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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Magnetometer with time coded output of measured magnetic fields
    • 具有测量磁场的时间编码输出的磁力计
    • US4728888A
    • 1988-03-01
    • US745771
    • 1985-06-10
    • Harald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • Harald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • G01C17/30G01R33/04G01C17/28
    • G01R33/04
    • A magnetometer with a time coding is proposed, which serves to measure magnetic fields in the motor vehicle and in particular to measure the direction of the earth field and to determine the driving direction. The magnetometer includes at least one sensor having a horizontally disposed, magnetizable rod-shaped core and a winding disposed on the core. The winding carries an alternating current for generating an auxiliary alternating field, in order to magnetize the core in alternation up to and into saturation. In order to measure the magnetic field detected by the sensor and to generate the auxiliary alternating current, a controlled alternating current source (18) is connected on the one hand to one and the same winding (19), and on the other hand a measurement voltage that can be picked up at this winding (19) is connected to an evaluation circuit (21, 25, 12, 13). The degree of deviation between the positive and negative half-waves of the measurement voltage represents a measure for the magnitude of the magnetic field measured. The magnetometer is intended for use as part of an electronic compass, preferably for navigational purposes in vehicles.
    • PCT No.PCT / DE84 / 00243 Sec。 371日期:1985年6月10日 102(e)日期1985年6月10日PCT提交1984年11月14日PCT公布。 第WO85 / 02911号公报 日期:1985年7月4日。提出了一种具有时间编码的磁力计,其用于测量机动车辆中的磁场,特别是测量地球场的方向并确定行驶方向。 磁力计包括至少一个传感器,其具有水平设置的可磁化棒状芯和设置在芯上的绕组。 绕组承载用于产生辅助交变磁场的交流电流,以便将磁芯以交替的方式磁化至饱和。 为了测量由传感器检测到的磁场并产生辅助交流电流,一个控制的交流电源(18)一方面连接到一个相同的绕组(19),另一方面,测量 可以在该绕组(19)处拾取的电压连接到评估电路(21,25,12,13)。 测量电压的正和负半波之间的偏差程度是测量的磁场的大小的度量。 磁力计旨在用作电子罗盘的一部分,优选用于车辆中的导航目的。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Process for establishing the driving direction of a vehicle with an
electronic compass
    • 用电子罗盘确定车辆行驶方向的过程
    • US4729172A
    • 1988-03-08
    • US802011
    • 1985-11-07
    • Gunther AlberterHarald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • Gunther AlberterHarald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • G01C17/28G01C17/38
    • G01C17/38
    • In a process for establishing the driving direction of a vehicle by an electronic compass fixedly mounted in the vehicle and which is provided with a magnetometer having a computerized evaluation circuit the local curve (O) of the earth field (He) is determined from five measuring points (M1 . . . M5) which are established by turning the vehicle and corresponding signals are stored. The parameters for the center point displacement (Hs), the shape (ellipse) and the turning (angle .alpha.) of the local curve (O) in the vector diagram (x,y) are calculated by the computer by means of an algorithm with five unknowns for the five measuring points and thereafter the direction of the earth field (He) is computed. Subsequently, the vehicle is oriented to a predetermined cardinal direction and a correction angle is determined from the difference of angles between the cardinal and north directions and the earth's magnetic field direction measured by the compass. In the subsequent measurements the correcting angle is then taken into consideration when establishing the driving direction (.phi.) from the local curve (O).
    • PCT No.PCT / DE85 / 00122 Sec。 371日期:1985年11月7日 102(e)1985年11月7日PCT PCT公布1985年4月17日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 00128 日本1986年1月3日。在通过固定安装在车辆中的电子罗盘建立车辆行驶方向的过程中,并且设置有具有计算机化评估电路的磁力计,地球场的局部曲线(O) 他)是通过转向车辆建立的五个测量点(M1 ... M5)确定的,并存储相应的信号。 计算机通过计算机计算出矢量图(x,y)中的局部曲线(O)的中心点位移(Hs),形状(椭圆)和转动角(α)的参数, 五个测量点的五个未知数,然后计算地球场(He)的方向。 随后,车辆被定向到预定的基本方向,并且根据由罗盘测量的基本方向和北方向之间的角度与地球的磁场方向之间的角度来确定校正角度。 在随后的测量中,当从局部曲线(O)建立驱动方向(phi)时,考虑校正角度。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Process for correcting angle errors in an electronic compass in vehicles
    • 用于校正车辆电子罗盘中的角度误差的过程
    • US4725957A
    • 1988-02-16
    • US787796
    • 1985-10-16
    • Gunther AlberterHarald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • Gunther AlberterHarald BauerGerhard Hettich
    • G01C17/28G01C17/38G01C21/08
    • G01C17/38
    • A process for correcting inclination dependent angle errors when establishing the driving direction of vehicles with an electronic compass for navigation is suggested. The compass comprises a magnetometer (10) with an evaluation circuit (11) for computing the driving direction. For compensating inclination dependent angle errors on the indicator of the drive direction the inclination angle of the earth field is fed into the evaluation circuit (11) as a calibration dimension (E), subsequently the inclination angle (.psi.) of the vehicle is established cyclically by means of an inclination measuring device (12) and then the corrected driving direction (.theta.) is established from the computed driving direction (.theta.') as well as from the calibration dimension (E) and the angle of inclination (.psi.) in accordance with the equation .theta.=f (.theta.',.psi.,E). This corrected driving direction can then be further processed or issued to an indicator (13) (FIG. 1).
    • PCT No.PCT / DE85 / 00124 Sec。 371日期1985年10月16日第 102(e)日期1985年10月16日PCT提交1985年4月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO86 / 00129 建议1986年1月3日的日期。建议使用导航电子罗盘确定车辆的行驶方向时修正倾斜相关角度误差的过程。 指南针包括具有用于计算行驶方向的评估电路(11)的磁力计(10)。 为了补偿驱动方向的指示器上的倾斜相关角误差,将地球的倾斜角度作为校准尺寸(E)馈送到评估电路(11)中,随后循环地建立车辆的倾斜角度(psi) 通过倾斜测量装置(12),然后从计算的驱动方向(θ')以及根据校准尺寸(E)和倾斜角度(psi)建立校正的驱动方向(θ) 方程θ= f(θ',psi,E)。 然后可以将该校正的行进方向进一步处理或发布到指示器(13)(图1)。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • Flameproof Agent Stabiliser Combination for Thermoplastic and Duroplastic Polymers
    • 防火剂稳定剂组合用于热塑性塑料和杜尔塑料聚合物
    • US20130210975A1
    • 2013-08-15
    • US13643784
    • 2011-04-20
    • Sebastian HoeroldHarald BauerMichael Hill
    • Sebastian HoeroldHarald BauerMichael Hill
    • C08K13/02
    • C08K13/02C08K3/016C08K5/5313C08K2201/014C09K21/12
    • The invention relates to a novel flameproof agent stabiliser combination for thermoplastic and duroplastic polymers, containing, as component A 25 - 97.7 wt % of a dialkylphosphinic acid salt of formula (I) and/or a diphosphinic acid salt of formula (II) and/or polymers thereof, wherein R1, R2 are the same or different and represent C1-C6-alkyl, linear or branched and/or aryl; R3 represents C1-C10-alkylene, linear or branched, C6-C10-arylene, C7-C20-alkylarylene or C7-C20-arylalkylene; M represents Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base; m represents 1-4; n represents 1-4; x represents 1-4, as component B 2-45 wt. % of a monoalkylphosphinic acid salt of general formula (Ill), wherein R4 represents C1-C6-alkyl, linear or branched; M represents Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated nitrogen base; representing, as component C 0.3 - 30 wt. % of a synergist containing nitrogen or a phosphorous/nitrogen flameproof agent and as component D 0-10 wt. % of a zinc salt or a basic or amphoteric oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, silicate, borate, stannate, mixed oxide-hydroxides, oxide-hydroxide-carbonate, hydroxide-silicates or hydroxide-borates or mixtures of said substances, as components E 0-3 wt. % phosphonite or a phosphonite/phosphite mixture and as component F 0-3 wt.% of an ester or salt of long-chained carboxylic acids, the total of the components always amounting to 100 wt. %.
    • 本发明涉及用于热塑性和硬质聚合物的新型防火剂稳定剂组合物,其包含作为组分A 25-97.7重量%的式(I)的二烷基次膦酸盐和/或式(II)的二次膦酸盐和/ 或其聚合物,其中R 1,R 2相同或不同,表示C 1 -C 6 - 烷基,直链或支链和/或芳基; R 3表示C 1 -C 10亚烷基,直链或支链的C 6 -C 10亚芳基,C 7 -C 20 - 烷基亚芳基或C 7 -C 20 - 芳基亚烷基; M表示Mg,Ca,Al,Sb,Sn,Ge,Ti,Zn,Fe,Zr,Ce,Bi,Sr,Mn,Li,Na,K和/或质子化氮碱; m表示1-4; n表示1-4; x表示1-4,作为组分B 2-45wt。 %的通式(III)的单烷基次膦酸盐,其中R 4表示直链或支链的C 1 -C 6 - 烷基; M表示Mg,Ca,Al,Sb,Sn,Ge,Ti,Zn,Fe,Zr,Ce,Bi,Sr,Mn,Li,Na,K和/或质子化氮碱; 作为组分C 0.3〜30wt。 %的含氮或磷/氮防火剂的增效剂和作为组分D 0-10wt。 %的锌盐或碱性或两性氧化物,氢氧化物,碳酸盐,硅酸盐,硼酸盐,锡酸盐,混合氧化物 - 氢氧化物,氧化物 - 氢氧化物 - 碳酸盐,氢氧化物 - 硅酸盐或氢氧化物 - 硼酸盐或所述物质的混合物, -3重量% %亚膦酸盐或亚磷酸盐/亚磷酸盐混合物,并且作为组分F 0-3重量%的长链羧酸的酯或盐,总量总计为100重量% %。