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1. 发明授权

US6157731A Signature verification method using hidden markov models 失效
标题翻译：使用隐马尔可夫模型的签名验证方法
公开(公告)号：US6157731A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US108892
申请日：1998-07-01
申请人： Jianying Hu , Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , William Turin
发明人： Jianying Hu , Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , William Turin
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06K9/6297 , G06K9/00154
摘要： A signature verification method involves segmenting a smoothed and normalized signature and, for each segment, evaluating at least one local feature, thereby to obtain a feature-value vector. The method further includes computing the likelihood that the segments having the observed sequence of feature values were generated by a particular hidden Markov model, such model comprising a sequence of states having duration probabilities and feature-value histograms. In one aspect, the invention involves explicit state-duration modeling to account for duration in the respective states underlying the unknown signature. In another aspect, the invention involves computing a measure of signature complexity, and setting the number of states of the hidden Markov model according to such complexity measure.
摘要翻译：签名验证方法包括分割平滑和归一化的签名，并且对于每个段来评估至少一个局部特征，从而获得特征值向量。该方法还包括计算具有观察到的特征值序列的段由特定隐马尔科夫模型生成的可能性，该模型包括具有持续时间概率和特征值直方图的状态序列。在一个方面，本发明涉及明确的状态持续时间建模以考虑未知签名下的相应状态的持续时间。在另一方面，本发明涉及计算签名复杂度的度量，并且根据这种复杂性度量设置隐马尔可夫模型的状态数。

2. 发明授权

US5828772A Method and apparatus for parametric signature verification using global features and stroke-direction codes 失效
标题翻译：使用全局特征和笔画方向代码进行参数化签名验证的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5828772A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-27
申请号：US579534
申请日：1995-12-27
申请人： Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , William Turin
发明人： Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , William Turin
IPC分类号： G06T7/00 , G06K9/00 , G07C9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00154 , G07C9/0015
摘要： A signature verification method operates by comparing the numerical values of parameters evaluated on a trial signature with stored reference data derived from previously entered reference signatures. The parameters include global features of the signature, and also include a stroke-direction code (SDC) of the signature. An SDC is derived by subdividing the signature into a sequence of time-ordered, spatially oriented line segments, each segment extending between a pair of discrete points along the signature. Each line segment has a stroke-direction value. The SDC is the ordered sequence of these stroke-direction values.
摘要翻译：签名验证方法通过将在试验签名上评估的参数的数值与从先前输入的参考签名导出的存储的参考数据进行比较来进行操作。参数包括签名的全局特征，并且还包括签名的笔触方向代码（SDC）。通过将签名细分为时间有序的空间取向的线段的序列，每个段在沿着签名的一对离散点之间延伸，导出SDC。每个线段具有行程方向值。 SDC是这些笔画方向值的有序序列。

3. 发明授权

US5930380A Method and apparatus for verifying static signatures using dynamic information 失效
标题翻译：使用动态信息验证静态签名的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5930380A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US798981
申请日：1997-02-11
申请人： Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , Gordon Thomas Wilfong
发明人： Ramanujan S. Kashi , Winston Lowell Nelson , Gordon Thomas Wilfong
IPC分类号： G06K9/62 , G06K9/00 , G06T7/00 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G06K9/00154
摘要： In a process of signature verification, an off-line test signature is compared to one or more on-line reference signatures. Dynamic data obtained from the reference signature or signatures may be used to improve the thinning of the test signature. Such data may also be used for segmenting the test signature and sequencing the resulting strokes. In some embodiments, the invention includes evaluating a dynamic error, based at least in part on such sequencing of the test signature. In some further embodiments, the invention includes producing a rendering of at least one on-line reference signature as a two-dimensional image, and evaluating a static error based, at least in part, on shape-matching between the rendered image and the test signature.
摘要翻译：在签名验证过程中，将离线测试签名与一个或多个在线参考签名进行比较。从参考签名或签名获得的动态数据可用于改进测试签名的变薄。这样的数据也可以用于分割测试签名并对得到的笔划进行排序。在一些实施例中，本发明包括至少部分地基于测试签名的顺序来评估动态错误。在一些另外的实施例中，本发明包括产生作为二维图像的至少一个在线参考签名的渲染，以及至少部分地基于渲染图像与测试之间的形状匹配来评估静态误差签名。

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