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1. 发明授权

US6105017A Method and apparatus for deferring large object retrievals from a remote database in a heterogeneous database system 失效
标题翻译：用于在异构数据库系统中从远程数据库推迟大对象检索的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6105017A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US929642
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari , Tina Louise Mukai , Steven John Watts
发明人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari , Tina Louise Mukai , Steven John Watts
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30424 , Y10S707/99932
摘要： A database management method enables an improved efficiency processing action in a computer wherein manipulation of data from a table is required in accord with a query request, wherein the table is stored remotely from said computer and at least some data in the table includes large data objects (LOBs). The method includes the steps of: responding to the request by transmitting a query to the table; configuring a result set from the table in response to the query, wherein the result set includes one or more unique identifiers of any LOB data associated with the result set; receiving the result set and performing a data manipulation action on data contained in the result set to form a response; transferring the response to the query requester; and accessing LOB data from the table that is referenced by the one or more unique identifiers in the result set and causing transfer of the LOB data to the query requester.
摘要翻译：数据库管理方法能够在计算机中改进效率处理动作，其中根据查询请求对表中的数据进行操作，其中该表从所述计算机远程存储，并且该表中的至少一些数据包括大数据对象（LOB）。该方法包括以下步骤：通过向表发送查询来响应该请求; 从所述表中配置响应于所述查询的结果集，其中所述结果集包括与所述结果集相关联的任何LOB数据的一个或多个唯一标识符; 接收结果集并对包含在结果集中的数据执行数据操作动作以形成响应; 将响应传送给查询请求者; 以及从结果集中的一个或多个唯一标识符引用的表中访问LOB数据，并导致将LOB数据传送到查询请求者。

2. 发明授权

US5956727A Heterogeneous database system with data source extensibility and alteration of database functions 失效
标题翻译：具有数据源可扩展性和数据库功能更改的异构数据库系统
公开(公告)号：US5956727A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US929809
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： Tu-An Cheng , James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Yun Wang , Steven John Watts
发明人： Tu-An Cheng , James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Yun Wang , Steven John Watts
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30566 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A heterogeneous database system is described which includes plural database systems, one of the database systems acting as an interface (i.e., system manager). The system manager performs functions which provide an application program with transparent access to the entire database system. The system manager includes a memory for storing (i) a matrix of functional capabilities of each of the plural databases, (ii) a catalog of functions that are supportable by various databases and (iii) and entry matrix for providing an interface function between a user and the system manager. A processor is present in the system manager; and is responsive to a user entry, via the entry matrix, with respect to a functional capability of one of the plural databases, to alter a matrix of functional capabilities pertaining to the database. The alteration is carried out in accordance with a corresponding functional capability entry in the catalog. If a user entry is received which refers to a database for which no entry exists in the matrix of functional capabilities, the system manager presents an entry matrix in a form which reflects default functional capabilities. Thereafter, the default capabilities may be altered by a system administrator to reflect the capabilities of the new database.
摘要翻译：描述了一种异构数据库系统，其包括多个数据库系统，数据库系统之一充当接口（即系统管理器）。系统管理员执行向整个数据库系统提供透明访问的应用程序的功能。系统管理器包括用于存储（i）多个数据库中的每一个的功能性能矩阵的存储器，（ii）可由各种数据库支持的功能目录，以及（iii）和用于提供接口功能之间的接口功能的输入矩阵用户和系统管理员。处理器存在于系统管理器中; 并且相对于所述多个数据库之一的功能能力经由所述条目矩阵来响应于用户条目，以改变与所述数据库相关的功能能力的矩阵。该变更根据目录中相应的功能能力条目进行。如果接收到指向功能能力矩阵中没有条目的数据库的用户条目，则系统管理器以反映默认功能能力的形式呈现条目矩阵。此后，系统管理员可以更改默认功能以反映新数据库的功能。

3. 发明授权

US5943666A Method and apparatus for optimizing queries across heterogeneous databases 失效
标题翻译：用于优化跨异构数据库的查询的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5943666A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-24
申请号：US929877
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman
发明人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30463 , G06F17/30545 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A heterogeneous database system includes plural databases, one database acting as a system manager which performs functions to provide a transparent user interface that encompasses both the system manager database and other databases. The system manager includes a memory which stores (i) a database management procedure, (ii) a catalog of database functions that are supported by the plural databases, and (iii) a query optimizer procedure. A processor is responsive to a user query which requires data stored at a remote database, to execute the query optimizer procedure. The query optimizer procedure employs entries from the catalogue relating to database functions supported by both the system manager database and the remote database and establishes query plans for responding to the query. A first query plan is based upon execution at the remote database and a second query plan is based upon execution at the system manager database. The query optimizer then chooses one of the query plans in accordance with a determined criteria and causes the selected plan to be executed.
摘要翻译：异构数据库系统包括多个数据库，一个作为系统管理器的数据库，其执行功能以提供包含系统管理器数据库和其他数据库的透明用户界面。系统管理器包括存储器（i）数据库管理过程，（ii）由多个数据库支持的数据库功能的目录，以及（iii）查询优化器过程。处理器响应于需要在远程数据库处存储的数据的用户查询来执行查询优化器过程。查询优化器过程采用与目录相关的条目，与数据库功能相关的数据库功能由系统管理器数据库和远程数据库支持，并建立响应查询的查询计划。第一个查询计划是基于远程数据库上的执行，第二个查询计划是基于在系统管理器数据库执行的。查询优化器然后根据确定的标准选择一个查询计划，并导致所选择的计划被执行。

4. 发明授权

US6009428A System and method for providing a single application program interface for heterogeneous databases 失效
标题翻译：为异构数据库提供单个应用程序接口的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6009428A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-28
申请号：US931008
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Yun Wang
发明人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Yun Wang
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30569 , Y10S707/99932
摘要： An application program interface at a local processor enables transparent access to both a local database and a remote database. The remote database includes (i) a remote DBMS which segregates data into distinct remote datatype categories and (ii) remote data functions which define functions that are executable by the remote DBMS with respect to categories of remote datatypes. The local processor includes a memory which stores (i) a local DBMS that includes local datatypes which segregate locally stored data into local datatypes; (ii) local functions which define actions that are executable by the local DBMS with respect to defined categories of the local datatypes, and (iii) tables which store a mapping between local datatypes and remote datatypes, and local functions and remote functions. The mapping between at least one local datatype and at least one remote datatype indicates that the remote datatype is to be transformed into a local defined datatype that is different than the remote datatype. A local processor employs the table to convert a received instance of the at least one remote datatype to a mapped local datatype and subjects data comprising the instance of the remote datatype to a local function which is not executable for the remote datatype. The application program interface further enables specification of a function to be carried out at the remote database with respect to data stored thereat, which function is not readily performable by the local processor.
摘要翻译：本地处理器上的应用程序接口可实现对本地数据库和远程数据库的透明访问。远程数据库包括（i）远程DBMS，其将数据分离成不同的远程数据类型类别，以及（ii）远程数据功能，其定义关于远程数据类型的远程DBMS可执行的功能。本地处理器包括存储器（i）本地DBMS，其包括将本地存储的数据分离成本地数据类型的本地数据类型; （ii）定义本地DBMS相对于本地数据类型的定义类别可执行的操作的本地功能，以及（iii）存储本地数据类型和远程数据类型之间的映射以及本地功能和远程功能的表。至少一个本地数据类型与至少一个远程数据类型之间的映射表明远程数据类型将被转换为与远程数据类型不同的本地定义的数据类型。本地处理器使用该表将所接收的至少一个远程数据类型的实例转换为映射的本地数据类型，并将包含远程数据类型的实例的数据主题转换为对远程数据类型不可执行的本地功能。应用程序接口还能够指定要在远程数据库处执行的功能，该功能关于存储在其上的数据，该功能不容易被本地处理器执行。

5. 发明授权

US5903887A Method and apparatus for caching result sets from queries to a remote database in a heterogeneous database system 失效
标题翻译：在异构数据库系统中将结果集从查询缓存到远程数据库的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5903887A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-11
申请号：US931003
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari , Shivakumar Venkataraman
发明人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari , Shivakumar Venkataraman
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30457 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： A method enables a data manipulation action to occur between data from a data source and data in a table in a database, where the database is remote from the data source. The method includes the steps of: determining whether data from the data source comprises unique values, and if not, enabling a caching procedure. The caching procedure obtains values from the data source and transmits a query to a database management system which controls the table, including a value from the data source. A result set is received from the table, is cached, and additionally is stored for purposes of responding to the query. Thereafter, if a value from the data source is retrieved which is identical to a previously retrieved data source value, the cached corresponding result set is utilized, in lieu of transmitting a further query to the table.
摘要翻译：一种方法可以在数据源的数据和数据库中数据库远离数据源的表中的数据之间发生数据操纵动作。该方法包括以下步骤：确定来自数据源的数据是否包含唯一值，如果不是，则启用高速缓存过程。缓存过程从数据源获取值，并将查询发送到控制表的数据库管理系统，包括数据源中的值。从表中接收到结果集，被缓存，并且另外存储用于响应查询的目的。此后，如果检索到与先前检索的数据源值相同的来自数据源的值，则利用缓存的对应结果集来代替向表发送另外的查询。

6. 发明授权

US5903893A Method and apparatus for optimizing a merge-join operation across heterogeneous databases 失效
标题翻译：用于优化跨异构数据库的合并连接操作的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5903893A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-11
申请号：US931404
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari
发明人： James Charles Kleewein , Eileen Tien Lin , Hemant Maheshwari
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30498
摘要： An improved join operation is performed between data in at least two tables, with one of the tables stored in a remote database (hereafter "remote table") and another table stored in a local database (hereafter "local table"). The entry values in both the local table and the remote table are accessible in an ordered manner, based upon an order of the entry values. The method of the join operation generally includes the steps of: determining a count of a number of entry values that reside in the local table that are to be joined with entry values in the remote table; comparing the count with a threshold value, and (i) if the count exceeds the threshold value, issuing a query to the remote table to fetch a range of entry values therefrom, the range determined by the range of entry values to be joined from the local table; and (ii) if the count does not exceed the threshold value, issuing a query to the remote table to fetch each specific entry value that matches the entry values to be joined from the local table.
摘要翻译：在至少两个表中的数据之间执行改进的连接操作，其中存储在远程数据库中的一个表（以下称为“远程表”）和存储在本地数据库中的另一表（以下称为“本地表”）。基于入口值的顺序，可以以有序的方式访问本地表和远程表中的条目值。连接操作的方法通常包括以下步骤：确定驻留在本地表中将与远程表中的条目值连接的条目值的数量; 将所述计数与阈值进行比较，以及（i）如果所述计数超过所述阈值，则向所述远程表发出查询以从其获取一定范围的入口值，所述范围由所述入口值的范围确定，当地表和（ii）如果计数不超过阈值，则向远程表发出查询以从本地表获取与要连接的条目值匹配的每个特定条目值。

7. 发明授权

US06526403B1 Method, computer program product, and system for rewriting database queries in a heterogenous environment 失效
标题翻译：方法，计算机程序产品和用于在异构环境中重写数据库查询的系统
公开(公告)号：US06526403B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09466492
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman , Tian Zhang
发明人： Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman , Tian Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30463 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A method, computer product, and system for rewriting database without decreasing pushdownability is provided. First, a pushdown analysis of the query in its entirety is performed prior to the application of any query rewrite rules in order to establish a baseline on pushdownability for the query. The results of this analysis is stored with the internal query representation. After each rule is applied to rewrite a portion of a query, that rewritten portion is analyzed again for pushdownability. If pushdownability is not decreased, then the rewritten query remains and the internal representation of the query is updated to reflect the pushdownability of that portion. If pushdownability is decreased, then an undo operation is applied to the rewritten portion of the query to back out the effects of the rule and leave the query in the same state as before the rewrite. Finally, additional rewrite rules that are directed to the heterogeneous database environment are also provided.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于重写数据库而不降低可压缩性的方法，计算机产品和系统。首先，在应用任何查询重写规则之前执行整个查询的下推分析，以便建立查询的可推式性的基线。该分析的结果与内部查询表示一起存储。每个规则应用于重写查询的一部分后，再次分析重写的部分以进行推测。如果下推性不降低，则重写的查询将保留，并更新查询的内部表示形式，以反映该部分的可推移性。如果可压缩性降低，则对查询的重写部分应用撤消操作，以排除规则的影响，并使查询处于与重写前相同的状态。最后，还提供了针对异构数据库环境的其他重写规则。

8. 发明授权

US07386841B2 Technique for determining a target data type in a heterogeneous multi-level environment 有权
标题翻译：用于在异构多级环境中确定目标数据类型的技术
公开(公告)号：US07386841B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-10
申请号：US10703296
申请日：2003-11-06
申请人： Lan Huang , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Amit Radheshyam Somani , Yang Sun
发明人： Lan Huang , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Amit Radheshyam Somani , Yang Sun
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F17/30566 , Y10S707/99945
摘要： A method of determining a target data type in an environment having a plurality of levels is provided. Zero or more intermediate levels are between the source level and the target level. A target data type representing the transformation of a data type of an associated datum as the datum passes from the source level through the zero or more intermediate levels to the target level is generated. In another aspect of the invention, the datum is assigned to the target level in accordance with the target data type. In yet another aspect of the invention, the target data type is passed with the associated datum, via the zero or more intermediate levels to the target level.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在具有多个级别的环境中确定目标数据类型的方法。零级或更多的中间级别在源级别和目标级别之间。生成表示当基准从源级别通过零个或多个中间级别传递到目标级别时相关联的数据的数据类型的变换的目标数据类型。在本发明的另一方面，根据目标数据类型将数据分配给目标级别。在本发明的另一方面，目标数据类型通过相关联的数据经由零个或多个中间级别传递到目标级别。

9. 发明授权

US06615203B1 Method, computer program product, and system for pushdown analysis during query plan generation 有权
标题翻译：方法，计算机程序产品和查询计划生成期间下推分析系统
公开(公告)号：US06615203B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US09466560
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman , Tian Zhang
发明人： Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai , Shivakumar Venkataraman , Tian Zhang
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30463 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： A method, computer product, and system for pushdown analysis during query plan generation is provided. Rather than do pushdown analysis for portions of a query that are query execution plan independent, the present invention provides pushdown analysis for features of a query that are plan dependent. This is done by evaluating a portion of the query plan for pushdownability to a remote database system; and if pushdownable to the remote database system, generating cost parameters for the portion of the plan if executed at a local database system and if executed at the remote database system. With both sets of cost parameters, the query optimizer has added information on which to select an optimal query plan.
摘要翻译：提供了一种查询计划生成过程中用于下推分析的方法，计算机产品和系统。本发明不是针对不依赖于查询执行计划的查询的部分进行下推分析，而是针对依赖于计划的查询的特征提供下推分析。这可以通过评估查询计划的一部分来实现对远程数据库系统的可推延性; 并且如果可以向远端数据库系统推送，则在本地数据库系统上执行并且如果在远程数据库系统上执行，则为计划的该部分生成成本参数。使用两组成本参数，查询优化器添加了选择最佳查询计划的信息。

10. 发明授权

US07856462B2 System and computer program product for performing an inexact query transformation in a heterogeneous environment 失效
标题翻译：用于在异构环境中执行不精确查询转换的系统和计算机程序产品
公开(公告)号：US07856462B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-21
申请号：US12259979
申请日：2008-10-28
申请人： Lan Huang , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai
发明人： Lan Huang , Eileen Tien Lin , Tina Louise Mukai
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30427 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： An inexact query transformation system selects a query element from a query statement. If an inexact transformation improves the query performance, the system prioritizes the candidate transformation rules applicable to the selected query element. The system applies the candidate transformation rules to the selected query element to generate a transformed query element that includes a transformed remote query element. If the transformed remote query element is pushdownable, the system adds the transformed remote query element to a transformed inexact query output. Otherwise, the system applies additional candidate transformation rules to the selected query element to generate the transformed inexact query output. The system applies the transformed inexact query output to a heterogeneous datastore to provide an output query result.
摘要翻译：不精确的查询转换系统从查询语句中选择查询元素。如果不精确的转换提高了查询性能，系统将适用于所选查询元素的候选转换规则确定优先级。系统将候选变换规则应用于所选择的查询元素，以生成包含经变换的远程查询元素的变换查询元素。如果转换后的远程查询元素是可下载的，则系统将转换后的远程查询元素添加到已转换的不精确查询输出。否则，系统对所选择的查询元素应用附加的候选变换规则以生成变换的不精确查询输出。系统将转换的不精确查询输出应用于异构数据存储区以提供输出查询结果。

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