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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Tabulator device for typewriters and the like
    • 打字机等的制版机
    • US4004675A
    • 1977-01-25
    • US543526
    • 1975-01-23
    • Martin Ludwig
    • Martin Ludwig
    • B41J21/02B41J21/00B41J21/04G06F3/12B41J25/18
    • B41J21/00
    • A tabulator device for typewriters, particularly for teleprinters or data-printers in which tabulation marks are set, cancelled and recalled, in which a store having electronically operable storage elements are operative to effect storage of the desired tabulation marks, register means being provided for addressing the respective storage elements of such store, with the setting i.e. insertion, or cancelling i.e. removal of a mark from the store being effected by means of a write-in control unit operatively connected thereto and tabulation marks being read out of the store by the aid of a read-out control unit operatively connected thereto. The store is in the form of a semi-conductor store constructed from MNOS (metal-nitride-oxide-substrate) transistors and thus does not change its contents following disconnection of the operating voltage. Where the matrix is in the form of a row and column matrix, two registers may be employed which may be in the form of shift registers provided with feedback.
    • 一种用于打字机的制表器装置,特别是用于设置记录标记的电传打印机或数据打印机,其被取消和回收,其中具有电子可操作的存储元件的存储器可操作以实现所需列表标记的存储,提供用于寻址的寄存器装置 这种商店的相应存储元件具有设置即插入或取消,即通过与其可操作地连接的写入控制单元实现商标的标记,以及通过辅助从存储器读出列表标记 读出控制单元与其可操作地连接。 存储器是由MNOS(金属氮化物 - 氧化物 - 衬底)晶体管构成的半导体存储器的形式,因此在工作电压断开之后不改变其内容。 在矩阵为行和列矩阵的形式中,可以采用两个寄存器,其可以是提供反馈的移位寄存器的形式。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Circuit arrangement for storing information formed of teletype characters
    • 用于存储由电传字符形成的信息的电路布置
    • US4072819A
    • 1978-02-07
    • US729462
    • 1976-10-04
    • Martin LudwigWennemar Eickenscheidt
    • Martin LudwigWennemar Eickenscheidt
    • H04L13/08
    • H04L13/08
    • A circuit arrangement is disclosed for storing messages formed of teletypewriter characters in a teletypewriter system. The teletypewriter system has a reception control which can be supplied with teletypewriter characters from a teletypewriter line or an input device. The teletypewriter system also has a transmission control which can emit teletypewriter characters to a teletypewriter line or the reception control. A memory unit is supplied with teletypewriter characters from received and written-in messages via the reception control. A memory in the memory unit has electronically triggerable memory elements arranged in matrix-like fashion. The teletypewriter characters may be stored in the memory and are not lost when an operational voltage to the memory is switched off. The memory emits teletypewriter characters of a message which is to be transmitted to the transmission control.
    • 公开了用于存储由电传打字机系统中的电传打字机字符形成的消息的电路装置。 电传打字机系统具有可以从电传打字机线路或输入设备提供电传打字人字符的接收控制。 电传打字机系统还具有可以向电传打字机线或接收控制发送电传打字符的传输控制。 存储单元通过接收控制从接收和写入消息中提供电传打字符。 存储器单元中的存储器具有以矩阵状排列的电子可触发存储元件。 电话打字机字符可以存储在存储器中,并且当存储器的操作电压被关闭时不会丢失。 存储器发送要发送到传输控制的消息的电传打字符字符。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method for adjusting adaptive programme maps of an adaptive knock control in an internal combustion engine and a method for adjusting the knock control in said engine
    • 用于调整内燃机中的自适应爆震控制的自适应程序图的方法以及用于调节所述发动机的爆震控制的方法
    • US06745749B2
    • 2004-06-08
    • US10258149
    • 2003-05-30
    • Stefan UnlandAxel HeinsteinMichael GundlachWerner HaemingMartin Ludwig
    • Stefan UnlandAxel HeinsteinMichael GundlachWerner HaemingMartin Ludwig
    • F02P500
    • F02P5/1525F02D35/027F02D41/2441F02D41/2451F02P5/1514Y02T10/46
    • Proposed is a method for adjusting an adaptive characteristics map of an adaptive engine-knock control system and a method for adaptively controlling engine knock, the adaptive characteristics map being defined by at least one operating parameter, the adaptive characteristics map for each operating-parameter range being made up of a precontrol component that characterizes the ambient conditions, and a residual component that results from the engine-knock control, the value of the adaptive characteristics map for each operating-parameter range being given by the sum of the precontrol component corresponding to the specific operating-parameter range, and the residual component corresponding to the specific operating-parameter range. In this context, the adjustment of the adaptive characteristics map is carried out by initially determining if ambient conditions have changed, and by subsequently ascertaining a new precontrol component as a function of the changed ambient conditions for each operating-parameter range, if the ambient conditions have changed, or by holding the precontrol component constant for each operating-parameter range, if the ambient conditions have not changed.
    • 提出了一种用于调整自适应发动机爆震控制系统的自适应特征图的方法和用于自适应地控制发动机爆震的方法,所述自适应特性图由至少一个操作参数定义,每个操作参数范围的自适应特性图 由表征环境条件的预控部件和由发动机爆震控制产生的残余部件组成,每个操作参数范围的自适应特性图的值由对应于 特定的操作参数范围以及对应于特定操作参数范围的残差分量。 在这种情况下,通过首先确定环境条件是否已经改变并且随后根据每个操作参数范围确定新的预控部件作为改变的环境条件来执行自适应特征图的调整,如果环境条件 如果环境条件没有改变,或者通过保持每个操作参数范围的预控制组件不变。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Code generator for teleprinters or data printers
    • 电传打印机或数据打印机的代码生成器
    • US3968330A
    • 1976-07-06
    • US541616
    • 1975-01-16
    • Martin Ludwig
    • Martin Ludwig
    • H04L17/12H04L12/06H04L15/00
    • H04L12/06
    • A code generator for teleprinters or data printers which, for the recognition of the subscriber, emits a sequence of character signals assigned to the subscriber. A memory is provided which is constructed from electronically operable storage elements in which the character signals are stored and are not altered after the disconnection of the operating voltage. Registers are provided which contain the addresses of the particular operated storage elements and a read-out control unit is provided by means of which the character signals are read out from the storage elements.
    • 用于电传打印机或数据打印机的代码生成器,用于识别用户,发出分配给用户的字符信号序列。 提供了一种存储器,其由电子可操作的存储元件构成,其中字符信号被存储并且在断开操作电压之后不被改变。 提供了包含特定操作的存储元件的地址的寄存器,并且提供读出控制单元,通过该读出控制单元从存储元件读出字符信号。