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1. 发明授权

US07985413B2 Microbiological control in aqueous systems 有权
标题翻译：含水体系中的微生物控制
公开(公告)号：US07985413B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-26
申请号：US12398260
申请日：2009-03-05
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
IPC分类号： A01N25/12
CPC分类号： C02F1/50 , C02F1/76 , C02F1/766 , C02F2303/20
摘要： Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.
摘要翻译：微生物控制是通过使用高效杀生物剂连续低成本地接触生物膜或与生物膜接触的水来实现的，即使在生物膜侵袭已经进入生物膜的情况下，也能提供对浮游微生物和生物膜物种的非常有效的杀微生物控制存在很长一段时间，因此已经包含了大量的防粘多糖层或薄膜。此外，与N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲相比，所用的杀生物剂使得与水接触的铜和/或铁表面可能显着减少。所描述的技术还有其他优点。

2. 发明授权

US07371397B2 Methods for microbiological control in aqueous systems 有权
标题翻译：水系统微生物控制方法
公开(公告)号：US07371397B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-13
申请号：US10688124
申请日：2003-10-17
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders
IPC分类号： A01N25/32 , A01N43/50
CPC分类号： A01N43/50 , A01N59/00 , C02F1/50 , C02F1/766 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2103/42 , A01N25/34 , A01N25/14 , A01N25/12 , A01N25/00 , A01N2300/00
摘要： Microbiological control in aqueous media and/or eradication or reduction of biofilm on a surface in contact with such media is achieved by introducing into the aqueous medium a microbiocidally effective quantity of one or more 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoins where one of the alkyls is methyl and the other is a C1-4 alkyl, wherein (i) the molar quantity of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is less than the molar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin that would be required to effect the same degree of microbiological control in that medium, (ii) the molar quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced releases an amount of “free chlorine” that is greater than the amount of “free chlorine” that would be released in that medium by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (iii) the amount of “free chlorine” released by the quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is greater than the amount of “free chlorine” that could be predicted to be released by that quantity of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin on the basis of the amount of “free chlorine” that would be released in that medium by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
摘要翻译：通过向水性介质中引入微生物有效量的一种或多种1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲，其中一个或多个1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲通过将水介质中的微生物控制和/或根除或减少与这种介质接触的表面上的生物膜来实现的烷基是甲基，另一个是C 1-4烷基，其中（i）引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲的摩尔量小于 N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲需要在该培养基中进行相同程度的微生物控制，（ii）引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲的摩尔量释放出 “游离氯”的量大于通过等摩尔量的N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲在该介质中释放的“游离氯”的量，和（iii）“游离氯” 引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲的量释放的游离氯“大于”fr 可以预测由该量的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲以基于等摩尔量的N释放在该介质中的“游离氯”的量释放的“ee氯” N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲。

3. 发明申请

US20090159519A1 Microbiological Control in Aqueous Systems 有权
标题翻译：水系统微生物控制
公开(公告)号：US20090159519A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-25
申请号：US12398260
申请日：2009-03-05
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
IPC分类号： C02F1/50 , C02F101/00
CPC分类号： C02F1/50 , C02F1/76 , C02F1/766 , C02F2303/20
摘要： Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.
摘要翻译：微生物控制是通过使用高效杀生物剂连续低成本地接触生物膜或与生物膜接触的水来实现的，即使在生物膜侵袭已经进入生物膜的情况下，也能提供对浮游微生物和生物膜物种的非常有效的杀微生物控制存在很长一段时间，因此已经包含了大量的防粘多糖层或薄膜。此外，与N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲相比，所用的杀生物剂使得与水接触的铜和/或铁表面可能显着减少。所描述的技术还有其他优点。

4. 发明授权

US06641828B1 Methods for microbiological control in aqueous systems 有权
标题翻译：水系统微生物控制方法
公开(公告)号：US06641828B1
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US09775516
申请日：2001-02-02
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders
IPC分类号： A01N2510
CPC分类号： C02F1/50 , A01N43/50 , Y02W10/37 , A01N25/34 , A01N25/12 , A01N25/10 , A01N2300/00
摘要： Microbiological control in aqueous media and/or eradication or reduction of biofilm on a surface in contact with such media is achieved by introducing into the aqueous medium a microbiocidally effective quantity of one or more 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoins where one of the alkyls is methyl and the other is a C1-4 alkyl, wherein (i) the molar quantity of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is less than the molar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin that would be required to effect the same degree of microbiological control in that medium, (ii) the molar quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced releases an amount of “free chlorine” that is greater than the amount of “free chlorine” that would be released in that medium by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and (iii) the amount of “free chlorine” released by the quantity of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin introduced is greater than the amount of “free chlorine” that could be predicted to be released by that quantity of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin on the basis of the amount of “free chlorine” that would be released in that medium by an equimolar quantity of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
摘要翻译：通过向水性介质中引入微生物有效量的一种或多种1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲，其中一个或多个1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲通过将水介质中的微生物控制和/或根除或减少与这种介质接触的表面上的生物膜来实现的烷基是甲基，另一个是C 1-4烷基，其中（i）引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲的摩尔量小于N，N'-溴氯-5 将要求在该培养基中进行相同程度的微生物控制的5-二甲基乙内酰脲，（ii）引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲的摩尔量会释放一定量的“游离氯” 大于通过等摩尔量的N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲在该介质中释放的“游离氯”的量，以及（iii）由游离氯释放的量的“游离氯” 引入的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲大于“游离氯”的量 “可以预测由该量的1,3-二溴-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲以基于等摩尔量的N，N'的那些释放在该介质中的”游离氯“的量释放，溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲。

5. 发明授权

US06565868B1 Methods for microbiological control in aqueous systems 失效
标题翻译：水系统微生物控制方法
公开(公告)号：US06565868B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-20
申请号：US09484938
申请日：2000-01-18
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
IPC分类号： A01N2534
CPC分类号： C02F1/50 , A01N43/50 , Y02W10/37 , A01N25/34 , A01N25/12 , A01N25/10 , A01N2300/00
摘要： Microbiological control in water systems is achieved with an amount,of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin that is less than the amount of N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin required to achieve the same degree of microbiological control. The methods of combating Escherichia coli and/or Enterococcus faecium in an aqueous medium, and biofilms such as formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa on surfaces contacted by the aqueous medium, involve introducing into the medium a biocidally effective amount of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. A microbiological control agent for use in water in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulations is purveyed in containers of a water control agent comprising 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which containers bear a label having thereon dosage levels pursuant to requirements promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is used or purveyed either as a product having a large average particle size (e.g., 175 microns or more) or in the form of a compacted product. The compacted product can be formed without using a binder where the average particle size of the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is about 175 microns or more. Alternatively, the compacted product can be formed using a micronized synthetic polyolefin-based hydrocarbon wax and/or a micronized synthetic polyfluorocarbon wax as a binder, provided the wax is compatible with the 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. In this case, the average particle size can be in the range of about 20-600 microns. Similarly, the compacted product can be a product formed from 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin having an average particle size of at least 175 microns, using an amount of a saturated, normally solid, fatty amide as the binder.
摘要翻译：水体系中的微生物控制是用一定量的1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲来实现的，其量小于实现相同程度的微生物所需的N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲的量控制。在水性介质中防治大肠杆菌和/或屎肠球菌的方法以及由含水介质接触的表面上的铜绿假单胞菌形成的生物膜包括将生物有效量的1,3-二溴-5- 5-二甲基乙内酰脲。根据美国环境保护局规定在水中使用的微生物控制剂在含有1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲的水控制剂的容器中提供，该容器具有根据要求具有其剂量水平的标签由美国环保署颁布。 1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲作为具有大平均粒度（例如175微米或更大）的产品或以压制产品的形式使用或提供。可以不使用1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲的平均粒径为约175微米或更大的粘合剂来形成压制产品。或者，如果蜡与1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲相容，则可使用微粉化的合成聚烯烃基烃蜡和/或微粉化合成多氟碳蜡作为粘合剂来形成压制产品。在这种情况下，平均粒度可以在约20-600微米的范围内。类似地，压实产品可以是使用一定量的饱和的，通常为固体的脂肪酰胺作为粘合剂，由平均粒度至少为175微米的1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲形成的产品。

6. 发明授权

US07579018B2 Microbiological control in aqueous systems 有权
标题翻译：含水体系中的微生物控制
公开(公告)号：US07579018B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-25
申请号：US10688125
申请日：2003-10-17
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
IPC分类号： A01N25/32 , A01N43/50
CPC分类号： C02F1/50 , C02F1/76 , C02F1/766 , C02F2303/20
摘要： Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro- 5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.
摘要翻译：微生物控制是通过使用高效杀生物剂连续低成本地接触生物膜或与生物膜接触的水来实现的，即使在生物膜侵袭已经进入生物膜的情况下，也能提供对浮游微生物和生物膜物种的非常有效的杀微生物控制存在很长一段时间，因此已经包含了大量的防粘多糖层或薄膜。此外，与N，N'-溴氯-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲相比，所用的杀生物剂使得与水接触的铜和/或铁表面可能显着降低。所描述的技术还有其他优点。

7. 发明授权

US06638959B2 Microbiological control in aqueous systems 有权
公开(公告)号：US06638959B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-28
申请号：US09974626
申请日：2001-10-09
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Christopher J. Nalepa , Michael J. Sanders , David L. Shelton
IPC分类号： A01N4350
CPC分类号： C02F1/766 , A01N59/00 , C02F1/50 , C02F2303/04 , A01N25/14 , A01N25/12 , A01N2300/00
摘要： Microbiological control is achieved by continuously and inexpensively dosing water in contact with biofilm, or that comes into contact with biofilm, using a highly effective biocide that provides very effective microbiocidal control of planktonic microorganisms and of biofilm species, even where the biofilm infestations have been in existence for long periods of time and thus have encased themselves in a substantial quantity of slimy defensive polysaccharide layers or films. In addition, the biocide used makes possible significant reduction in copper and/or iron surfaces in contact with the water as compared to N,N′-bromochloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin. Still other advantages are made possible by the described technology.

8. 发明授权

US06749758B2 Methods and systems for uniform-control of bromine concentrations in water 失效
标题翻译：用于均匀控制水中溴浓度的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06749758B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US10010296
申请日：2001-12-05
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Michael J. Sanders
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Michael J. Sanders
IPC分类号： C02F176
CPC分类号： C02F1/766 , A01N43/50 , A01N59/00 , C02F1/50 , C02F2101/12 , C02F2103/42 , C02F2209/04 , A01N2300/00
摘要： Reduced stabilization time of oxidation-reduction potential is achieved in a recreational body of water by baseloading bromide ions and dialkylhydantoin prior to biocidal treatment of the water body with N,N′-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin.
摘要翻译：在用N，N'-二卤代-5,5-二烷基乙内酰脲进行水体生物杀灭处理之前，通过将溴离子和二烷基乙内酰脲进行负载，在休闲水体中实现氧化还原电位的稳定化时间的降低。

9. 发明授权

US07651860B2 Method of analyzing low levels of peroxyacetic acid in water 有权
标题翻译：分析水中低水平过氧乙酸的方法
公开(公告)号：US07651860B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-26
申请号：US11015577
申请日：2004-12-17
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Michael S. Harvey
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Michael S. Harvey
IPC分类号： G01N33/00
CPC分类号： G01N31/22 , G01N33/1826 , Y10T436/15
摘要： Methods of analyzing low levels of peroxyacetic acid (PAA) in water are described. These methods employ buffering the PAA-containing water and the use of a N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) indicator system in the presence of iodide ion. The intensity of the pink coloration that develops is quantitated by colorimetric or titrimetric methods and correlated to the ppm PAA in the water. Positive interference effects due to the presence of hydrogen peroxide are eliminated by performing the analyses quickly after the introduction of the reagents.
摘要翻译：描述了在水中分析低水平过氧乙酸（PAA）的方法。这些方法采用缓冲含有PAA的水和在碘离子存在下使用N，N-二乙基对苯二胺（DPD）指示剂体系。通过比色法或滴定法测定发展的粉红色的强度，并与水中的ppm PAA相关。通过在引入试剂后快速进行分析，可消除由于过氧化氢的存在引起的积极的干扰作用。

10. 发明授权

US5888428A Methods for generating residual disinfectants during the ozonization of water 失效
标题翻译：在臭氧化期间产生残留消毒剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5888428A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US723043
申请日：1996-09-30
申请人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Julie A. McKeown , Rodney H. Sergent
发明人： Jonathan N. Howarth , Julie A. McKeown , Rodney H. Sergent
IPC分类号： C02F1/76 , C09K15/22 , A61L2/18 , C02F1/78
CPC分类号： C02F1/766
摘要： Methods and compositions for generating stable, residual disinfectants during the ozonization of water, comprising the carrying out the ozonization of water in the presence of bromide ions and an effective amount of a hypobromite ion scavenger possessing imide and/or amide functionality that preferentially converts hypobromite ions to biocidal, ozone-stable derivatives thereof to thereby suppress the catalytic decomposition reaction of ozone with hypobromite ions. The methods and compositions of the present invention are useful for water disinfection and algae control, generally.
摘要翻译：在水的臭氧化期间产生稳定的残留消毒剂的方法和组合物，包括在溴离子存在下进行水的臭氧化和有效量的具有优先转化次溴酸盐离子的酰亚胺和/或酰胺官能团的次溴酸盐离子清除剂其杀生物，臭氧稳定的衍生物，从而抑制臭氧与次溴酸根离子的催化分解反应。通常，本发明的方法和组合物可用于水消毒和藻类控制。

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