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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Efficient and accurate pseudo 2-D inversion scheme for multicomponent induction log data
    • 用于多组分感应日志数据的高效准确的伪2-D反演方案
    • US06618676B2
    • 2003-09-09
    • US10060108
    • 2002-01-29
    • Berthold KriegshauserSteve McWilliamsOtto FaniniLiming Yu
    • Berthold KriegshauserSteve McWilliamsOtto FaniniLiming Yu
    • G01V326
    • G01V3/28G01V11/00
    • A fast, efficient and accurate pseudo 2-D inversion scheme for resistivity determination of an anisotropic formation uses data from a tool (3DEX) comprising three transmitters and three corresponding receivers sampling the formation in a plurality of spatial directions. An initial model of the formation including invasion zones is obtained using a conventional multifrequency and/or multispacing logging tool. A pseudo 2-D inversion scheme combines an accurate full 2-D forward solution of the synthetic responses of the earth model with a 1-D approximation of the sensitivity matrix of the horizontally layered anisotropic background model. The timesaving compared to a regular 2-D inversion scheme can be tremendous. The applicability of this scheme is important in cases when borehole and near-zone effects do not allow an interpretation based on 1-D inversion. A comparison of the pseudo 2-D inversion scheme versus a full 2-D inversion using a realistic synthetic example shows that the pseudo 2-D inversion scheme performs as well as the full 2-D inversion, but in a much shorter time.
    • 用于各向异性形成的电阻率确定的快速,有效和准确的伪2-D反演方案使用来自包括三个发射器和三个对应的接收器的工具(3DEX)的数据,该三个发射器和三个对应的接收器在多个空间方向上对地层进行采样。 使用常规的多频和/或多分段测井工具获得包括入侵区的地层的初始模型。 伪2-D反演方案将地球模型的合成响应的准确的全2-D向前解与水平分层各向异性背景模型的灵敏度矩阵的1-D近似相结合。 与普通2-D反演方案相比,时间可以是巨大的。 当井眼和近区效应不允许基于1-D反演的解释时,该方案的适用性是重要的。 使用实际的合成实例,伪2-D反演方案与全2-D反转的比较表明,伪2-D反演方案与完整的2-D反转相同,但是在更短的时间内。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • Method and Apparatus for a Multi-component Induction Instrument Measuring System for Geosteering and Formation Resistivity Data Interpretation in Horizontal, Vertical and Deviated Wells
    • 用于水平,垂直和偏斜井的地质导向和形成电阻率数据解释的多组分感应仪器测量系统的方法和装置
    • US20070257679A1
    • 2007-11-08
    • US11780364
    • 2007-07-19
    • Otto FaniniStanislav ForgangBerthold KriegshauserLiming Yu
    • Otto FaniniStanislav ForgangBerthold KriegshauserLiming Yu
    • G01V3/00G01V3/12
    • G01V3/28
    • An improved induction tool for formation resistivity evaluations. The tool provides electromagnetic transmitters and sensors suitable for transmitting and receiving magnetic fields in radial directions that are orthogonal to the tool's longitudinal axis with minimal susceptibility to errors associated with parasitic eddy currents induced in the metal components surrounding the transmitter and receiver coils. Various transmitter receiver combinations are provided to select sensitivity to a desired reservoir formation properties, for example, different orientations xy, xz, yz, 20-40, 20-90, and combinations, such as, Symmetric-symmetric; Asymmetric-symmetric; and Asymmetric-asymmetric. Measurements made with a multi-component logging instrument when used in a substantially horizontal, vertical or deviated borehole in earth formations are diagnostic of the direction of resistive beds relative to the position of the borehole. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b)
    • 改进的地层电阻率评估感应工具。 该工具提供电磁发射器和传感器,适用于在与工具的纵向轴线正交的径向方向上发射和接收磁场,对与发射器和接收器线圈周围的金属部件中感应的寄生涡流有关的误差的影响最小。 提供各种发射器接收器组合以选择对期望的储层形成性质的灵敏度,例如不同取向xy,xz,yz,20-40,20-90以及诸如对称对称的组合; 不对称; 和非对称不对称。 使用多组分测井仪器在地层中基本上水平,垂直或偏斜的钻孔中进行的测量是电阻床相对于钻孔位置的方向的诊断。 要强调的是,该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则,这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。 提交它的理解是,它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。 37 CFR 1.72(b)
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Vertical 1-D inversion with thin layers of equal thickness
    • 垂直1-D反转,厚度相同的薄层
    • US06591194B1
    • 2003-07-08
    • US09794963
    • 2001-02-27
    • Liming YuBerthold KriegshäuserOtto FaniniJiaqi Xiao
    • Liming YuBerthold KriegshäuserOtto FaniniJiaqi Xiao
    • G01V318
    • G01V3/28
    • Measurements made by a multicomponent logging tool in a borehole are inverted to obtain horizontal and vertical resistivities of a formation traversed by the borehole. The model includes layers of equal thickness, each layer having a horizontal resistivity and a vertical resistivity. For a vertical borehole, the inversion is done by first iteratively obtaining the horizontal resistivities of the layer using the Hzz component of the data wherein in successive steps of the iteration, the horizontal resistivity for each layer is multiplied by a ratio of a model Hzz output to the measured Hzz. The vertical resistivity model is set equal to the derived horizontal resistivities and the iterative process is repeated using the ratio of the model Hxx output to the measured Hxx. A similar process is used for boreholes with a known inclination. For such an inclined borehole, the two horizontal components Hxx and Hyy are summed to give a horizontal measurement Hxxyy that is independent of tool rotation. The first step uses a ratio of the model Hzz output to the measured Hzz data to obtain an apparent resistivity, and, in the second step, the ratio of the model Hxxyy output and the measured Hxyy data are used along with a known relationship between the apparent resistivity and the horizontal and vertical resistivities in an iterative manner. No Jacobians or gradients are necessary in the method, so that computational times are small relative to prior art gradient methods.
    • 通过钻孔中的多组分测井工具进行的测量被反转,以获得由井眼穿过的地层的水平和垂直电阻率。 该模型包括相同厚度的层,每层具有水平电阻率和垂直电阻率。 对于垂直钻孔,通过首先使用数据的Hzz分量迭代地获得层的水平电阻率来进行反演,其中在迭代的连续步骤中,每层的水平电阻乘以模型Hzz输出的比率 到测量的Hzz。 将垂直电阻率模型设置为等于导出的水平电阻率,并使用Hxx输出模型与测量的Hxx的比值重复迭代过程。 类似的工艺用于具有已知倾角的钻孔。 对于这样的倾斜钻孔,两个水平分量Hxx和Hyy相加得到一个与工具旋转无关的水平测量Hxxyy。 第一步使用Hzz型输出与测量的Hzz数据的比率来获得视电阻率,并且在第二步中,使用模型Hxxyy输出和测量的Hxyy数据的比率以及已知的关系 视电阻率和水平和垂直电阻率的迭代方式。 在该方法中不需要Jacobian或梯度,因此相对于现有技术的梯度方法,计算时间较小。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Real time processing of multicomponent induction tool data in highly deviated and horizontal wells
    • 在高度偏斜和水平井中实时处理多组分感应工具数据
    • US07043370B2
    • 2006-05-09
    • US10652762
    • 2003-08-29
    • Liming YuBerthold KriegshäuserOtto Fanini
    • Liming YuBerthold KriegshäuserOtto Fanini
    • G01V3/18
    • G01V3/28
    • A method is discussed for obtaining resistivity values in a horizontal or highly-deviated wellbore penetrating an anisotropic formation layer. Multi-component data is obtained from the formation layer. An initial value of horizontal and vertical resistivity can be determined by using a whole space model and assuming an isotropic layer. Revised values of the vertical and horizontal resistivities are obtained through a first and second inversion process. A first inversion is performed on the horizontal resistivity, holding a value of vertical resistivity constant. A second inversion is performed on the vertical resistivity, holding a value of horizontal resistivity constant. These inversions are iterated until a desired convergence is achieved.
    • 讨论了一种在穿透各向异性形成层的水平或高偏差井眼中获得电阻率值的方法。 从成层层获得多组分数据。 水平和垂直电阻率的初始值可以通过使用整个空间模型并假设各向同性层来确定。 通过第一和第二反演过程获得垂直和水平电阻率的修正值。 对水平电阻率执行第一次反转,保持垂直电阻率常数值。 对垂直电阻率进行第二次反转,保持水平电阻率的常数。 迭代这些反转,直到实现所需的收敛。