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1. 发明授权

US5366016A Use of variable density carrier fluids to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution 失效
标题翻译：使用可变密度载体流体来提高垢溶解的效率
公开(公告)号：US5366016A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US164861
申请日：1993-12-10
申请人： Eleanor R. Fieler , Alfred R. Jennings, Jr. , James M. Paul
发明人： Eleanor R. Fieler , Alfred R. Jennings, Jr. , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： E21B37/00 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , E21B43/28
CPC分类号： E21B37/06 , C09K8/528
摘要： A method to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution in a formation containing multiple productive intervals where variable density liquids are utilized. Initially, a liquid composition sufficient to solubilize an alkaline-earth metal sulfate scale deposit is directed into a wellbore thereby contacting scale in one productive interval of the formation. Thereafter, a second scale solubilizing liquid having a density of about 0.1 wt % less than the first liquid is directed into the wellbore thereby contacting additional perforations and a higher interval. These scale solubilizing liquids with varying densities are allowed to remain in contact with perforations and productive intervals communicating therewith for a time sufficient to solubilize the scale deposit thereby efficiently removing said scale deposit from perforations and productive intervals at two different levels.
摘要翻译：一种提高含有可变密度液体的多个生产间隔的地层中的水垢溶解效率的方法。最初，将足以溶解碱土金属硫酸盐垢沉积物的液体组合物导入井筒，从而在地层的一个生产间隔中接触氧化皮。此后，具有比第一液体小约0.1重量％的密度的第二比例增溶液被引导到井眼中，从而接触另外的穿孔和更高的间隔。允许具有不同密度的这些规模增溶液体与穿孔和与其连通的生产间隔保持接触足以溶解垢垢的时间，从而有效地从两个不同水平的穿孔和生产间隔去除鳞屑沉积物。

2. 发明授权

US5111887A Method for reducing radioactivity of oilfield tubular goods contaminated with radioactive scale 失效
标题翻译：减少放射性污染的油田管材的放射性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5111887A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US614470
申请日：1990-11-16
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/002 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , C02F2101/006 , Y10S507/927
摘要： Alkaline earth metal scales, especially barium sulfate scale deposits are removed from oilfield pipe and other tubular goods with a scale-removing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid, preferably EDTA or DTPA and a catalyst or synergist comprising oxalate anion. When the scale-removing solution is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, substantially more scale is dissolved at a faster rate than previously possible.
摘要翻译：碱土金属垢，特别是硫酸钡垢沉积物从具有除垢组合物的油田管和其他管状物质中除去，该组合物包含pH为约8至约14的碱性水溶液，多氨基多羧酸，优选EDTA或DTPA和催化剂或增效剂包括草酸根阴离子。当除垢溶液与含有沉积物沉积物的表面接触时，以比之前可能的更快的速度溶解大量的氧化皮。

3. 发明授权

US4613631A Crosslinked polymers for enhanced oil recovery 失效
标题翻译：用于提高采油率的交联聚合物
公开(公告)号：US4613631A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-23
申请号：US737380
申请日：1985-05-24
申请人： Wilton F. Espenscheid, deceased , James M. Paul
发明人： Wilton F. Espenscheid, deceased , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： C09K8/512 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/88 , C09K8/90 , E21B33/138 , C09K7/00 , E21B43/22
CPC分类号： C09K8/887 , C09K8/512 , C09K8/588 , C09K8/905
摘要： Polymers used in enhanced oil recovery operations, including polysaccharides, polyamides and cellulose derivatives may be crosslinked by the use of organic nitrogen compounds bearing at least two positively charged nitrogen atoms. Suitable crosslinking agents include the salts of aliphatic and aromatic diamines and bis (quaternary ammonium) compounds. The crosslinked copolymers may be used for mobility and permeability control purposes. The crosslinking agents are effective over a wide range of pH conditions to form stable gel structures with the polymers.
摘要翻译：用于增强油回收操作的聚合物，包括多糖，聚酰胺和纤维素衍生物可以通过使用带有至少两个带正电荷的氮原子的有机氮化合物进行交联。合适的交联剂包括脂族和芳族二胺和双（季铵）化合物的盐。交联的共聚物可用于迁移率和渗透性控制目的。交联剂在宽范围的pH条件下是有效的，以与聚合物形成稳定的凝胶结构。

4. 发明授权

US4536034A Method for immobilizing contaminants in previously leached ores 失效
标题翻译：在先前浸出的矿石中固定污染物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4536034A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-20
申请号：US484766
申请日：1983-04-14
申请人： John B. Otto, Jr. , James M. Paul
发明人： John B. Otto, Jr. , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , A62D3/33 , A62D101/40 , A62D101/43 , B09C1/08 , E21B43/28
CPC分类号： A62D3/33 , B09C1/08 , E21B43/28 , A62D2101/40 , A62D2101/43
摘要： This invention relates to a process for reducing to environmentally acceptable levels the amount of soluble or mobile contaminants in formations that have been subjected to in situ leaching to recover mineral values therefrom. The present process is also applicable to surface milling operations. In accordance with the present invention, an aqueous solution containing orthophosphates is introduced into the formation to immobilize contaminants by forming a relatively stable precipitate. For example, radionuclides such as uranium, thorium or radium form stable precipitates with orthophosphates.When the formation fluids contain a high concentration of carbonates, the formation fluids are treated to reduce the carbonates concentration to levels which do not substantially interfere with the phosphate precipitation of contaminants.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种降低到环境可接受水平的方法，其中已经经过原位浸出以从其中回收矿物值的地层中的可溶性或可移动污染物的量。本方法也适用于表面铣削操作。根据本发明，将含有正磷酸盐的水溶液引入地层中以通过形成相对稳定的沉淀来固定污染物。例如，铀，钍或镭等放射性核素与正磷酸盐形成稳定的沉淀物。当地层流体含有高浓度的碳酸盐时，处理地层流体以将碳酸盐浓度降低到基本上不干扰污染物的磷酸盐沉淀的水平。

5. 发明授权

US4302428A Yellowcake processing in uranium recovery 失效
标题翻译：铀回收中的黄饼加工
公开(公告)号：US4302428A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US95188
申请日：1979-11-16
申请人： James M. Paul
发明人： James M. Paul
IPC分类号： C01B15/047 , C01G43/01 , C22B60/02
CPC分类号： C01B15/0475 , C01G43/01 , C22B60/0278
摘要： A process for the recovery of uranium by precipitation from a rich eluate by contacting the eluate with hydrogen peroxide to produce uranium peroxide yellowcake and reacting the yellowcake with a reducing agent to produce uranium trioxide. The reaction between the yellowcake and the reducing agent may be carried out at a temperature less than 100.degree. C. Subsequent to the reducing step, the uranium trioxide may be washed with water in order to remove water soluble salts present as impurities. Thereafter, the uranium trioxide is dried at a temperature less than 200.degree. C.
摘要翻译：通过使洗脱液与过氧化氢接触以产生铀过氧化物黄饼并使黄饼与还原剂反应以产生三氧化铀来从富集的洗脱液中沉淀回收铀的方法。黄饼和还原剂之间的反应可以在低于100℃的温度下进行。在还原步骤之后，可以用水洗涤三氧化铀以除去作为杂质存在的水溶性盐。此后，将三氧化二铀在低于200℃的温度下干燥。

6. 发明授权

US5458860A Method for removing alkaline sulfate scale 失效
标题翻译：去除碱性硫酸盐垢的方法
公开(公告)号：US5458860A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US303907
申请日：1994-09-09
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B01F1/00 , B01F11/02 , B08B3/12 , B08B9/02 , C09K8/528 , C22B26/20 , C23G1/19 , E21B37/00 , E21B43/00 , F28G7/00 , F28G9/00 , C01F1/00 , B08B7/00 , C22B26/00
CPC分类号： B08B9/032 , B01F1/00 , B01F1/0005 , B01F11/02 , B08B3/12 , C09K8/528 , C22B26/20 , C23G1/19 , E21B37/00 , E21B43/003 , F28G7/00 , F28G9/00
摘要： The present invention relates to the use of low frequency sonic energy within the range of 1.25 to 6.5 KHz, preferably less than 2.0 KHz and most preferably 1.25 KHz, for enhancing the dissolution of alkaline earth metal scales from well bores using a scale-removing solvent comprising an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14 and containing EDTA or DTPA and a catalyst or synergist, preferably an oxalate anion. When the scale deposit is contacted with the scale removing solvent while simultaneously transmitting low frequency sonic energy through the solvent, substantially more scale is dissolved at a faster rate than previously possible.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及在1.25至6.5KHz，优选小于2.0KHz，最优选1.25KHz范围内的低频声能的使用，以增强使用除垢溶剂从井眼中溶解碱土金属垢包含pH为约8至约14的碱性水溶液并含有EDTA或DTPA，以及催化剂或增效剂，优选草酸根阴离子。当刻度沉积物与除垢溶剂接触，同时将低频声波能量传递通过溶剂时，以比以前更快的速度溶解更多的刻度。

7. 发明授权

US5190656A Method for removing scale via a liquid membrane in combination with an amino carboxylic acid and a catalyst 失效
标题翻译：通过液体膜与氨基羧酸和催化剂组合去除垢的方法
公开(公告)号：US5190656A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US742565
申请日：1991-08-07
申请人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
发明人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
IPC分类号： B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： C02F5/12 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/002 , C02F2101/006
摘要： A liquid membrane method for removing scale deposits wherein a novel chelating composition is utilized. The composition used in the external and internal aqueous phases of said membrane comprises an aqueous solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, and an aminocarboxylic acid or polyamine chelant. Additionally, a catalyst or synergist is used in the external phase only. Preferred chelants comprise diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or alkali salts thereof. Anions of organic and inorganic acids comprise the catalyst used in the external phase. Catalysts which can be used include fluoride, oxalate, persulfate, dithionate, hypochlorite, formate, thio, amino and hydroxy acetate anions. When the solution containing the composition is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, the deposit dissolves substantially more scale quicker than heretofore possible.
摘要翻译：一种用于去除其中使用新型螯合组合物的结垢沉积物的液膜方法。在所述膜的外部和内部水相中使用的组合物包含pH为约8至约14的水溶液和氨基羧酸或多胺螯合剂。另外，仅在外部使用催化剂或增效剂。优选的螯合剂包括二亚乙基三胺五乙酸（DTPA）或乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）或其碱式盐。有机和无机酸的阴离子包括在外相中使用的催化剂。可以使用的催化剂包括氟化物，草酸盐，过硫酸盐，连二磺酸盐，次氯酸盐，甲酸盐，硫代，氨基和羟基乙酸根阴离子。当含有组合物的溶液与含有矿物沉积物的表面接触时，沉积物比以前更可能更快地溶解更多的刻度。

8. 发明授权

US5087371A Method for regenerating scale solvent 失效
标题翻译：再生规模溶剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5087371A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-11
申请号：US612728
申请日：1990-11-14
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B01D61/40 , C02F5/12 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , C23G1/36 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/40 , C02F5/12 , C02F5/14 , C09K8/528 , C23G1/36 , G21F9/002
摘要： Barium sulfate scale is dissolved by contacting the scale with an aqueous solvent having a pH of about 8 to about 14, containing a chelating agent comprising a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid or salt of such an acid, and a synergist anion. The aqueous solvent containing the dissolved scale is regenerated by first acidifying the aqueous solvent sufficiently to generate free alkaline earth metal ions. The aqueous solvent is then mixed with a liquid membrane emulsion enveloped around droplets of an internal aqueous phase containing an anion that forms an insoluble precipitate with the free alkaline earth metal ions. The scale-free aqueous solvent is separated from the emulsion by gravity and recovered for reuse.In another embodiment, the internal aqueous phase may contain a chelating agent to remove the free alkaline earth metal ions by forming a stable complex with the ions.
摘要翻译：通过使水垢与含有约8至约14的pH的水性溶剂接触，使硫酸钡垢溶解，其含有包含聚氨基多羧酸或这种酸的盐的螯合剂和增效剂阴离子。通过首先使水溶剂充分酸化以产生游离的碱土金属离子，再生含有溶解氧化皮的含水溶剂。然后将水性溶剂与包围在含有与游离碱土金属离子形成不溶性沉淀物的阴离子的内部水相的液滴周围的液体膜乳液混合。通过重力将无鳞水溶剂与乳液分离并回收再利用。在另一个实施方案中，内部水相可以含有螯合剂以通过与离子形成稳定的络合物来除去游离碱土金属离子。

9. 发明授权

US4773483A Method for selectively plugging subterranean formations with polysulfides 失效
标题翻译：用多硫化物选择性堵塞地层的方法
公开(公告)号：US4773483A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US105435
申请日：1987-10-07
申请人： James M. Paul
发明人： James M. Paul
IPC分类号： C09K8/504 , C09K8/84 , E21B43/17 , E21B43/26 , E21B33/138 , E21B43/27
CPC分类号： C09K8/845 , C09K8/5045 , E21B43/17 , E21B43/261
摘要： The relatively highly permeable zones of a subterranean oil containing formation having a neutral to alkaline pH are selectively plugged by initially injecting an aqueous acid solution into the relatively highly permeable zones that lowers the pH of these zones to about 6 or less. Thereafter, an aqueous polysulfide solution is injected into the formation that preferentially enters the relatively highly permeable zones and allowed to disproportionate under the pH conditions within the relatively highly permeable zones to form a precipitate of elemental sulfur in situ which plugs the relatively highly permeable zones in the formation. Thereafter, improved sweep efficiency is realized in displacing oil from the lesser permeable zones. If the natural pH of the relatively highly permeable zones in the formation is about 6 or less, the initial treatment with the aqueous acid solution is unnecessary.
摘要翻译：含有中性至碱性pH值的含地层油层的相对高度可渗透的区域通过首先将酸水溶液注入相对高渗透性的区域而被选择性地堵塞，这些区域将这些区域的pH降至约6或更小。此后，将多硫化水溶液注入地层中，优先进入相对较高渗透的区域，并在相对较高渗透区域内的pH条件下使其不成比例地形成原位的元素硫沉淀物，其将相对较高可渗透的区域插入形成。此后，在从较小渗透区域排出油的情况下实现了提高的扫掠效率。如果地层中较高渗透性区域的天然pH为约6以下，则不需要用酸水溶液进行初始处理。

10. 发明授权

US4372616A Method for restoring formation previously leached with an ammonium leach solution 失效
标题翻译：恢复以前用铵浸出溶液浸出的形成的方法
公开(公告)号：US4372616A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US221728
申请日：1980-12-31
申请人： James M. Paul , Wilton F. Espenscheid
发明人： James M. Paul , Wilton F. Espenscheid
IPC分类号： E21B43/28
CPC分类号： E21B43/28
摘要： A method is disclosed for restoring to environmentally acceptable levels the ammonia content in a subterranean formation which has been previously subjected to in situ oxidative leaching employing an ammonium leach solution by flushing the formation with carbonic acid.
摘要翻译：公开了一种恢复到环境可接受水平的地下地层中的氨含量，其已经使用氨浸出溶液进行原位氧化浸出，通过用碳酸冲洗形成。

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