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1. 发明授权

US08259564B1 Egress protection for label switched paths 有权
标题翻译：出口保护标签交换路径
公开(公告)号：US08259564B1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US12425503
申请日：2009-04-17
申请人： Hannes Gredler , John Galen Scudder , Nischal Sheth , Yakov Rekhter
发明人： Hannes Gredler , John Galen Scudder , Nischal Sheth , Yakov Rekhter
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/2005 , H04L45/507
摘要： This disclosure describes techniques for protecting an endpoint of a label switched path. In one embodiment, a system includes an ingress router, a primary egress router, backup router, and a point of local repair (PLR) router. The ingress router, the PLR router, and the first egress router form a first label switched path. The backup router provides protection for the primary egress router such that the backup router provides routing services for the first egress router when the first egress router is not available. The primary egress router and the backup router share an anycast IP address. The backup router advertises a route to reach the primary egress router, but upon receiving a packet intended for the primary egress router, the backup router identifies the destination of the packet and forwards the packet to the destination instead of the primary egress router along a different route.
摘要翻译：本公开描述了用于保护标签交换路径的端点的技术。在一个实施例中，系统包括入口路由器，主出口路由器，备用路由器和本地修复（PLR）路由器的点。入口路由器，PLR路由器和第一出口路由器形成第一标签交换路径。备用路由器为主出口路由器提供保护，使得当第一出口路由器不可用时，备用路由器为第一出口路由器提供路由服务。主出口路由器和备份路由器共享一个任播IP地址。备用路由器通告路由到达主要出口路由器，但是在接收到主出口路由器的数据包后，备份路由器会识别报文的目的地，并将数据包转发到目的地而不是主出口路由器路线。

2. 发明授权

US08634418B2 Providing extended administrative groups in computer networks 有权
标题翻译：在计算机网络中提供扩展的管理组
公开(公告)号：US08634418B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-21
申请号：US13174962
申请日：2011-07-01
申请人： Ambrose Kwong , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler , Nitin Bahadur , Harish Sitaraman , Avneesh Sachdev
发明人： Ambrose Kwong , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler , Nitin Bahadur , Harish Sitaraman , Avneesh Sachdev
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L45/245 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/50 , Y02D50/30
摘要： In general, techniques are described for providing extended administrative groups in networks. A network device comprising an interface and a control unit may implement the techniques. The interface receives a routing protocol message that advertises a link. This message includes a field for storing first data associated with the link in accordance with the routing protocol. The field is defined by the routing protocol as a field having a different function from an administrative group field defined by the same routing protocol. The control unit determines that this field has been repurposed to store second data, wherein this second data specifies an extended administrative group for the link different from those that may be specified by the administrative group field. The control unit then updates routing information to associate the advertised link with the extended administrative group and performs path selection to select paths based on the updated routing information.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了在网络中提供扩展管理组的技术。包括接口和控制单元的网络设备可以实现这些技术。接口接收通告链路的路由协议消息。该消息包括用于根据路由协议存储与链路相关联的第一数据的字段。该字段由路由协议定义为具有与由相同路由协议定义的管理组字段不同的功能的字段。控制单元确定该字段已被重新利用以存储第二数据，其中该第二数据指定用于该链接的扩展管理组，其不同于可由管理组字段指定的那些。然后，控制单元更新路由信息以将通告的链路与扩展管理组相关联，并且基于更新的路由信息执行路径选择以选择路径。

3. 发明申请

US20130003728A1 PROVIDING EXTENDED ADMINISTRATIVE GROUPS IN COMPUTER NETWORKS 有权
标题翻译：在计算机网络中提供扩展的管理组
公开(公告)号：US20130003728A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-03
申请号：US13174962
申请日：2011-07-01
申请人： Ambrose Kwong , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler , Nitin Bahadur , Harish Sitaraman , Avneesh Sachdev
发明人： Ambrose Kwong , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler , Nitin Bahadur , Harish Sitaraman , Avneesh Sachdev
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/245 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/50 , Y02D50/30
摘要： In general, techniques are described for providing extended administrative groups in networks. A network device comprising an interface and a control unit may implement the techniques. The interface receives a routing protocol message that advertises a link. This message includes a field for storing first data associated with the link in accordance with the routing protocol. The field is defined by the routing protocol as a field having a different function from an administrative group field defined by the same routing protocol. The control unit determines that this field has been repurposed to store second data, wherein this second data specifies an extended administrative group for the link different from those that may be specified by the administrative group field. The control unit then updates routing information to associate the advertised link with the extended administrative group and performs path selection to select paths based on the updated routing information.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了在网络中提供扩展管理组的技术。包括接口和控制单元的网络设备可以实现这些技术。接口接收通告链路的路由协议消息。该消息包括用于根据路由协议存储与链路相关联的第一数据的字段。该字段由路由协议定义为具有与由相同路由协议定义的管理组字段不同的功能的字段。控制单元确定该字段已被重新利用以存储第二数据，其中该第二数据指定用于该链接的扩展管理组，其不同于可由管理组字段指定的那些。然后，控制单元更新路由信息以将通告的链路与扩展管理组相关联，并且基于更新的路由信息执行路径选择以选择路径。

4. 发明授权

US08000327B1 Quality of service (QoS)-aware forwarding in an MPLS network with tactical traffic engineering 有权
标题翻译：服务质量（QoS） - 在MPLS网络中进行战术流量工程的转发
公开(公告)号：US08000327B1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-16
申请号：US11567570
申请日：2006-12-06
申请人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler
发明人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Hannes Gredler
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/50 , H04L45/306
摘要： A router comprises an interface for receiving packets, wherein the packets include Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) labels having the same label value that corresponds to an MPLS label switched path (LSP), and wherein each of the MPLS packets includes MPLS experimental (EXP) bits defined to identify a class of service to which the respective packet belongs. The router is a transit router along the MPLS LSP, and further includes a control unit that, for each of the packets, accesses forwarding information to determine whether to forward the packet along the LSP or to redirect the packet along a second LSP based on the classes of service specified in the EXP bits. The router receives policies via a user interface, and applies the policies to index into the forwarding information to select a forwarding entry, wherein the index is responsive to the label value in combination with the EXP bits.
摘要翻译：路由器包括用于接收分组的接口，其中所述分组包括与MPLS标签交换路径（LSP）相对应的具有相同标签值的多协议标签交换（MPLS）标签，并且其中每个MPLS分组包括MPLS实验（EXP）定义为识别相应分组所属的服务类别的比特。该路由器是沿着MPLS LSP的中转路由器，还包括一个控制单元，对于每一个分组，该控制单元访问转发信息以确定是沿着LSP转发分组还是基于第二个LSP重定向分组 EXP位中指定的服务等级。路由器通过用户界面接收策略，并将策略应用到转发信息中以选择转发条目，其中索引响应于标签值与EXP比特结合。

5. 发明授权

US08611359B1 Scaling MPLS across areas of an autonomous system using labeled interior border gateway protocol 有权
标题翻译：使用标记的内部边界网关协议在自治系统的区域范围内扩展MPLS
公开(公告)号：US08611359B1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-17
申请号：US12626221
申请日：2009-11-25
申请人： Kireeti Kompella , Nischal Sheth , Shivani Aggarwal , Yakov Rekhter
发明人： Kireeti Kompella , Nischal Sheth , Shivani Aggarwal , Yakov Rekhter
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L45/04 , H04L45/50
摘要： Techniques are described for scaling Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) across areas of an autonomous system using a labeled interior Border Gateway Protocol (iBGP). A method includes executing a first label distribution protocol at a border node at a border between two of a plurality of interior gateway protocol (IGP) areas of a single autonomous system (AS), and exchanging label distribution messages using the first label distribution protocol to establish a first intra-area label switched path (LSP) within a first one of IGP areas. The method also includes executing a labeled interior border gateway protocol at the border node, and exchanging label distribution messages using the labeled interior border gateway protocol to establish a hierarchical inter-area LSP that runs over the previously established first intra-area LSP, wherein the hierarchical inter-area LSP extends across the plurality of IGP areas of the AS.
摘要翻译：描述了使用标记的内部边界网关协议（iBGP）在跨自治系统的区域缩放多协议标签交换（MPLS）的技术。一种方法包括在单个自治系统（AS）的多个内部网关协议（IGP）区域中的两个之间的边界处的边界节点处执行第一标签分发协议，以及使用第一标签分发协议交换标签分发消息，在第一个IGP区域内建立第一个区域内标签交换路径（LSP）。该方法还包括在边界节点处执行标记的内部边界网关协议，并且使用标记的内部边界网关协议来交换标签分发消息，以建立在先前建立的第一区域内LSP上运行的分层区域间LSP，其中，分层区域间LSP跨越AS的多个IGP区域延伸。

6. 发明授权

US08176201B1 Controlling the signaling of label-switched paths using a label distribution protocol employing messages which facilitate the use of external prefixes 有权
标题翻译：使用使用有助于使用外部前缀的消息的标签分发协议来控制标签交换路径的信令
公开(公告)号：US08176201B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US10702184
申请日：2003-11-05
申请人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Pedro R. Marques , Yakov Rekhter
发明人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Pedro R. Marques , Yakov Rekhter
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L45/04 , H04L45/507
摘要： Label distribution protocol (LDP) signaled label-switched paths (LSPs) are supported without requiring information about remote autonomous systems (ASs) to be injected into the local interior gateway protocol (IGP). This may be done by (i) decoupling a forwarding equivalency class (FEC) element from the routing information, and (ii) specifying a next hop on which the FEC relies. An LDP messaging structure (e.g., an LDP type-length-value (TLV)) that includes a label, FEC information (e.g., a host address or prefix of an egress LSR of the LSP) and a next hop (e.g., a host address or prefix of a border node, such as an AS border router (ASBR)) may be provided. This messaging structure may be included in one or more of (a) label mapping messages, (b) label withdraw messages, and (c) label release messages. If an LDP message including the expanded LDP messaging structure is received at a node, the node may determine whether or not to propagate the LSP using the next hop information, rather than the FEC information. If, on the other hand, the LDP message includes a normal LDP messaging structure, the node may determine whether or not to propagate the LSP as usual.
摘要翻译：支持标签分发协议（LDP）信令的标签交换路径（LSP），而不需要将关于远程自治系统（AS）的信息注入到本地内部网关协议（IGP）中。这可以通过（i）将转发等价类（FEC）元素与路由信息分离，以及（ii）指定FEC所依赖的下一跳来完成。包括标签，FEC信息（例如，LSP的出口LSR的主机地址或前缀）和下一跳（例如，主机）的LDP消息传递结构（例如，LDP类型长度值（TLV））可以提供诸如AS边界路由器（ASBR）之类的边界节点的地址或前缀。这种消息传递结构可以包括在（a）标签映射消息，（b）标签提取消息和（c）标签释放消息中的一个或多个中。如果在节点处接收到包含扩展的LDP消息收发结构的LDP消息，则节点可以使用下一跳信息来确定是否传播LSP，而不是FEC信息。另一方面，如果LDP消息包含正常的LDP消息收发结构，那么该节点可以像往常一样来确定是否传播LSP。

7. 发明申请

US20100296414A1 SUPPORTING VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS USING A FIRST NETWORK TOPOLOGY FOR FORWARDING AND A SUBSET OF THE FIRST NETWORK TOPOLOGY OR A SMALLER TOPOLOGY FOR SIGNALING 有权
标题翻译：支持虚拟私人网络，使用第一个网络拓扑来转发第一个网络拓扑学或一个小信号拓扑学
公开(公告)号：US20100296414A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-25
申请号：US12852225
申请日：2010-08-06
申请人： Quaizar Vohra , Nischal Sheth
发明人： Quaizar Vohra , Nischal Sheth
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L12/4633 , H04L12/4675 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/586
摘要： Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are supported in which customers may use popular internet gateway protocol (IGPs) without the need to convert such IGPs, running on customer devices to a single protocol, such as the border gateway protocol (BGP). Scaling problems, which might otherwise occur when multiple instances of an IGP flood link state information, are avoided by using a flooding topology which is smaller than a forwarding topology. The flooding topology may be a fully connected sub-set of the forwarding topology.
摘要翻译：支持虚拟专用网络（VPN），其中客户可以使用流行的互联网网关协议（IGP），而不需要将在客户设备上运行的这样的IGP转换为单一协议，例如边界网关协议（BGP）。通过使用小于转发拓扑的洪泛拓扑来避免IGP洪泛链路状态信息的多个实例可能发生的扩展问题。洪泛拓扑可以是完全连接的转发拓扑的子集。

8. 发明授权

US07792987B1 Supporting virtual private networks using a first network topology for forwarding and a subset of the first network topology or a smaller topology for signaling 有权
标题翻译：支持使用第一网络拓扑进行转发的虚拟专用网络和第一网络拓扑的子集，或用于信令的较小拓扑
公开(公告)号：US07792987B1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-07
申请号：US10419370
申请日：2003-04-21
申请人： Quaizar Vohra , Nischal Sheth
发明人： Quaizar Vohra , Nischal Sheth
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L12/4633 , H04L12/4675 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/028 , H04L45/586
摘要： Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are supported in which customers may use popular internet gateway protocol (IGPs) without the need to convert such IGPs, running on customer devices to a single protocol, such as the border gateway protocol (BGP). Scaling problems, which might otherwise occur when multiple instances of an IGP flood link state information, are avoided by using a flooding topology which is smaller than a forwarding topology. The flooding topology may be a fully connected sub-set of the forwarding topology.
摘要翻译：支持虚拟专用网络（VPN），其中客户可以使用流行的互联网网关协议（IGP），而不需要将在客户设备上运行的这样的IGP转换为单一协议，例如边界网关协议（BGP）。通过使用小于转发拓扑的洪泛拓扑来避免IGP洪泛链路状态信息的多个实例可能发生的扩展问题。洪泛拓扑可以是完全连接的转发拓扑的子集。

9. 发明申请

US20100142548A1 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR USING BOTH LDP AND RSVP IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：在通信系统中使用两种LDP和RSVP的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100142548A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-10
申请号：US12705936
申请日：2010-02-15
申请人： Nischal Sheth
发明人： Nischal Sheth
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L65/00 , H04L45/507
摘要： Methods and apparatus for allowing routers in an autonomous system to implement LDP and RSVP at the same time. RSVP can be used in the network core with LDP being used in network regions surrounding the core. LDP LSPs are tunneled through the RSVP network core using RSVP LSPs and label stacking techniques. During route selection LDP LSPs which use an RSVP LSP tunnel are preferred over alternative LDP LSPs having an equal cost associated with them to create a preference for traffic engineered routes.
摘要翻译：允许自治系统中的路由器同时实现LDP和RSVP的方法和装置。 RSVP可用于网络核心，LDP用于围绕核心的网络区域。 LDP LSP使用RSVP LSP和标签堆叠技术通过RSVP网络进行隧道传输。在路由选择期间，使用RSVP LSP隧道的LDP LSP优先于具有与其相关联的相同成本的替代LDP LSP，以创建对流量工程路由的偏好。

10. 发明申请

US20100142370A1 PROTECTING CONNECTION TRAFFIC USING FILTERS 有权
标题翻译：使用过滤器保护连接交通
公开(公告)号：US20100142370A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-10
申请号：US12705713
申请日：2010-02-15
申请人： Ping PAN , Der-Hwa Gan , Keith E. Holleman , Manoj Leelanivas , Nischal Sheth , Arun Vaidyanathan
发明人： Ping PAN , Der-Hwa Gan , Keith E. Holleman , Manoj Leelanivas , Nischal Sheth , Arun Vaidyanathan
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： H04L43/0811 , H04L41/0668
摘要： A connection between network nodes in a communication network is backed up. A failover label-switched path (LSP) is created starting at a first network node of a connection and ending 5 at the second node of the connection, while bypassing the protected connection. In the event of connection failure, data is transmitted through the failover LSP. A network operator can selectively protect different types of data by using filters that bind one or more types of traffic received over one or more interfaces to different failover LSPs.
摘要翻译：备份通信网络中的网络节点之间的连接。从连接的第一个网络节点开始创建故障切换标签交换路径（LSP），并在连接的第二个节点处结束5，同时绕过受保护的连接。在连接失败的情况下，通过故障转移LSP传输数据。网络运营商可以通过使用将一个或多个接口上接收到的一种或多种类型的业务绑定到不同的故障切换LSP的过滤器来选择性地保护不同类型的数据。

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