获得的床边界用于单独或与多阵列测量联合反转多分量测量，以细化相对倾角解释并给出水平和垂直地层电阻率。

7. 发明申请

US20070236221A1 Method and Apparatus for the Use of Multicomponent Induction Tool for Geosteering and Formation Resistivity Data Interpretation in Horizontal Wells 有权
标题翻译：使用多组分感应工具进行水平井中地质导向和形成电阻率数据解释的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070236221A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US11758390
申请日：2007-06-05
申请人： Gulamabbas Merchant , Otto Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Liming Yu
发明人： Gulamabbas Merchant , Otto Fanini , Berthold Kriegshauser , Liming Yu
IPC分类号： G01V3/18
CPC分类号： E21B47/022 , G01V3/28
摘要： Measurements made with a multicomponent logging instrument when used in a substantially horizontal borehole in earth formations are diagnostic of the direction of beds relative to the position of the borehole. When the logging instrument is conveyed on a drilling assembly, the drilling trajectory may be maintained to follow a predetermined trajectory or to maintain a desired distance from a boundary such as an oil-water contact. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b)
摘要翻译：使用多组分测井仪器在地层中基本上水平的井眼中进行的测量是相对于钻孔位置的床的方向的诊断。当测井仪器在钻井组件上传送时，钻井轨迹可以被维持以遵循预定轨迹或者保持与诸如油 - 水接触的边界的期望距离。要强调的是，该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则，这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。提交它的理解是，它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。 37 CFR 1.72（b）

8. 发明申请

US20070257679A1 Method and Apparatus for a Multi-component Induction Instrument Measuring System for Geosteering and Formation Resistivity Data Interpretation in Horizontal, Vertical and Deviated Wells 有权
标题翻译：用于水平，垂直和偏斜井的地质导向和形成电阻率数据解释的多组分感应仪器测量系统的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070257679A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-08
申请号：US11780364
申请日：2007-07-19
申请人： Otto Fanini , Stanislav Forgang , Berthold Kriegshauser , Liming Yu
发明人： Otto Fanini , Stanislav Forgang , Berthold Kriegshauser , Liming Yu
IPC分类号： G01V3/00 , G01V3/12
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： An improved induction tool for formation resistivity evaluations. The tool provides electromagnetic transmitters and sensors suitable for transmitting and receiving magnetic fields in radial directions that are orthogonal to the tool's longitudinal axis with minimal susceptibility to errors associated with parasitic eddy currents induced in the metal components surrounding the transmitter and receiver coils. Various transmitter receiver combinations are provided to select sensitivity to a desired reservoir formation properties, for example, different orientations xy, xz, yz, 20-40, 20-90, and combinations, such as, Symmetric-symmetric; Asymmetric-symmetric; and Asymmetric-asymmetric. Measurements made with a multi-component logging instrument when used in a substantially horizontal, vertical or deviated borehole in earth formations are diagnostic of the direction of resistive beds relative to the position of the borehole. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b)
摘要翻译：改进的地层电阻率评估感应工具。该工具提供电磁发射器和传感器，适用于在与工具的纵向轴线正交的径向方向上发射和接收磁场，对与发射器和接收器线圈周围的金属部件中感应的寄生涡流有关的误差的影响最小。提供各种发射器接收器组合以选择对期望的储层形成性质的灵敏度，例如不同取向xy，xz，yz，20-40,20-90以及诸如对称对称的组合; 不对称; 和非对称不对称。使用多组分测井仪器在地层中基本上水平，垂直或偏斜的钻孔中进行的测量是电阻床相对于钻孔位置的方向的诊断。要强调的是，该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则，这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。提交它的理解是，它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。 37 CFR 1.72（b）

9. 发明申请

US20050049792A1 Real time processing of multicomponent induction tool data in highly deviated and horizontal wells 有权
标题翻译：在高度偏斜和水平井中实时处理多组分感应工具数据
公开(公告)号：US20050049792A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-03
申请号：US10652762
申请日：2003-08-29
申请人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshauser , Otto Fanini
发明人： Liming Yu , Berthold Kriegshauser , Otto Fanini
IPC分类号： G01V3/28 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： A method is discussed for obtaining resistivity values in a horizontal or highly-deviated wellbore penetrating an anisotropic formation layer. Multi-component data is obtained from the formation layer. An initial value of horizontal and vertical resistivity can be determined by using a whole space model and assuming an isotropic layer. Revised values of the vertical and horizontal resistivities are obtained through a first and second inversion process. A first inversion is performed on the horizontal resistivity, holding a value of vertical resistivity constant. A second inversion is performed on the vertical resistivity, holding a value of horizontal resistivity constant. These inversions are iterated until a desired convergence is achieved.
摘要翻译：讨论了一种在穿透各向异性形成层的水平或高偏差井眼中获得电阻率值的方法。从成层层获得多组分数据。水平和垂直电阻率的初始值可以通过使用整个空间模型并假设各向同性层来确定。通过第一和第二反演处理获得垂直和水平电阻率的修正值。对水平电阻率执行第一次反转，保持垂直电阻率常数值。对垂直电阻率进行第二次反转，保持水平电阻率的常数。迭代这些反转，直到实现所需的收敛。

10. 发明授权

US09539370B2 Medical device using sulfonated neutralized polymers with reduced adhesion of biological fluids 有权
标题翻译：使用磺化中和聚合物的医疗设备降低生物流体的粘附力
公开(公告)号：US09539370B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-10
申请号：US12546973
申请日：2009-08-25
申请人： Robert R. Gallucci , Jan Henk Kamps , Jon M. Malinoski , Liming Yu
发明人： Robert R. Gallucci , Jan Henk Kamps , Jon M. Malinoski , Liming Yu
IPC分类号： A61L27/18 , A61L31/06 , A61L29/06
CPC分类号： A61L31/06 , A61L27/18 , A61L29/06 , C08L67/04 , C08L69/00
摘要： A medical article having neutralized sulfonic acid groups on its surface, is disclosed. The article has reduced interaction with biological fluids such as insulin, human growth hormone and human serum albumin.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在其表面上中和磺酸基的医疗制品。该文章减少了与生物流体如胰岛素，人生长激素和人血清白蛋白的相互作用。

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