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1. 发明授权

US5885424A Method and apparatus for breaking hydrocarbon emulsions 失效
标题翻译：用于破坏烃类乳液的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5885424A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US488221
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： R. Michael Davis , Harold W. Hadley , James M. Paul
发明人： R. Michael Davis , Harold W. Hadley , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B01D17/02 , B01D17/04 , B01J19/10 , C02F1/36 , C10G33/04 , C10G33/06 , C07B63/00
CPC分类号： B01D17/0208 , B01D17/04 , B01J19/10 , C02F1/36 , C10G33/04 , C10G33/06
摘要： A method for breaking an emulsion comprising oil and water into oil and water phases comprising treating the emulsion with a chemical demulsifier and passing the mixture through a hollow chamber having a uniform cross-section and subjecting the mixture to acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz, preferably 1.25 kHz, to enhance breaking the emulsion into a water phase and oil phase. The oil phase is then separated from the water phase by gravity separation and recovered. The sonic energy is generated by a transducer attached to the mid-section of the upper or lower outer surface of the hollow chamber. For emulsions containing light oil having an API gravity greater than 20 and water, the emulsion can be broken by the use of acoustic energy in the frequency range of about 0.5 to 10.0 kHz without the addition of chemical demulsifiers.
摘要翻译：一种将包含油和水的乳液分解成油和水相的方法，包括用化学破乳剂处理乳液并使混合物通过具有均匀横截面的中空室，并使混合物在约 0.5至10.0kHz，优选1.25kHz，以增强将乳液破碎成水相和油相。然后通过重力分离将油相与水相分离并回收。声能由附着在中空室的上部或下部外表面的中间部分的传感器产生。对于含有API重力大于20的轻油和水的乳液，乳液可以通过在约0.5至10.0kHz的频率范围内使用声能来破坏，而不添加化学破乳剂。

2. 发明授权

US5824214A Method for hydrotreating and upgrading heavy crude oil during production 失效
标题翻译：生产过程中重质原油的加氢处理和升级方法
公开(公告)号：US5824214A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US504052
申请日：1995-07-11
申请人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
发明人： James M. Paul , R. Michael Davis
IPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/00 , E21B43/16 , C01G47/00 , C09K7/00 , C01B53/00
CPC分类号： C10G15/08 , C10G45/24 , C10G45/26 , E21B43/003 , E21B43/162
摘要： Heavy crude oil containing at least 1% by weight water is hydrotreated and upgraded while being produced downhole in a production well. During production the heavy crude oil containing water is subjected to sonic energy at a low frequency of 400 Hz to 10 kHz downhole in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst that causes the water in the crude oil to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats and upgrades the heavy crude oil during production. In another embodiment, if the heavy crude oil does not contain water, the hydrogen may be formed in-situ by contacting the heavy crude oil downhole with a chemical compound comprising ammonia, hydrazine and formic acid that in the presence of a metal hydrogenation catalyst and sonic energy causes the chemical compound to react and form hydrogen which then hydrotreats the heavy crude oil during production. Suitable catalysts include nickel on zinc dust, platinum on carbon and palladium on carbon, preferably nickel on zinc dust. The hydrotreated and upgraded heavy crude oil has improved properties making it easier to refine and transport by pipeline. The upgrading includes reducing the amount of asphaltenes and resins in the heavy crude oil and increasing the amount of aromatics and saturates.
摘要翻译：含有至少1重量％水的重质原油在生产井中生产井下时进行加氢处理和升级。在生产过程中，在金属加氢催化剂存在下，含水的重质原油在400Hz至10kHz的低频率下经受声能，其导致原油中的水反应并形成氢气，然后进行加氢处理和升级生产中的重质原油。在另一个实施方案中，如果重质原油不含水，则可以通过使井下的重质原油与包含氨，肼和甲酸的化合物接触来原位形成氢，所述化合物在金属氢化催化剂存在下和声能导致化合物反应并形成氢气，然后在生产过程中对重质原油进行加氢处理。合适的催化剂包括锌粉上的镍，碳上的铂和碳上的钯，优选在锌粉上的镍。加氢处理和升级的重质原油具有改进的性质，使其更容易通过管道精炼和运输。升级包括减少重质原油中沥青质和树脂的数量，增加芳烃和饱和物的用量。

3. 发明授权

US5183112A Method for scale removal in a wellbore 失效
标题翻译：在井筒中除垢的方法
公开(公告)号：US5183112A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-02
申请号：US745779
申请日：1991-08-16
申请人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
发明人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
IPC分类号： C09K8/528 , E21B37/06
CPC分类号： E21B37/06 , C09K8/528
摘要： Alkaline earth metal scales, especially barium sulfate scale is removed from a well (the wellbore and the adjacent formation) by contacting the scale with a scale-removing solvent and thereafter sparging the solvent with air or insert gas to dissolve the scale. The sparging aids in achieving a flushing action by the solvent relative to the scale thereby enabling the solvent to more effectively dissolve the scale in the well. Temperature and caustic compatible surfactuants (anionic and non-ionic) may be used in the solvent to generate a column of foam which increases the extent of cleaning oil from the scale surfaces, enabling the solvent to more effectively remove the scale.
摘要翻译：通过使水垢与除垢溶剂接触，然后用空气或插入气体喷射溶剂以溶解氧化皮，从井（井筒和相邻地层）中除去碱土金属垢，特别是硫酸钡垢。喷射有助于通过溶剂实现相对于氧化皮的冲洗作用，从而使溶剂能够更有效地溶解阱中的氧化皮。可以在溶剂中使用温度和苛性相容的表面活性剂（阴离子和非离子）以产生泡沫柱，其增加了从刻度表面清洗油的程度，使得溶剂能够更有效地除去垢。

4. 发明授权

US5151196A Method for regenerating scale solvent 失效
标题翻译：再生规模溶剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5151196A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-29
申请号：US766313
申请日：1991-09-27
申请人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
发明人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
IPC分类号： C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , C23G1/36
CPC分类号： C23G1/36 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528
摘要： Barium sulfate scale is dissolved by contacting the scale with an aqueous solvent having a pH of about 10 to about 14, preferably about 12, and comprising a chelating agent comprising a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid or salt of such an acid, and a synergist anion. The solvent containing the dissolved scale is regenerated by acidifying the spent solvent with an acidic chelating agent such as EDTA or DTPA, preferably DTPA, that release alkaline earth cations which react with sulfate ions present in the solvent to form a precipitate of an insoluble salt of the alkaline earth metal. The precipitate is then removed from the solvent by settling/decanting, filtering, or centrifuging. Thereafter, caustic is added to increase the pH of the solvent to a pH of about 10 to about 14, preferably about 12, to recover a regenerated solvent for reuse, in dissolving scale. The amount of chelating agent added to acidify the spent solvent balances the total amount of dilution caused by adding the caustic thereby maintaining the activity of the chelating agent in the regenerated solvent at least equivalent to or greater than the activity in the spent solvent.
摘要翻译：通过使水垢与约10至约14，优选约12的pH的水性溶剂接触并包含包含聚氨基多羧酸或这种酸的盐的螯合剂和增效剂阴离子来使溶解硫酸钡垢。含有溶解垢的溶剂通过用酸性螯合剂如EDTA或DTPA（优选DTPA）酸化废溶剂来再生，其释放与存在于溶剂中的硫酸根离子反应的碱土金属阳离子，以形成不溶性盐的沉淀物碱土金属。然后通过沉降/倾析，过滤或离心从溶剂中除去沉淀物。此后，加入苛性碱以将溶剂的pH增加至约10至约14，优选约12的pH，以回收再生溶剂以在溶解氧化垢中再次使用。用于酸化废溶剂的螯合剂的量平衡通过加入苛性碱引起的稀释总量，从而保持再生溶剂中螯合剂的活性至少等于或大于废溶剂中的活性。

5. 发明授权

US5093020A Method for removing an alkaline earth metal sulfate scale 失效
标题翻译：去除碱土金属硫酸盐垢的方法
公开(公告)号：US5093020A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-03
申请号：US332147
申请日：1989-04-03
申请人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
发明人： James M. Paul , Richard L. Morris
IPC分类号： B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/528 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , G21F9/002 , C02F2101/006 , Y10S507/927
摘要： A method and composition for removing barium and strontium sulfate scale deposits. The composition comprises an aqueous solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, an EDTA or DTPA chelant, and a catalyst or synergist. Preferred chelants comprise diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or alkali salts thereof. Anions of organic and inorganic acids comprise the catalyst. Catalysts which can be used include Fluoride, oxalate, persulfate, dithionate, hypochlorite and formate anions also thio, amino, and hydroxy acetate anions. When the solution containing the composition is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, the deposit dissolves substantially more scale quicker than heretofore possible.
摘要翻译：一种去除钡和硫酸锶垢沉积物的方法和组合物。组合物包含pH为约8至约14的水溶液，EDTA或DTPA螯合剂，以及催化剂或增效剂。优选的螯合剂包括二亚乙基三胺五乙酸（DTPA）或乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）或其碱式盐。有机酸和无机酸的阴离子包括催化剂。可以使用的催化剂包括氟化物，草酸盐，过硫酸盐，连二硫酸盐，次氯酸盐和甲酸根阴离子，也是硫代，氨基和羟基乙酸根阴离子。当含有组合物的溶液与含有矿物沉积物的表面接触时，沉积物比以前更可能更快地溶解更多的刻度。

6. 发明授权

US5085709A Method for treating natural gas equipment 失效
标题翻译：天然气设备处理方法
公开(公告)号：US5085709A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US493180
申请日：1990-03-14
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/28 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , G21F9/002
摘要： Natural gas processing equipment and sorption media such as charcoal, silica or alumina, contaminated with adherent scale deposits of alkaline earth metal sulfates may include radioactive components, especially radium sulfate and thorium sulfate, which render the equipment radioactive. The scale is removed from the processing equipment by washing with an aqueous chemical composition including a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid such as EDTA or DEPA as a chelant in combination with a synergist, preferably oxalate or monocarboxylate acid anion such as salicylate. The washing may be carried out with the equipment in place or by immersion of the equipment in a body of the solution in a suitable treatment tank.
摘要翻译：被碱土金属硫酸盐附着垢沉积物污染的天然气加工设备和木炭，二氧化硅或氧化铝等吸附介质可能包括放射性成分，特别是硫酸钍和硫酸钍，使设备具有放射性。通过用包含多氨基多羧酸如EDTA或DEPA作为螯合剂的水性化学组合物与增效剂，优选草酸盐或单羧酸盐阴离子如水杨酸盐组合洗涤，将规模从处理设备中除去。洗涤可以在设备就位或通过将设备浸入溶液体中的合适的处理槽中进行。

7. 发明授权

US4784838A Method of stabilizing solutions of chelated polyvalent metals 失效
标题翻译：稳定螯合多价金属溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US4784838A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US188054
申请日：1988-04-26
申请人： James M. Paul , Earl S. Snavely, Jr.
发明人： James M. Paul , Earl S. Snavely, Jr.
IPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B17/05 , C01B17/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B17/05
摘要： A cyclic process for removing H.sub.2 S from a gaseous stream comprising contacting the gaseous stream with a solution of a chelated polyvalent metal to produce elemental sulfur, removing the elemental sulfur, and regenerating the reaction solution, e.g., by contacting it with oxygen, and recycling the regenerated solution to the reaction zone, is modified by introducing into the solution a free chelating agent. The introduction of the free chelating agent eliminates the loss of the polyvalent metal and the chelated polyvalent metal from the reaction solution.There is also disclosed an aqueous reaction solution comprising a chelated polyvalent metal, sulfur, and a free chelating agent in the amount equal to at least about 0.1% by weight of the amount of the chelated polyvalent metal in the solution.
摘要翻译：一种用于从气流中除去H 2 S的循环方法，包括使气态物流与螯合多价金属的溶液接触以产生元素硫，除去元素硫并再生反应溶液，例如通过使其与氧接触，并将通过向游离溶液中引入游离螯合剂来修饰反应区的再生溶液。引入游离螯合剂可以消除反应溶液中多价金属和螯合多价金属的损失。还公开了包含螯合多价金属，硫和游离螯合剂的水溶液反应溶液，其量等于溶液中螯合多价金属的量的至少约0.1重量％。

8. 发明授权

US4775793A Method for determining chelated ferric ion concentration 失效
标题翻译：螯合铁离子浓度测定方法
公开(公告)号：US4775793A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-04
申请号：US838848
申请日：1986-03-12
申请人： James M. Paul
发明人： James M. Paul
IPC分类号： G01N21/33 , G01J3/36
CPC分类号： G01N21/33
摘要： A method of determining the concentration of a chelated ferric ion in a solution comprising measuring the ultraviolet (UV) light absorption of the solution at the wavelength of about 237 to about 241 nanometers (nm). The measured absorption is then correlated to a previously-determined value of the chelated ferric ion for the measured UV absorption value.
摘要翻译：测定溶液中螯合铁离子浓度的方法，包括测量溶液在约237至约241纳米（nm）波长处的紫外（UV）光吸收。然后将测量的吸收值与测定的UV吸收值的先前确定的螯合铁离子值相关。

9. 发明授权

US5366016A Use of variable density carrier fluids to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution 失效
标题翻译：使用可变密度载体流体来提高垢溶解的效率
公开(公告)号：US5366016A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US164861
申请日：1993-12-10
申请人： Eleanor R. Fieler , Alfred R. Jennings, Jr. , James M. Paul
发明人： Eleanor R. Fieler , Alfred R. Jennings, Jr. , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： E21B37/00 , C09K8/528 , E21B37/06 , E21B43/28
CPC分类号： E21B37/06 , C09K8/528
摘要： A method to improve the efficiency of scale dissolution in a formation containing multiple productive intervals where variable density liquids are utilized. Initially, a liquid composition sufficient to solubilize an alkaline-earth metal sulfate scale deposit is directed into a wellbore thereby contacting scale in one productive interval of the formation. Thereafter, a second scale solubilizing liquid having a density of about 0.1 wt % less than the first liquid is directed into the wellbore thereby contacting additional perforations and a higher interval. These scale solubilizing liquids with varying densities are allowed to remain in contact with perforations and productive intervals communicating therewith for a time sufficient to solubilize the scale deposit thereby efficiently removing said scale deposit from perforations and productive intervals at two different levels.
摘要翻译：一种提高含有可变密度液体的多个生产间隔的地层中的水垢溶解效率的方法。最初，将足以溶解碱土金属硫酸盐垢沉积物的液体组合物导入井筒，从而在地层的一个生产间隔中接触氧化皮。此后，具有比第一液体小约0.1重量％的密度的第二比例增溶液被引导到井眼中，从而接触另外的穿孔和更高的间隔。允许具有不同密度的这些规模增溶液体与穿孔和与其连通的生产间隔保持接触足以溶解垢垢的时间，从而有效地从两个不同水平的穿孔和生产间隔去除鳞屑沉积物。

10. 发明授权

US5111887A Method for reducing radioactivity of oilfield tubular goods contaminated with radioactive scale 失效
标题翻译：减少放射性污染的油田管材的放射性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5111887A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US614470
申请日：1990-11-16
申请人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
发明人： Richard L. Morris , James M. Paul
IPC分类号： B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , E21B43/28 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/002 , B09C1/02 , C02F5/08 , C02F5/10 , C02F5/12 , C09K8/528 , C02F2101/006 , Y10S507/927
摘要： Alkaline earth metal scales, especially barium sulfate scale deposits are removed from oilfield pipe and other tubular goods with a scale-removing composition comprising an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of about 8 to about 14, a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid, preferably EDTA or DTPA and a catalyst or synergist comprising oxalate anion. When the scale-removing solution is contacted with a surface containing a scale deposit, substantially more scale is dissolved at a faster rate than previously possible.
摘要翻译：碱土金属垢，特别是硫酸钡垢沉积物从具有除垢组合物的油田管和其他管状物质中除去，该组合物包含pH为约8至约14的碱性水溶液，多氨基多羧酸，优选EDTA或DTPA和催化剂或增效剂包括草酸根阴离子。当除垢溶液与含有沉积物沉积物的表面接触时，以比之前可能的更快的速度溶解大量的氧化皮。

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