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1. 发明授权

US06194096B1 Carbon bodies resistant to deterioration by oxidizing gases 失效
标题翻译：通过氧化气体耐恶化的碳体
公开(公告)号：US06194096B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09101349
申请日：1998-11-25
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： H01M488
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/5006 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/85 , C04B41/89 , C04B2111/00853 , C04B2111/00879 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/125 , C04B41/4535 , C04B41/4572 , C04B41/50 , C04B41/5089 , C04B41/522 , C04B41/5022 , C04B41/507 , C04B35/52 , C04B41/4521 , C04B41/4543 , C04B41/5007
摘要： A carbon body, in particular a prebaked anode of an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminum by the electrolysis of alumina in a molten fluoride electrolyte, is treated over its surfaces to improve the resistance thereof to deterioration during operation of the cell by air and oxidizing gases released at the anode, by immersing the body in a treating liquid containing a soluble boron compound and at least one additive from the group consisting of aluminum compounds, calcium compounds, sodium compounds, magnesium compounds, silicon compounds, elemental carbon, and elemental aluminum, said additive being in the form of a powder, in suspension such as a colloid, or in solution, e.g., at 80° to 120° C. The same treatment can also be applied to a carbon mass forming a Söderberg anode and to cell sidewalls. The additives increase strength and improve oxidation resistance compared to impregnation with boric acid alone.
摘要翻译：碳体，特别是用于通过在熔融氟化物电解质中电解氧化铝来生产铝的电解槽的预烘烤阳极在其表面上进行处理，以提高其在空气和氧化下电池操作期间的劣化性通过将体内浸入含有可溶性硼化合物的处理液和至少一种由铝化合物，钙化合物，钠化合物，镁化合物，硅化合物，元素碳和元素铝组成的组中的添加剂而释放出的气体所述添加剂为粉末状，悬浮液如胶体，或在溶液中，例如在80℃至120℃。同样的处理也可应用于形成Söderberg阳极和细胞的碳质量侧壁与单独使用硼酸浸渍相比，添加剂增加了强度并提高了抗氧化性。

2. 发明授权

US6103091A Production of bodies of refractory borides for use in aluminum electrowinning cells 失效
$Production of bodies of refractory borides for use in aluminum electrowinning cells$
标题翻译：生产用于铝电解池的难熔硼化物体
公开(公告)号：US6103091A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-15
申请号：US29485
申请日：1998-06-19
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
IPC分类号： C04B35/58 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/88 , C25C3/08 , C25B9/00 , C25C7/00 , C25D17/00
CPC分类号： C04B35/58064 , C04B35/58071 , C04B35/58078 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/5155 , C04B41/88 , C25C3/08
摘要： A method of producing a self-sustaining body of refractory boride from the group consisting of the borides of titanium, chromium, vanadium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and cerium. This body includes a refractory boride and a dried colloid from the group consisting of colloidal alumina, silica, yttria, ceria, thoria, magnesia, lithia, monoaluminium phosphate and cerium acetate and is obtained from a slurry of the refractory boride in one or more of said colloids by casting the slurry on a porous plaster layer, and drying the cast slurry by draining through the plaster, or by pressing/drying. Subsequently, the dried body is subjected to heat treatment to bond the refractory boride in the dried colloid. The bodies are useful as components of aluminium electrowinning cells.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / IB96 / 00823 Sec。 371日期：1998年6月19日 102（e）1998年6月19日PCT PCT 1996年8月21日PCT公布。出版物WO97 / 08114 日期1997年3月6日由钛，铬，钒，锆，铪，铌，钽，钼和铈组成的组中生产耐火硼化物的自持体的方法。本体包括耐火硼化物和由胶态氧化铝，二氧化硅，氧化钇，二氧化铈，氧化钍，氧化镁，锂二氧化铈，氧化铝，磷酸铝和乙酸铈组成的组中的干燥胶体，并由耐火硼化物的浆料在一种或多种所述胶体通过将浆料浇注在多孔石膏层上，并通过排出石膏或通过压制/干燥来干燥铸浆。随后，将干燥的物体进行热处理以将耐火硼化物与干燥的胶体结合。这些物体可用作铝电解池的组分。

3. 发明授权

US5753163A Production of bodies of refractory borides 失效
$Production of bodies of refractory borides$
标题翻译：耐火硼化物的生产
公开(公告)号：US5753163A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-19
申请号：US519711
申请日：1995-08-28
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio De Nora
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio De Nora
IPC分类号： C04B35/58 , C04B41/51 , C04B41/88 , C25C3/08 , B28B1/26
CPC分类号： C04B35/58064 , C04B35/58071 , C04B35/58078 , C04B41/009 , C04B41/5155 , C04B41/88 , C25C3/08
摘要： A method of producing a self-sustaining body of refractory boride from the group consisting of the borides of titanium, chromium, vanadium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and cerium. This body includes a refractory boride and a dried colloid from the group consisting of colloidal alumina, silica, yttria, ceria, thoria, magnesia, lithia, monoaluminium phosphate and cerium acetate and is obtained from a slurry of the refractory boride in one or more of said colloids by casting the slurry on a porous plaster layer, and drying the cast slurry by draining through the plaster, or by pressing/drying. Subsequently, the dried body is subjected to heat treatment to bond the refractory boride in the dried colloid. The bodies are useful as components of aluminium electrowinning cells.
摘要翻译：从由钛，铬，钒，锆，铪，铌，钽，钼和铈组成的组中生产耐火硼化物的自持体的方法。本体包括耐火硼化物和由胶态氧化铝，二氧化硅，氧化钇，二氧化铈，氧化钍，氧化镁，锂二氧化铈，氧化铝，磷酸铝和乙酸铈组成的组中的干燥胶体，并由耐火硼化物的浆料在一种或多种所述胶体通过将浆料浇注在多孔石膏层上，并通过排出石膏或通过压制/干燥来干燥铸浆。随后，将干燥的物体进行热处理以将耐火硼化物与干燥的胶体结合。这些物体可用作铝电解池的组分。

4. 发明授权

US5904828A Stable anodes for aluminium production cells 失效
标题翻译：铝生产电池的稳定阳极
公开(公告)号：US5904828A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US817246
申请日：1997-04-11
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James Jenq Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James Jenq Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C3/12
CPC分类号： C25C3/12
摘要： An anode for the electrowinning of aluminium by the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in a molten fluoride electrolyte comprises a porous combustion synthesis product of nickel, aluminium, iron, copper and optional doping elements in the amounts 50-90 wt. % nickel, 3-20 wt. % aluminium, 5-20 wt. % iron, 0-15 wt. % copper and 0-5 wt. % of one or more of chromium, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, cobalt, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, yttrium, cerium, oxygen, boron and nitrogen. The combustion synthesis product contains metallic and intermetallic phases. A composite oxide surface is produced in situ by anodic polarization of the porous combustion synthesis product in a molten fluoride electrolyte containing dissolved alumina. The in situ formed composite oxide surface comprises an iron-rich relatively dense outer portion, and an aluminate-rich relatively porous inner portion.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / IB95 / 00801 Sec。 371日期1997年04月11日 102（e）日期1997年4月11日PCT提交1995年9月27日PCT公布。公开号WO96 / 12833 日期1996年5月2日通过电解溶解在熔融氟化物电解质中的氧化铝电解铝的阳极包括镍，铝，铁，铜的多孔燃烧合成产物和50-90重量％的任选的掺杂元素。％镍，3-20重量％％铝，5-20wt。％铁，0-15重量％％铜和0-5重量％铬，锰，钛，钼，钴，锆，铌，钽，钇，铈，氧，硼和氮中的一种或多种的％。燃烧合成产物含有金属和金属间相。复合氧化物表面通过多孔燃烧合成产物在含有溶解的氧化铝的熔融氟化物电解液中的阳极极化原位产生。原位形成的复合氧化物表面包含富含铁的相对致密的外部部分和富含铝酸盐的相对多孔的内部部分。

5. 发明授权

US06638412B2 Prevention of dissolution of metal-based aluminium production anodes 失效
公开(公告)号：US06638412B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-28
申请号：US10112673
申请日：2002-03-30
申请人： Vittorio De Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Vittorio De Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/06 , C25C3/08
摘要： A method of inhibiting dissolution of a transition metal alloy anode (40) of an aluminium electrowinning cell comprises providing a sodium-inert layer (11,20,50,50′) on a sodium-active cathodic cell material (15), such as carbon, and electrolysing alumina dissolved in a sodium ion-containing molten electrolyte (30). Aluminium ions rather than sodium ions are cathodically reduced on the sodium-inert layer to inhibit the presence in the molten electrolyte (30) of soluble cathodically-produced sodium metal that constitutes an agent for chemically reducing the anode's transition metal oxides and anodically evolved oxygen, thereby inhibiting reduction of the anode's transition metal oxides by sodium metal and maintaining the evolved oxygen at the anode at a concentration such as to produce at the alloy/oxide layer interface stable and coherent transition metal oxides having a high level of oxidation. The sodium-inert layer may comprise molten aluminium (20) and/or a layer of refractory hard material (11,50,50′).

6. 发明授权

US06372099B1 Cells for the electrowinning of aluminium having dimensionally stable metal-based anodes 失效
标题翻译：用于电沉积具有尺寸稳定的金属阳极的铝的电池
公开(公告)号：US06372099B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09126839
申请日：1998-07-30
申请人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
发明人： Jean-Jacques Duruz , Vittorio de Nora
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/12 , C25C3/06
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminium comprising one or more anodes, each having a metal-based anode substrate, comprising a metal core covered with an metal layer, an oxygen barrier layer, one or more intermediate layers and an iron layer. The anode substrate is covered with an electrochemically active iron oxide-based outside layer, particularly a hematite-based layer, which remains dimensionally stable during operation in a cell by maintaining in the electrolyte a sufficient concentration of iron species. The cell operating temperature is sufficiently low so the required concentration of iron species in the electrolyte is limited by the reduced solubility of iron species in the electrolyte at the operating temperature, limiting the contamination of the product aluminium by iron to an acceptable level. The iron oxide-based layer is an applied coating or an oxidised surface of a substrate, the surface of which contains iron.
摘要翻译：一种用于电解提取铝的电池，包括一个或多个阳极，每个阳极均具有金属基阳极衬底，包括覆盖有金属层的金属芯，氧阻隔层，一个或多个中间层和铁层。阳极基底被电化学活性氧化铁基外层覆盖，特别是赤铁矿基层，其通过在电解液中维持足够浓度的铁种而在电池操作期间保持尺寸稳定。电池工作温度足够低，因此电解质中所需的铁物质浓度受到在操作温度下铁物质在电解质中的溶解度的限制，从而将产品铝的铁污染限制在可接受的水平。氧化铁基层是基材的涂布或氧化表面，其表面含有铁。

7. 发明授权

US5071533A Cathode current collector for aluminum cells 失效
标题翻译：铝电池阴极电流收集器
公开(公告)号：US5071533A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US466367
申请日：1990-03-15
申请人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Vittorio de Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C20060101 , C25C3/08 , C25C3/16
CPC分类号： C25C3/16 , C25C3/08
摘要： An aluminum production cell with a non-conductive cell bottom composed predominantly of alumina (1) has a plurality of vertical current collector plates or posts (3), e.g., of steel protected at their upper ends by a carbon body (4), e.g., a plate, slab or cap which contacts the cathodic pool of molten aluminum (10).

8. 发明授权

US5985114A Carbon bodies resistant to deterioration by oxidizing gases 失效
标题翻译：通过氧化气体耐恶化的碳体
公开(公告)号：US5985114A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-16
申请号：US929497
申请日：1997-09-15
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James Jenq Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James Jenq Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C04B41/50 , C04B41/85 , C25C3/12 , C25B11/00
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/5006 , C04B41/85 , C25C3/125 , C04B2111/00879
摘要： A carbon body, in particular a pre-baked anode of an electrolytic cell for the production of aluminium by the electrolysis of alumina in a molten fluoride electrolyte is treated over its surfaces to improve the resistance thereof to deterioration during operation of the cell by air and oxidizing gases released at the anode, by treating the body with a treating liquid comprising a precipitable boron-containing compound and an additive, said additive being present in an amount so that substantially no separate phase from said the precipitate of said boron-containing compound is formed upon curing. Suitable boron oxide additives include colloidal alumina, silica, yttria, ceria, thoria, zirconia, magnesia, lithia, monoaluminium phosphate, cerium acetate and mixtures thereof. The same treatment can also be applied to a carbon mass forming a Soderberg anode and to cell sidewalls.
摘要翻译：通过在其表面上处理碳体，特别是用于通过在熔融氟化物电解质中电解氧化铝来生产铝的电解槽的预烘烤阳极，以改善电池在空气运行期间的劣化的电阻，以及通过用包含可沉淀的含硼化合物和添加剂的处理液对人体进行处理，所述添加剂的存在量使得与所述含硼化合物的沉淀基本上不分离的相是固化后形成。合适的氧化硼添加剂包括胶体氧化铝，二氧化硅，氧化钇，氧化铈，氧化钍，氧化锆，氧化镁，锂二氧化硅，磷酸铝，乙酸铈和它们的混合物。同样的处理也可以应用于形成S + E，uml + EE derberg阳极和细胞侧壁的碳质量。

9. 发明授权

US5510008A Stable anodes for aluminium production cells 失效
标题翻译：铝生产电池的稳定阳极
公开(公告)号：US5510008A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-23
申请号：US327322
申请日：1994-10-21
申请人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James J. Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Jainagesh A. Sekhar , James J. Liu , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C3/12
CPC分类号： C25C3/12
摘要： An anode for the electrowinning of aluminium by the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in a molten fluoride electrolyte comprises a porous combustion synthesis product of nickel, aluminium, iron, copper and optional doping elements in the amounts 60-90 wt % nickel, 3-10 wt % aluminium, 5-20 wt % iron, 0-15 wt % copper and 0-5 wt % of one or more of chromium, manganese, titanium, molybdenum, cobalt, zirconium, niobium, yttrium, cerium, oxygen, boron and nitrogen. The combustion synthesis product contains metallic and intermetallic phases. A composite oxide surface is produced in-situ by anodic polarization of the porous combustion synthesis product in a molten fluoride electrolyte containing dissolved alumina. The in-situ formed composite oxide surface comprises an iron-rich relatively dense outer portion, and an aluminate-rich relatively porous inner portion.
摘要翻译：用于通过电解溶解在熔融氟化物电解质中的氧化铝电解铝的阳极包括镍，铝，铁，铜和任选的掺杂元素的多孔燃烧合成产物，其量为60-90重量％的镍，3-10重量％％铝，5-20重量％铁，0-15重量％铜和0-5重量％铬，锰，钛，钼，钴，锆，铌，钇，铈，氧，硼和氮中的一种或多种。燃烧合成产物含有金属和金属间相。复合氧化物表面通过多孔燃烧合成产物在含有溶解的氧化铝的熔融氟化物电解液中的阳极极化原位产生。原位形成的复合氧化物表面包含富含铁的相对致密的外部部分和富含铝酸盐的相对多孔的内部部分。

10. 发明授权

US06783656B2 Low temperature operating cell for the electrowinning of aluminium 失效
标题翻译：用于电解铝的低温操作电池
公开(公告)号：US06783656B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US10133198
申请日：2002-04-27
申请人： Vittorio De Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
发明人： Vittorio De Nora , Jean-Jacques Duruz
IPC分类号： C25C308
CPC分类号： C25C3/08 , C25C3/06
摘要： A cell for the electrowinning of aluminum using anodes (10) made from a alloy of iron with nickel and/or cobalt is arranged to produce aluminum of low contamination and of commercial high grade quality. The cell comprises a cathode (20) of drained configuration and operates at reduced temperature without formation of a crust or ledge of solidified electrolyte. The cell is thermally insulated using an insulating cover (65,65a,65b,65c) and an insulating sidewall lining (71). The molten electrolyte (30) is substantially saturated with alumina, particularly on the electrochemically active anode surface, and with species of at least one major metal present at the surface of the nickel-iron alloy based anodes (10). The cell is preferably operated at reduced temperature from 730° to 910° C. to limit the solubility of these metal species and consequently the contamination of the product aluminum.
摘要翻译：使用由铁与镍和/或钴的合金制成的阳极（10）电解铝的电池被布置成产生低污染和商业高品质的铝。电池包括排水构造的阴极（20），并且在降低的温度下操作，而不形成凝固电解质的外壳或凸缘。电池使用绝缘盖（65,65a，65b，65c）和绝缘侧壁衬里（71）进行绝热。熔融的电解质（30）基本上被氧化铝饱和，特别是在电化学活性阳极表面上，以及存在于镍 - 铁合金基阳极（10）表面的至少一种主要金属的物质。电池优选在730℃至910℃的低温下操作，以限制这些金属物质的溶解度，从而限制产品铝的污染。

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