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1. 发明授权

US06512517B1 Volume rendering integrated circuit 有权
标题翻译：体积渲染集成电路
公开(公告)号：US06512517B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09315742
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： James M. Knittel , Stephen R. Burgess , Kenneth W. Correll , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Christopher J. Kappler , Hugh C. Lauer , Stephen F. Mason , Takahide Ohkami , William R. Peet , Hanspeter Pfister , Beverly J. Schultz , Jay C. Wilkinson
发明人： James M. Knittel , Stephen R. Burgess , Kenneth W. Correll , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Christopher J. Kappler , Hugh C. Lauer , Stephen F. Mason , Takahide Ohkami , William R. Peet , Hanspeter Pfister , Beverly J. Schultz , Jay C. Wilkinson
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T15/08 , G06T1/20 , G06T15/005 , G06T2200/28
摘要： A volume rendering integrated circuit includes a plurality of interconnected pipelines having stages operating in parallel. The stages of the pipelines are interconnected in a ring, with data being passed in only one direction around the ring. The volume integrated circuit also includes a render controller for controlling the flow of volume data to and from the pipelines and for controlling rendering operations of the pipelines. The integrated circuit may further include interfaces for coupling the integrated circuit to various storage devices and to a host computer.
摘要翻译：体绘制集成电路包括具有并行操作的多个相互连接的管道。管道的阶段以环形相互连接，数据仅在围绕环的一个方向上传递。音量集成电路还包括一个渲染控制器，用于控制到管道和从管道流出的数据流量，并用于控制管线的渲染操作。集成电路还可以包括用于将集成电路耦合到各种存储设备和主计算机的接口。

2. 发明授权

US06532017B1 Volume rendering pipeline 有权
标题翻译：卷渲染管道
公开(公告)号：US06532017B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US09315178
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： James M. Knittel , Stephen R. Burgess , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Christopher J. Kappler , Hugh C. Lauer , William R. Peet , Takahide Ohkami , Hanspeter Pfister
发明人： James M. Knittel , Stephen R. Burgess , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Christopher J. Kappler , Hugh C. Lauer , William R. Peet , Takahide Ohkami , Hanspeter Pfister
IPC分类号： G06T120
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06T15/08
摘要： A plurality of identical rendering pipelines are connected in parallel to read an array of voxels and to write an array of pixels. Each pipeline processes one voxel in one processing cycle of the pipelines. Each pipeline includes a plurality of serially connected different stages. The stages can include interpolation, classification, gradient estimation, illumination, and compositing stages. Interfaces connect identical stages in adjacent pipelines as one-way rings to communicate information associated with spatially adjacent voxels, and delay buffers connected parallel to particular stages communicate information associated with temporally adjacent voxels.
摘要翻译：多个相同的呈现管线并联连接以读取体素数组并写入像素阵列。每个管道在管道的一个处理循环中处理一个体素。每个管道包括多个串联连接的不同级。阶段可以包括插值，分类，梯度估计，照明和合成阶段。接口将相邻管道中的相同级连接为单向环以传送与空间相邻体素相关联的信息，并且与特定级并联连接的延迟缓冲器传送与时间相邻体素相关联的信息。

3. 发明授权

US06407737B1 Rendering a shear-warped partitioned volume data set 有权
标题翻译：渲染剪切变形的分区卷数据集
公开(公告)号：US06407737B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-18
申请号：US09315400
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： Tiecheng Zhao , Vishal C. Bhatia , Jan C. Hardenbergh , James M. Knittel , Hugh C. Lauer , Hanspeter Pfister
发明人： Tiecheng Zhao , Vishal C. Bhatia , Jan C. Hardenbergh , James M. Knittel , Hugh C. Lauer , Hanspeter Pfister
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T15/10
摘要： A volume data set having voxels arranged according to an object coordinate system is shear-warp rendered by partitioning, relative to the object coordinate system, the volume data set into a plurality of axis aligned sets of voxels. The selected axis aligned sets of voxels are rendered as pixels in intermediate baseplanes. There is one intermediate baseplane for each selected set of axis aligned voxels. The intermediate baseplanes are combined and warped to an image.
摘要翻译：具有根据对象坐标系排列的体元的体数据集是通过相对于对象坐标系将体数据集分割成多个轴对齐的体元组而进行的剪切变形。所选择的轴对齐的体素集被渲染为中间基板中的像素。每个选定的一组轴对齐的体素有一个中间基准面。将中间基板组合并翘曲成图像。

4. 发明授权

US06356265B1 Method and apparatus for modulating lighting with gradient magnitudes of volume data in a rendering pipeline 有权
标题翻译：用于在渲染管线中用体积数据的梯度幅度调制照明的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06356265B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-12
申请号：US09316122
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Drew R. Martin
发明人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Drew R. Martin
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T15/506 , G06T15/005 , G06T15/08 , G06T15/50
摘要： An apparatus generates lighting modulation factors for samples in a volume rendering pipeline. The apparatus includes a first arithmetic logic unit squaring a gradient magnitude vector of a sample to produce a squared gradient magnitude. A second arithmetic logic unit produces a gradient magnitude from the squared gradient magnitude. A shift register, connected to the first arithmetic logic unit, truncates a predetermined number of high bits of the squared gradient magnitude. A gradient magnitude modulation register stores modulation parameters. A first multiplexer, connected to the second arithmetic logic unit and the shift register, selects the truncated squared gradient magnitude as an index if an index source signal is true, and the gradient magnitude if the index source signal is false, and a memory table is indexes by the index to produce modulated opacity, emissive, diffuse and specular modulation factors.
摘要翻译：设备为体绘制流水线中的样品生成照明调制因子。该装置包括第一算术逻辑单元，对样本的梯度幅度矢量进行平方以产生平方梯度幅度。第二算术逻辑单元从平方梯度幅度产生梯度幅度。连接到第一算术逻辑单元的移位寄存器截断预定数量的平方梯度幅度的高位。梯度幅度调制寄存器存储调制参数。如果索引源信号为真，连接到第二算术逻辑单元和移位寄存器的第一多路复用器选择截断的平方梯度幅度作为索引，如果索引源信号为假，则选择梯度幅值，存储表是指数由指数产生调制不透明度，发射，漫反射和镜面调制因子。

5. 发明授权

US06342885B1 Method and apparatus for illuminating volume data in a rendering pipeline 有权
标题翻译：用于在渲染管线中照射体数据的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06342885B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-29
申请号：US09315661
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Urs H. Kanus , Drew R. Martin , Frederic H. Mokren
发明人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Urs H. Kanus , Drew R. Martin , Frederic H. Mokren
IPC分类号： G06T1500
CPC分类号： G06T15/506 , G06T15/50
摘要： An apparatus illuminates samples in a volume rendering pipeline. The apparatus includes the following units. A gradient magnitude modulation unit produces an opacity, emissive, diffuse and specular modulation factor from a gradient magnitude vector of each sample. A reflectance mapping unit produces a diffuse intensity and a specular intensity from the gradient magnitude vector of each sample and an eye vector of the volume. A first arithmetic logic unit combines an opacity of each sample with the corresponding opacity modulation factor to generate modulated opacities. A second arithmetic logic unit combines an emissive coefficient with the emissive modulation factor of each sample to generate modulated emissive coefficients. A third arithmetic logic unit combines the diffuse intensity with the diffuse modulation factor of each sample to generate modulated diffuse intensities. A fourth arithmetic logic unit combines the specular intensity with the specular modulation factor of each sample to generate modulated specular intensities, and a lighting unit applies the modulated emissive coefficient, modulated diffuse and specular intensities to color components of the samples to illuminate the volume sample.
摘要翻译：设备照亮体绘制流水线中的样本。该装置包括以下单元。梯度幅度调制单元从每个样本的梯度幅度矢量产生不透明度，发射，漫反射和镜面调制因子。反射映射单元从每个样本的梯度幅度向量和体积的眼矢量产生漫反射强度和镜面强度。第一算术逻辑单元将每个样本的不透明度与相应的不透明度调制因子相结合，以产生调制的不透明度。第二算术逻辑单元将发射系数与每个采样的发射调制因子相结合，以产生调制的发射系数。第三算术逻辑单元将漫射强度与每个样本的漫射调制因子相结合，以产生调制的漫射强度。第四算术逻辑单元将镜面强度与每个样本的镜面调制因子结合以产生调制镜面强度，并且照明单元将调制的发射系数，调制的漫射和镜面强度应用于样本的颜色分量以照亮体积样本。

6. 发明授权

US06411296B1 Method and apparatus for applying modulated lighting to volume data in a rendering pipeline 有权
标题翻译：将调制照明应用于渲染管线中的卷数据的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06411296B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-25
申请号：US09315263
申请日：1999-05-20
申请人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Urs H. Kanus , Drew R. Martin , Frederic H. Mokren
发明人： James M. Knittel , Jan C. Hardenbergh , Hanspeter Pfister , Urs H. Kanus , Drew R. Martin , Frederic H. Mokren
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06T1/20 , G06T15/08
摘要： Samples of a volume are lighted in a rendering pipeline by having a first arithmetic unit combine a modulated emissive coefficient with a modulated diffuse coefficient and a modulated diffuse intensity. A second arithmetic logic unit combines a specular coefficient with a modulated specular intensity and an opacity component of the sample. A third arithmetic unit combines the output of the second arithmetic logic unit and specular colors of the sample. A fourth arithmetic logic unit combines the output of the first arithmetic unit with colors of the sample, and a fifth arithmetic logic unit combines the output of the third and fourth arithmetic units to illuminate the sample.
摘要翻译：通过使第一运算单元将调制的发射系数与调制的漫射系数和调制的漫射强度相结合，体积的样本在渲染管线中被点亮。第二算术逻辑单元将镜面系数与样本的调制镜面强度和不透明度分量相结合。第三运算单元组合第二算术逻辑单元的输出和样本的镜面颜色。第四算术逻辑单元将第一算术单元的输出与样本的颜色相结合，第五算术逻辑单元组合第三和第四运算单元的输出以照亮样本。

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