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1. 发明授权

US08244718B2 Methods and systems for hardware acceleration of database operations and queries 有权
标题翻译：数据库操作和查询的硬件加速方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08244718B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US11895952
申请日：2007-08-27
申请人： Joseph I. Chamdani , Raj Cherabuddi , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Liuxi Yang , Ravi Krishnamurthy
发明人： Joseph I. Chamdani , Raj Cherabuddi , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Liuxi Yang , Ravi Krishnamurthy
IPC分类号： G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a database system that is optimized by using hardware acceleration. The system may be implemented in several variations to accommodate a wide range of queries and database sizes. In some embodiments, the system may comprise a host system that is coupled to one or more hardware accelerator components. The host system may execute software or provide an interface for receiving queries. The host system analyzes and parses these queries into tasks. The host system may then select some of the tasks and translate them into machine code instructions, which are executed by one or more hardware accelerator components. The tasks executed by hardware accelerators are generally those tasks that may be repetitive or processing intensive. Such tasks may include, for example, indexing, searching, sorting, table scanning, record filtering, and the like.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了通过使用硬件加速来优化的数据库系统。该系统可以以若干变型实现，以适应广泛的查询和数据库大小。在一些实施例中，系统可以包括耦合到一个或多个硬件加速器组件的主机系统。主机系统可以执行软件或提供用于接收查询的接口。主机系统将这些查询分析并解析成任务。然后，主机系统可以选择一些任务并将它们转换成由一个或多个硬件加速器组件执行的机器码指令。硬件加速器执行的任务通常是可能是重复性或处理密集型的任务。这样的任务可以包括例如索引，搜索，排序，表扫描，记录过滤等。

2. 发明申请

US20080183688A1 Methods and systems for hardware acceleration of database operations and queries 有权
标题翻译：数据库操作和查询的硬件加速方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20080183688A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US11895952
申请日：2007-08-27
申请人： Joseph I. Chamdani , Raj Cherabuddi , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Liuxi Yang , Ravi Krishnamurthy
发明人： Joseph I. Chamdani , Raj Cherabuddi , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Liuxi Yang , Ravi Krishnamurthy
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a database system that is optimized by using hardware acceleration. The system may be implemented in several variations to accommodate a wide range of queries and database sizes. In some embodiments, the system may comprise a host system that is coupled to one or more hardware accelerator components. The host system may execute software or provide an interface for receiving queries. The host system analyzes and parses these queries into tasks. The host system may then select some of the tasks and translate them into machine code instructions, which are executed by one or more hardware accelerator components. The tasks executed by hardware accelerators are generally those tasks that may be repetitive or processing intensive. Such tasks may include, for example, indexing, searching, sorting, table scanning, record filtering, and the like.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了通过使用硬件加速来优化的数据库系统。该系统可以以若干变型实现，以适应广泛的查询和数据库大小。在一些实施例中，系统可以包括耦合到一个或多个硬件加速器组件的主机系统。主机系统可以执行软件或提供用于接收查询的接口。主机系统将这些查询分析并解析成任务。然后，主机系统可以选择一些任务并将它们转换成由一个或多个硬件加速器组件执行的机器码指令。硬件加速器执行的任务通常是可能是重复性或处理密集型的任务。这样的任务可以包括例如索引，搜索，排序，表扫描，记录过滤等。

3. 发明申请

US20090254516A1 ACCESSING DATA IN A COLUMN STORE DATABASE BASED ON HARDWARE COMPATIBLE INDEXING AND REPLICATED REORDERED COLUMNS 有权
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容的索引和已更新的列进行存储数据库中的数据访问
公开(公告)号：US20090254516A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-08
申请号：US12099133
申请日：2008-04-07
申请人： Krishnan Meiyyappan , Liuxi Yang , Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Kapil Surlaker , James Shau , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Krishnan Meiyyappan , Liuxi Yang , Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Kapil Surlaker , James Shau , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F7/06 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442 , G06F17/30094 , G06F17/30315 , G06F17/30492 , G06F17/30504
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide hardware-friendly indexing of databases. In particular, forward and reverse indexing are utilized to allow for easy traversal of primary key to foreign key relationships. A novel structure known as a hit list also allows for easy scanning of various indexes in hardware. Group indexing is provided for flexible support of complex group key definition, such as for date range indexing and text indexing. A Replicated Reordered Column (RRC) may also be added to the group index to convert random I/O pattern into sequential I/O of only needed column elements.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供数据库的硬件友好索引。特别地，正向和反向索引被用于允许轻松地遍历主键到外键关系。被称为命中列表的新颖结构还允许在硬件中容易地扫描各种索引。提供组索引，用于复杂组密钥定义的灵活支持，如日期范围索引和文本索引。还可以将复制的重新排列（RRC）添加到组索引中以将随机I / O模式转换为仅需要的列元素的顺序I / O。

4. 发明申请

US20110246432A1 ACCESSING DATA IN COLUMN STORE DATABASE BASED ON HARDWARE COMPATIBLE DATA STRUCTURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容数据结构的数据库存储数据库
公开(公告)号：US20110246432A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US13107399
申请日：2011-05-13
申请人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30315
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide one or more hardware-friendly data structures that enable efficient hardware acceleration of database operations. In particular, the present invention employs a column-store format for the database. In the database, column-groups are stored with implicit row ids (RIDs) and a RID-to-primary key column having both column-store and row-store benefits via column hopping and a heap structure for adding new data. Fixed-width column compression allow for easy hardware database processing directly on the compressed data. A global database virtual address space is utilized that allows for arithmetic derivation of any physical address of the data regardless of its location. A word compression dictionary with token compare and sort index is also provided to allow for efficient hardware-based searching of text. A tuple reconstruction process is provided as well that allows hardware to reconstruct a row by stitching together data from multiple column groups.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一个或多个能够有效地加速数据库操作的硬件友好的数据结构。特别地，本发明采用数据库的列存储格式。在数据库中，列组通过列跳转和用于添加新数据的堆结构存储隐式行ids（RID）和具有列存储和行存储优势的RID至主键列。固定宽度列压缩允许直接对压缩数据进行硬件数据库处理。使用全局数据库虚拟地址空间，允许对数据的任何物理地址的算术推导，而不管其位置如何。还提供了具有令牌比较和排序索引的单词压缩字典，以允许对文本进行高效的基于硬件的搜索。还提供了一个元组重建过程，允许硬件通过将来自多个列组的数据进行拼接来重建行。

5. 发明申请

US20090254532A1 ACCESSING DATA IN A COLUMN STORE DATABASE BASED ON HARDWARE COMPATIBLE DATA STRUCTURES 有权
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容的数据结构访问存储库数据库中的数据
公开(公告)号：US20090254532A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-08
申请号：US12099131
申请日：2008-04-07
申请人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30315
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide one or more hardware-friendly data structures that enable efficient hardware acceleration of database operations. In particular, the present invention employs a column-store format for the database. In the database, column-groups are stored with implicit row ids (RIDs) and a RID-to-primary key column having both column-store and row-store benefits via column hopping and a heap structure for adding new data. Fixed-width column compression allow for easy hardware database processing directly on the compressed data. A global database virtual address space is utilized that allows for arithmetic derivation of any physical address of the data regardless of its location. A word compression dictionary with token compare and sort index is also provided to allow for efficient hardware-based searching of text. A tuple reconstruction process is provided as well that allows hardware to reconstruct a row by stitching together data from multiple column groups.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一个或多个能够有效地加速数据库操作的硬件友好的数据结构。特别地，本发明采用数据库的列存储格式。在数据库中，列组通过列跳转和用于添加新数据的堆结构存储隐式行ids（RID）和RID至主键列，具有列存储和行存储优势。固定宽度列压缩允许直接对压缩数据进行硬件数据库处理。使用全局数据库虚拟地址空间，允许对数据的任何物理地址的算术推导，而不管其位置如何。还提供了具有令牌比较和排序索引的单词压缩字典，以允许对文本进行高效的基于硬件的搜索。还提供了一个元组重建过程，允许硬件通过将来自多个列组的数据进行拼接来重建行。

6. 发明申请

US20080189251A1 Processing elements of a hardware accelerated reconfigurable processor for accelerating database operations and queries 审中-公开
标题翻译：处理硬件加速可重构处理器的元素，用于加速数据库操作和查询
公开(公告)号：US20080189251A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-07
申请号：US11895997
申请日：2007-08-27
申请人： Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Liuxi Yang , James Shau , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Liuxi Yang , James Shau , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F16/2453
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide processing elements that are capable of performing high level database operations in hardware based on machine code instructions. These processing elements employ a dataflow architecture that operates on data in hardware without interruption or software. A scanning/indexing processing element may comprise logic that analyze database column groups stored in local memory, perform parallel field extraction and comparison, and generates a list of row pointers (row ids or RIDs) referencing those rows whose value(s) satisfy an applied predicate. The scanning/indexing processing may also be used to project database column groups, search and join index structures, and manipulate in-flight metadata flows, composing, merging, reducing, and modifying multi-dimensional lists of intermediate and final results. Furthermore, a scanning/indexing processing element may be used for joins with indexes, like a Group Index, which involves the association of each input tuple with potentially many related data components, in a one-to-many mapping. An XCAM processing element may comprise logic to perform associative database operations, like accumulation and aggregation, sieving, sorting and associative joins.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了能够基于机器码指令在硬件中执行高级数据库操作的处理元件。这些处理元件采用在不中断或软件的情况下对硬件上的数据进行操作的数据流架构。扫描/索引处理元件可以包括分析存储在本地存储器中的数据库列组，执行并行字段提取和比较的逻辑，并且生成参考其值满足应用的那些行的行指针（行ID或RID）的列表谓词。扫描/索引处理也可用于投影数据库列组，搜索和连接索引结构，以及操纵机上元数据流，组合，合并，减少和修改中间和最终结果的多维列表。此外，扫描/索引处理元件可以用于具有诸如组索引的索引的连接，该索引涉及每个输入元组与潜在的许多相关数据组件的关联，在一对多映射中。 XCAM处理元件可以包括执行关联数据库操作的逻辑，例如累积和聚合，筛选，排序和关联连接。

7. 发明授权

US09378231B2 Accessing data in column store database based on hardware compatible data structures 有权
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容的数据结构访问列存储数据库中的数据
公开(公告)号：US09378231B2
公开(公告)日：2016-06-28
申请号：US13107399
申请日：2011-05-13
申请人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30315
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide one or more hardware-friendly data structures that enable efficient hardware acceleration of database operations. In particular, the present invention employs a column-store format for the database. In the database, column-groups are stored with implicit row ids (RIDs) and a RID-to-primary key column having both column-store and row-store benefits via column hopping and a heap structure for adding new data. Fixed-width column compression allow for easy hardware database processing directly on the compressed data. A global database virtual address space is utilized that allows for arithmetic derivation of any physical address of the data regardless of its location. A word compression dictionary with token compare and sort index is also provided to allow for efficient hardware-based searching of text. A tuple reconstruction process is provided as well that allows hardware to reconstruct a row by stitching together data from multiple column groups.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一个或多个能够有效地加速数据库操作的硬件友好的数据结构。特别地，本发明采用数据库的列存储格式。在数据库中，列组通过列跳转和用于添加新数据的堆结构存储隐式行ids（RID）和具有列存储和行存储优势的RID至主键列。固定宽度列压缩允许直接对压缩数据进行硬件数据库处理。使用全局数据库虚拟地址空间，允许对数据的任何物理地址的算术推导，而不管其位置如何。还提供了具有令牌比较和排序索引的单词压缩字典，以允许对文本进行高效的基于硬件的搜索。还提供了一个元组重建过程，允许硬件通过将来自多个列组的数据进行拼接来重建行。

8. 发明授权

US07966343B2 Accessing data in a column store database based on hardware compatible data structures 有权
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容的数据结构访问列存储数据库中的数据
公开(公告)号：US07966343B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US12099131
申请日：2008-04-07
申请人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Liuxi Yang , Kapil Surlaker , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Michael Corwin , Jeremy Branscome , Krishnan Meiyyappan , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30315
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide one or more hardware-friendly data structures that enable efficient hardware acceleration of database operations. In particular, the present invention employs a column-store format for the database. In the database, column-groups are stored with implicit row ids (RIDs) and a RID-to-primary key column having both column-store and row-store benefits via column hopping and a heap structure for adding new data. Fixed-width column compression allow for easy hardware database processing directly on the compressed data. A global database virtual address space is utilized that allows for arithmetic derivation of any physical address of the data regardless of its location. A word compression dictionary with token compare and sort index is also provided to allow for efficient hardware-based searching of text. A tuple reconstruction process is provided as well that allows hardware to reconstruct a row by stitching together data from multiple column groups.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一个或多个能够有效地加速数据库操作的硬件友好的数据结构。特别地，本发明采用数据库的列存储格式。在数据库中，列组通过列跳转和用于添加新数据的堆结构存储隐式行ids（RID）和具有列存储和行存储优势的RID至主键列。固定宽度列压缩允许直接对压缩数据进行硬件数据库处理。使用全局数据库虚拟地址空间，允许对数据的任何物理地址的算术推导，而不管其位置如何。还提供了具有令牌比较和排序索引的单词压缩字典，以允许对文本进行高效的基于硬件的搜索。还提供了一个元组重建过程，允许硬件通过将来自多个列组的数据进行拼接来重建行。

9. 发明授权

US08862625B2 Accessing data in a column store database based on hardware compatible indexing and replicated reordered columns 有权
标题翻译：基于硬件兼容的索引和复制的重新排序的列访问列存储数据库中的数据
公开(公告)号：US08862625B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-14
申请号：US12099133
申请日：2008-04-07
申请人： Krishnan Meiyyappan , Liuxi Yang , Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Kapil Surlaker , James Shau , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Krishnan Meiyyappan , Liuxi Yang , Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Ravi Krishnamurthy , Kapil Surlaker , James Shau , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F7/06 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442 , G06F17/30094 , G06F17/30315 , G06F17/30492 , G06F17/30504
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide hardware-friendly indexing of databases. In particular, forward and reverse indexing are utilized to allow for easy traversal of primary key to foreign key relationships. A novel structure known as a hit list also allows for easy scanning of various indexes in hardware. Group indexing is provided for flexible support of complex group key definition, such as for date range indexing and text indexing. A Replicated Reordered Column (RRC) may also be added to the group index to convert random I/O pattern into sequential I/O of only needed column elements.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供数据库的硬件友好索引。特别地，正向和反向索引被用于允许轻松地遍历主键到外键关系。被称为命中列表的新颖结构还允许在硬件中容易地扫描各种索引。提供组索引，用于复杂组密钥定义的灵活支持，如日期范围索引和文本索引。还可以将复制的重新排列（RRC）添加到组索引中以将随机I / O模式转换为仅需要的列元素的顺序I / O。

10. 发明授权

US08234267B2 Hardware accelerated reconfigurable processor for accelerating database operations and queries 有权
标题翻译：硬件加速可重构处理器，用于加速数据库操作和查询
公开(公告)号：US08234267B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-31
申请号：US13048031
申请日：2011-03-15
申请人： Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Liuxi Yang , Joseph I. Chamdani
发明人： Jeremy Branscome , Michael Corwin , Liuxi Yang , Joseph I. Chamdani
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a hardware accelerator that assists a host database system in processing its queries. The hardware accelerator comprises special purpose processing elements that are capable of receiving database query/operation tasks in the form of machine code database instructions, execute them in hardware without software, and return the query/operation result back to the host system. For example, table and column descriptors are embedded in the machine code database instructions. For ease of installation, the hardware accelerators employ a standard interconnect, such as a PCle or HT interconnect. The processing elements implement a novel dataflow design and Inter Macro-Op Communication (IMC) data structures to execute the machine code database instructions. The hardware accelerator may also comprise a relatively large memory to enhance the hardware execution of the query/operation tasks requested. The hardware accelerator utilizes hardware-friendly memory addressing, which allows for arithmetic derivation of a physical address from a global database virtual address simply based on a row identifier. The hardware accelerator minimizes memory reads/writes by keeping most intermediate results flowing through IMCs in pipelined and parallel fashion. Furthermore, the hardware accelerator may employ task pipelining and pre-fetch pipelining to enhance its performance.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例提供了一种辅助主机数据库系统处理其查询的硬件加速器。硬件加速器包括能够以机器码数据库指令的形式接收数据库查询/操作任务的专用处理元件，无需软件执行硬件，并将查询/运算结果返回主机系统。例如，表和列描述符嵌入在机器码数据库指令中。为了便于安装，硬件加速器采用标准互连，如PCle或HT互连。处理元件实现了一种新颖的数据流设计和Inter Macro-Op Communication（IMC）数据结构来执行机器码数据库指令。硬件加速器还可以包括相对大的存储器，以增强所请求的查询/操作任务的硬件执行。硬件加速器使用硬件友好的存储器寻址，这允许仅仅基于行标识符从全局数据库虚拟地址算术推导物理地址。硬件加速器通过保持大多数中间结果以流水线和并行方式流过IMC来最小化存储器读/写。此外，硬件加速器可以采用任务流水线和预取流水线来增强其性能。

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