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1. 发明授权

US07574024B2 Centerline and tree branch skeleton determination for virtual objects 有权
标题翻译：虚拟对象的中心线和树枝骨架确定
公开(公告)号：US07574024B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-11
申请号：US10380211
申请日：2001-10-02
申请人： Ingmar Bitter , Ming Wan , Arie E. Kaufman , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Zhengrong Liang , Mark R. Wax
发明人： Ingmar Bitter , Ming Wan , Arie E. Kaufman , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Zhengrong Liang , Mark R. Wax
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T19/20 , G06T7/12 , G06T7/62 , G06T7/64 , G06T15/08 , G06T15/10 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2207/10072 , G06T2207/20044 , G06T2207/20132 , G06T2207/30028 , G06T2207/30061 , G06T2207/30172 , G06T2210/41 , G06T2219/028 , G06T2219/2012
摘要： In accordance with the present invention, a method for determining a centerline through a region of interest in a 3D image dataset is provided. The method includes identifying the boundaries of the region of interest and identifying the endpoints of the region of interest. For those points within the boundaries, a penalty value which is a function of the proximity of the point to a boundary is determined. A centerline is then identified by the path connecting the endpoints which has the minimum penalized distance wherein the penalized distance reflects the actual accumulated pathlength and the penalties associated with the points along the path. From the centerline, branches of a complete skeleton can be established by determining branch endpoints and then finding the minimum penalized distance from each endpoint the centerline or another intersecting branch.
摘要翻译：根据本发明，提供了一种通过3D图像数据集中的感兴趣区域确定中心线的方法。该方法包括识别感兴趣区域的边界并识别感兴趣区域的端点。对于边界内的那些点，确定作为点到边界的接近度的函数的惩罚值。然后通过连接具有最小惩罚距离的端点的路径来识别中心线，其中惩罚距离反映实际累积路径长度和与沿着路径的点相关联的惩罚。从中心线，可以通过确定分支端点，然后从中心线或另一个相交分支的每个端点找到最小惩罚距离来建立完整骨架的分支。

2. 发明授权

US07706600B2 Enhanced virtual navigation and examination 有权
标题翻译：增强虚拟导航和检查
公开(公告)号：US07706600B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-27
申请号：US10380210
申请日：2001-10-02
申请人： Kevin Kreeger , Sarang Lakare , Zhenrong Liang , Mark R. Wax , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Dongqing Chen , Arie E. Kaufman
发明人： Kevin Kreeger , Sarang Lakare , Zhenrong Liang , Mark R. Wax , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Dongqing Chen , Arie E. Kaufman
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06K9/36 , A61B5/05 , G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T19/20 , G06T7/12 , G06T7/62 , G06T7/64 , G06T15/08 , G06T15/10 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2207/10072 , G06T2207/20044 , G06T2207/20132 , G06T2207/30028 , G06T2207/30061 , G06T2207/30172 , G06T2210/41 , G06T2219/028 , G06T2219/2012
摘要： Virtual navigation (2255) and examination of virtual objects are enhanced using methods of insuring that an entire surface to be examined has been properly viewed. A user interface (FIG. 23) identifies regions which have not been subject to examination and provides a mechanism (2250) to route the user to these regions in the 3D display. Virtual examination is further improved by the use of measuring disks (905) to enhance quantitative measurements such as diameter, distance, volume and angle. Yet another enhancement to the virtual examination of objects is a method of electronic segmentation, or cleaning, which corrects for partial volume effects occurring in an object.
摘要翻译：虚拟导航（2255）和虚拟对象的检查是通过确保正确观察整个被检查表面的方法得到增强。用户界面（图23）识别未经检查的区域，并且提供将用户定向到3D显示中的这些区域的机构（2250）。通过使用测量盘（905）进一步提高虚拟检查以增强诸如直径，距离，体积和角度的定量测量。对物体的虚拟检查的另一个增强是电子分割或清洁的方法，其校正在对象中发生的部分体积效应。

3. 发明授权

US07471291B2 Apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal three-dimensional rendering 失效
标题翻译：用于实时体积处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07471291B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-30
申请号：US11556993
申请日：2006-11-06
申请人： Arie E. Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
发明人： Arie E. Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
IPC分类号： G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/08 , G06T15/06 , G06T15/40
摘要： An apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal three-dimensional rendering. The apparatus includes a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) memory units; at least one pixel bus for providing global horizontal communication; a plurality of rendering pipelines; at least one geometry bus; and a control unit. The apparatus includes a block processor having a circular ray integration pipeline for processing voxel data and ray data. Rays are generally processed in image order thus permitting great flexibility (e.g., perspective projection, global illumination). The block processor includes a splatting unit and a scattering unit. A method for casting shadows and performing global illumination in relation to light sources includes sweeping a two dimensional array of rays through the volume can also be implemented with the apparatus. A method for approximating a perspective projection includes using parallel projection.
摘要翻译：用于实时卷处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法。该装置包括多个三维（3D）存储器单元; 用于提供全局水平通信的至少一个像素总线; 多个渲染管线; 至少一个几何总线; 和控制单元。该装置包括具有用于处理体素数据和射线数据的圆形射线集成管线的块处理器。通常以图像顺序处理光线，从而允许很大的灵活性（例如，透视投影，全局照明）。块处理器包括分散单元和散射单元。用于投射阴影和执行与光源相关的全局照明的方法包括扫描通过该体积的二维阵列的射线也可以用该装置来实现。用于近似透视投影的方法包括使用平行投影。

4. 发明授权

US07133041B2 Apparatus and method for volume processing and rendering 失效
标题翻译：用于体积处理和渲染的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07133041B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-07
申请号：US10204685
申请日：2001-02-26
申请人： Arie E. Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
发明人： Arie E. Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/08 , G06T15/06 , G06T15/40
摘要： An apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal three-dimensional rendering. The apparatus includes a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) memory units; at least one pixel bus for providing global horizontal communication; a plurality of rendering pipelines; at least one geometry bus; and a control unit. The apparatus includes a block processor having a circular ray integration pipeline for processing voxel data and ray data. Rays are generally processed in image order thus permitting great flexibility (e.g., perspective projection, global illumination). The block processor includes a splatting unit and a scattering unit. A method for casting shadows and performing global illumination in relation to light sources includes sweeping a two dimensional array of rays through the volume can also be implemented with the apparatus. A method for approximating a perspective projection includes using parallel projection.
摘要翻译：用于实时卷处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法。该装置包括多个三维（3D）存储器单元; 用于提供全局水平通信的至少一个像素总线; 多个渲染管线; 至少一个几何总线; 和控制单元。该装置包括具有用于处理体素数据和射线数据的圆形射线集成管线的块处理器。通常以图像顺序处理光线，从而允许很大的灵活性（例如，透视投影，全局照明）。块处理器包括分散单元和散射单元。用于投射阴影和执行与光源相关的全局照明的方法包括扫描通过该体积的二维阵列的射线也可以用该装置来实现。用于近似透视投影的方法包括使用平行投影。

5. 发明申请

US20070206008A1 Apparatus and Method for Real-Time Volume Processing and Universal Three-Dimensional Rendering 失效
标题翻译：用于实时卷处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070206008A1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-06
申请号：US11556993
申请日：2006-11-06
申请人： Arie Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
发明人： Arie Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger , Baoquan Chen
IPC分类号： G06T15/20
CPC分类号： G06T15/08 , G06T15/06 , G06T15/40
摘要： An apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal three-dimensional rendering. The apparatus includes a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) memory units; at least one pixel bus for providing global horizontal communication; a plurality of rendering pipelines; at least one geometry bus; and a control unit. The apparatus includes a block processor having a circular ray integration pipeline for processing voxel data and ray data. Rays are generally processed in image order thus permitting great flexibility (e.g., perspective projection, global illumination). The block processor includes a splatting unit and a scattering unit. A method for casting shadows and performing global illumination in relation to light sources includes sweeping a two dimensional array of rays through the volume can also be implemented with the apparatus. A method for approximating a perspective projection includes using parallel projection.
摘要翻译：用于实时卷处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法。该装置包括多个三维（3D）存储器单元; 用于提供全局水平通信的至少一个像素总线; 多个渲染管线; 至少一个几何总线; 和控制单元。该装置包括具有用于处理体素数据和射线数据的圆形射线集成管线的块处理器。通常以图像顺序处理光线，从而允许很大的灵活性（例如，透视投影，全局照明）。块处理器包括分散单元和散射单元。用于投射阴影和执行与光源相关的全局照明的方法包括扫描通过该体积的二维阵列的射线也可以用该装置来实现。用于近似透视投影的方法包括使用平行投影。

6. 发明授权

US06674430B1 Apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal 3D rendering 失效
标题翻译：用于实时音量处理和通用3D渲染的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06674430B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09354876
申请日：1999-07-16
申请人： Arie Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Baoquan Chen , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger
发明人： Arie Kaufman , Ingmar Bitter , Baoquan Chen , Frank Dachille , Kevin Kreeger
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06T15/08
摘要： An apparatus and method for real-time volume processing and universal three-dimensional rendering. The apparatus includes a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) memory units; at least one pixel bus for providing global horizontal communication; a plurality of rendering pipelines; at least one geometry bus; and a control unit. The plurality of rendering pipelines each preferably include hardware for interpolation, shading, FIFO buffering, communication and table lookups. The apparatus of the present invention may be coupled to a geometry pipeline for mixing surfaces, images and volumes together in a single image. A method for performing volumetric ray casting of a 3D volume includes the steps of calculating a distance along a major projection axis from a predefined viewpoint; dividing the volume into a plurality of consecutive regions having exponentially increasing bounds; casting a plurality of rays from the viewpoint through the volume; either merging two or more rays or splitting one or more rays at the region boundaries; and repeating the ray casting and merging/splitting steps until the entire volume has been processed. The apparatus and methods of the present invention achieve true real-time performance for high-resolution volume rendering, mixing surfaces and volumes in a single image, and accelerating other imaging operations, including texture mapping and image-based rendering.
摘要翻译：用于实时卷处理和通用三维渲染的装置和方法。该装置包括多个三维（3D）存储器单元; 用于提供全局水平通信的至少一个像素总线; 多个渲染管线; 至少一个几何总线; 和控制单元。多个渲染管线各自优选地包括用于内插，着色，FIFO缓冲，通信和表查找的硬件。本发明的装置可以耦合到几何管线，用于将表面，图像和体积一起在单个图像中混合。用于执行3D体积的体积射线投射的方法包括以下步骤：从预定视点计算沿主投影轴的距离; 将体积分成具有指数增加界限的多个连续区域; 从视点投射多个光线通过该体积; 合并两个或更多个射线或在区域边界处分裂一个或多个射线; 并重复射线投射和合并/分割步骤直到整个体积被处理。本发明的装置和方法实现了用于高分辨率体绘制，单个图像中的混合曲面和体积的真实实时性能，并且加速了包括纹理映射和基于图像的渲染的其他成像操作。

7. 发明申请

US20050228250A1 System and method for visualization and navigation of three-dimensional medical images 审中-公开
标题翻译：三维医学图像可视化和导航的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20050228250A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US10496435
申请日：2002-11-21
申请人： Ingmar Bitter , Wei Li , Michael Meissner , Frank Dachille , Soren Grimm , George Economos
发明人： Ingmar Bitter , Wei Li , Michael Meissner , Frank Dachille , Soren Grimm , George Economos
IPC分类号： A61B6/03 , A61B17/00 , A61B17/22 , A61B19/00 , A61B5/05
CPC分类号： G01S7/52074 , A61B5/02007 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/037 , A61B6/463 , A61B6/503 , A61B6/504 , A61B6/5235 , A61B6/5247 , A61B8/468 , A61B8/5238 , A61B17/22 , A61B34/20 , A61B34/25 , A61B2017/00243 , A61B2034/105 , A61B2034/254 , A61B2034/256 , A61B2090/365 , G01S7/52073 , G01S7/52084 , G01S15/8993
摘要： A user interface (90) comprises an image area that is divided into a plurality of views for viewing corresponding 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional images of an anatomical region. Tool control panes (95-101) can be simultaneously opened and accessible. The segmentation pane (98) enables automatic segmentation of components of a displayed image within a user-specified intensity range or based on a predetermined intensity
摘要翻译：用户界面（90）包括被分成用于观察解剖区域的对应的二维和三维图像的多个视图的图像区域。工具控制面板（95 - 101）可以同时打开和访问。分割窗格（98）使得能够在用户指定的强度范围内或基于预定强度自动分割显示图像的分量

8. 发明申请

US20050169507A1 Registration of scanning data acquired from different patient positions 审中-公开
标题翻译：注册从不同病人位置获得的扫描数据
公开(公告)号：US20050169507A1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-04
申请号：US10496430
申请日：2002-11-21
申请人： Kevin Kreeger , Suzanne Stover , Anna Ceteno , Bin Li , Frank Dachille , Jeffrey Meade
发明人： Kevin Kreeger , Suzanne Stover , Anna Ceteno , Bin Li , Frank Dachille , Jeffrey Meade
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G06T7/00 , G06T15/08 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , G06T7/33 , G06T7/38 , G06T7/60 , G06T15/08 , G06T2200/04 , G06T2207/10081 , G06T2207/10088 , G06T2207/20044 , G06T2207/30004 , G06T2207/30028 , Y10S128/92
摘要： A system and method are provided for generating a three-dimensional visualization image of an object such as an organ using volume visualization techniques and exploring the image using a guided navigation system that allows the operator to travel along a flight path and to adjust the view to a particular portion of the image of interest in order, for example, to identify polyps, cysts or other abnormal features in the visualized organ; where imaging data sets are acquired using conventional two-dimensional scans of the object in both a supine and prone orientation, and correspondence between the respective data sets is determined to permit jumping from one visualization orientation to the other while remaining at the same virtual location within the organ.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于使用体积可视化技术来生成诸如器官的对象的三维可视化图像的系统和方法，并且使用允许操作者沿着飞行路径行进并且将视图调整到的视图来引导图像感兴趣的图像的特定部分，以便例如识别可视化器官中的息肉，囊肿或其他异常特征; 其中成像数据集是使用在仰卧位和倾向取向的对象的常规二维扫描来获取的，并且各个数据集之间的对应被确定为允许从一个可视化方向跳到另一个，同时保持在相同的虚拟位置器官。

9. 发明申请

US20070276214A1 Systems and Methods for Automated Segmentation, Visualization and Analysis of Medical Images 审中-公开
标题翻译：医学图像自动分割，可视化和分析的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070276214A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-29
申请号：US10580763
申请日：2004-11-26
申请人： Frank Dachille , Dongqing Chen , Michael Meissner , Wenli Cai
发明人： Frank Dachille , Dongqing Chen , Michael Meissner , Wenli Cai
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： G06T7/0012 , G06F19/321 , G06T19/00 , G06T2207/30004 , G06T2210/41 , G06T2219/008
摘要： An imaging system for automated segmentation and visualization of medical images (100) includes an image processing module (107) for automatically processing image data using a set of directives (109) to identify a target object in the image data and process the image data according to a specified protocol, a rendering module (105) for automatically generating one or more images of the target object based on one or more of the directives (109) and a digital archive (110) for storing the one or more generated images. The image data may be DICOM-formatted image data (103), wherein the imaging processing module (107) extracts and processes meta-data in DICOM fields of the image data to identify the target object. The image processing module (107) directs a segmentation module (108) to segment the target object using processing parameters specified by one or more of the directives (109).
摘要翻译：一种用于医疗图像（100）的自动分割和可视化的成像系统包括图像处理模块（107），用于使用一组指令（109）自动处理图像数据，以识别图像数据中的目标对象，并根据根据指定协议，基于所述指令（109）中的一个或多个自动生成所述目标对象的一个或多个图像的再现模块（105）和用于存储所述一个或多个所生成的图像的数字存档（110）。图像数据可以是DICOM格式的图像数据（103），其中成像处理模块（107）提取并处理图像数据的DICOM字段中的元数据以识别目标对象。图像处理模块（107）引导分割模块（108）使用由一个或多个指令（109）指定的处理参数来分割目标对象。

10. 发明申请

US20090063118A1 Systems and methods for interactive navigation and visualization of medical images 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于医学图像的互动导航和可视化的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20090063118A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US11664942
申请日：2005-10-08
申请人： Frank Dachille , George Economos, JR. , Jeffrey Meade , Michael Meissner
发明人： Frank Dachille , George Economos, JR. , Jeffrey Meade , Michael Meissner
IPC分类号： G06G7/60
CPC分类号： G06F19/325 , G06F16/5862 , G06F19/321 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/11 , G06T2207/10072 , G06T2207/20101 , G06T2207/30032
摘要： Systems and methods for visualization and interactive navigation of virtual images of internal organs are provided to assist in medical diagnosis and evaluation of internal organs. In one aspect, an image data processing system (105) includes an image rendering system (111) for rendering multi-dimensional views of an imaged object from an image dataset (106) of the imaged object, a graphical display system (112) for displaying an image of a rendered view according to specified visualization parameters, an interactive navigation system (107) which monitors a user's navigation through a virtual image space of a displayed image and which provides user navigation assistance in the form of tactile feedback by a navigation control unit (115) operated by the user, upon an occurrence of a predetermined navigation event.
摘要翻译：提供内部虚拟图像可视化和互动导航的系统和方法，以协助内部器官的医学诊断和评估。在一个方面，图像数据处理系统（105）包括用于从成像对象的图像数据集（106）渲染成像对象的多维视图的图像渲染系统（111），用于根据指定的可视化参数显示呈现的视图的图像;交互式导航系统（107），其通过所显示的图像的虚拟图像空间监视用户的导航，并且通过导航控制以触觉反馈的形式提供用户导航辅助在预定的导航事件发生时由用户操作的单元（115）。

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