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1. 发明授权

US08959185B2 Multitenant server for virtual networks within datacenter 有权
标题翻译：数据中心内虚拟网络的多站点服务器
公开(公告)号：US08959185B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-17
申请号：US13835017
申请日：2013-03-15
申请人： Harshad Bhaskar Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Hampapur Ajay , Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla
发明人： Harshad Bhaskar Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Hampapur Ajay , Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , H04L12/24 , H04L12/931 , H04L12/751 , H04L29/08
CPC分类号： H04L41/0668 , H04L41/0659 , H04L41/12 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L49/70 , H04L67/32
摘要： In general, techniques are described for facilitating multi-tenancy of a server accessed by virtual networks of a data center. A device included within a data center comprising one or more processors may perform the techniques. The processors may be configured to execute a virtual switch that supports a number of virtual networks executing within the data center. The virtual switch may be configured to receive a request regarding data associated with an identifier that is unique within one of the virtual networks that originated the request. The virtual switch may then translate the identifier included within the request to generate a globally unique identifier that is unique within the plurality of virtual networks, update the request to replace the identifier included within the request with the globally unique identifier, and transmit the updated request to a server of the data center.
摘要翻译：通常，描述了用于促进由数据中心的虚拟网络访问的服务器的多租户的技术。包括在包括一个或多个处理器的数据中心内的设备可以执行该技术。处理器可以被配置为执行支持在数据中心内执行的多个虚拟网络的虚拟交换机。虚拟交换机可以被配置为接收关于与发起请求的虚拟网络之一内的唯一的标识符相关联的数据的请求。虚拟交换机然后可以转换包括在请求内的标识符，以生成在多个虚拟网络中是唯一的全局唯一标识符，更新该请求以用全局唯一标识符替换该请求内包含的标识符，并且发送更新的请求到数据中心的服务器。

2. 发明授权

US07848310B1 Providing transparent virtual private network connectivity across intermediate networks 有权
标题翻译：在中间网络中提供透明的虚拟专用网络连接
公开(公告)号：US07848310B1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-07
申请号：US12200603
申请日：2008-08-28
申请人： Pedro R. Marques
发明人： Pedro R. Marques
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L45/60 , H04L12/4675 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/04
摘要： A routing protocol, such as the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), is extended in a manner that allows the protocol to opaquely carry routing attributes associated with an origin of a routing advertisement, e.g., a customer network of associated with a virtual private network (VPN). These attributes are carried within routing communications using a separate attribute set, and are automatically utilized when delivering the routing advertisement to other customer networks associated with the VPN. As a result, the customer networks are isolated from the routing attributes used within an intermediate network coupling the customer networks.
摘要翻译：诸如边界网关协议（BGP）的路由协议以允许协议不透明地携带与路由通告的原点相关联的路由属性的方式进行扩展，例如与虚拟专用网络相关联的客户网络（ VPN）。这些属性在使用单独的属性集合的路由通信中携带，并且在将路由通告递送到与VPN相关联的其他客户网络时被自动利用。因此，客户网络与在耦合客户网络的中间网络中使用的路由属性隔离。

3. 发明授权

US07830875B2 Autonegotiation over an interface for which no autonegotiation standard exists 有权
标题翻译：通过不存在自动协商标准的接口进行自动协商
公开(公告)号：US07830875B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-09
申请号：US11762478
申请日：2007-06-13
申请人： Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques
发明人： Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L47/266 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/351
摘要： A method for enabling autonegotiation over an interface for which no autonegotiation standard exists comprises establishing network communication between a first network device and a second network device over a communication link. The first network device includes a first media access controller (MAC) associated with a communication port coupled to the communication link and a second MAC positioned between the first MAC and the communication port, and the second MAC operates as a proxy MAC for the first MAC. The first MAC outputs an outbound data communication to the communication port at a first communication rate. The proxy MAC intercepts the outbound data communication. The proxy MAC then outputs the outbound data communication to the communication port at a second communication rate different from the first communication rate.
摘要翻译：一种用于在不存在自动协商标准的接口上启用自动协商的方法包括通过通信链路建立第一网络设备和第二网络设备之间的网络通信。第一网络设备包括与耦合到通信链路的通信端口相关联的第一媒体访问控制器（MAC）和位于第一MAC和通信端口之间的第二MAC，并且第二MAC作为第一MAC的代理MAC 。第一MAC以第一通信速率向通信端口输出出站数据通信。代理MAC拦截出站数据通信。然后，代理MAC以与第一通信速率不同的第二通信速率将出站数据通信输出到通信端口。

4. 发明申请

US20130329548A1 RE-ROUTING NETWORK TRAFFIC AFTER LINK FAILURE 有权
标题翻译：链路故障后重新布线网络交通
公开(公告)号：US20130329548A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-12
申请号：US13840902
申请日：2013-03-15
申请人： Harshad Bhaskar Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Hampapur Ajay , Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla
发明人： Harshad Bhaskar Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Hampapur Ajay , Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla
IPC分类号： H04L12/24
CPC分类号： H04L41/0668 , H04L41/0659 , H04L41/12 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/28 , H04L49/70 , H04L67/32
摘要： In one example, a network device includes a virtual network agent, and a network interface to send network packets to the virtual network controller using a default route for a physical network prior to establishing a communication session between a virtual network controller and the virtual network agent, wherein, after establishing the communication session between the virtual network controller device and the virtual network agent, the virtual network agent receives from the virtual network controller a command to install a new route at the network device, wherein the new route specifies encapsulation information to use for encapsulating network packets for sending the network packets to the virtual network controller over an overlay network, and wherein, responsive to detecting a failed link in the physical network, the virtual network agent sends packets to the virtual network controller on an alternate route in the overlay network.
摘要翻译：在一个示例中，网络设备包括虚拟网络代理和网络接口，用于在虚拟网络控制器和虚拟网络代理之间建立通信会话之前，使用物理网络的默认路由向虚拟网络控制器发送网络分组其中，在虚拟网络控制器设备和虚拟网络代理建立通信会话之后，虚拟网络代理从虚拟网络控制器接收在网络设备上安装新路由的命令，其中新路由指定封装信息用于封装网络分组以通过覆盖网络将网络分组发送到虚拟网络控制器，并且其中响应于检测物理网络中的故障链路，虚拟网络代理在备用路由上向虚拟网络控制器发送分组覆盖网络。

5. 发明授权

US07773596B1 Distribution of traffic flow criteria 有权
标题翻译：交通流量标准分布
公开(公告)号：US07773596B1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-10
申请号：US10782291
申请日：2004-02-19
申请人： Pedro R. Marques
发明人： Pedro R. Marques
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/38 , H04L45/04
摘要： Traffic flow criteria are distributed between routing devices. More specifically, a routing protocol, such as the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), may be extended in a manner that allows fine-grain criteria to be conveyed for application to network traffic. For example, a flow specification data type may be defined in accordance with BGP to allow a variable number of packet flow attributes to be specified, such as source information, destination information, port information, protocol or other flow criteria. In this manner, traffic flow criteria are specified in a way that cannot be expressed using destination address prefixes only. The flow specification data type may be defined as network layer reachability information (NLRI) that is associated with a route advertised in accordance with BGP.
摘要翻译：流量标准分布在路由设备之间。更具体地，诸如边界网关协议（BGP）的路由协议可以以允许为了应用到网络业务而被传送的细粒度标准的方式被扩展。例如，可以根据BGP定义流规范数据类型，以允许指定可变数量的分组流属性，例如源信息，目的地信息，端口信息，协议或其他流标准。以这种方式，以不能仅使用目的地址前缀表示的方式来指定业务流标准。流规范数据类型可以被定义为与根据BGP通告的路由相关联的网络层可达性信息（NLRI）。

6. 发明申请

US20080310432A1 AUTONEGOTIATION OVER AN INTERFACE FOR WHICH NO AUTONEGOTIATION STANDARD EXISTS 有权
标题翻译：无自动标准存在的接口的自动化
公开(公告)号：US20080310432A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-18
申请号：US11762478
申请日：2007-06-13
申请人： Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques
发明人： Ashish Ranjan , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L47/10 , H04L47/266 , H04L49/30 , H04L49/351
摘要： A method for enabling autonegotiation over an interface for which no autonegotiation standard exists comprises establishing network communication between a first network device and a second network device over a communication link. The first network device includes a first media access controller (MAC) associated with a communication port coupled to the communication link and a second MAC positioned between the first MAC and the communication port, and the second MAC operates as a proxy MAC for the first MAC. The first MAC outputs an outbound data communication to the communication port at a first communication rate. The proxy MAC intercepts the outbound data communication. The proxy MAC then outputs the outbound data communication to the communication port at a second communication rate different from the first communication rate.
摘要翻译：一种用于在不存在自动协商标准的接口上启用自动协商的方法包括通过通信链路建立第一网络设备和第二网络设备之间的网络通信。第一网络设备包括与耦合到通信链路的通信端口相关联的第一媒体访问控制器（MAC）和位于第一MAC和通信端口之间的第二MAC，并且第二MAC作为第一MAC的代理MAC 。第一MAC以第一通信速率向通信端口输出出站数据通信。代理MAC拦截出站数据通信。然后，代理MAC以与第一通信速率不同的第二通信速率将出站数据通信输出到通信端口。

7. 发明授权

US07417947B1 Routing protocol failover between control units within a network router 有权
标题翻译：在网络路由器内的控制单元之间路由协议故障切换
公开(公告)号：US07417947B1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-26
申请号：US11029271
申请日：2005-01-05
申请人： Pedro R. Marques , Steven Lin
发明人： Pedro R. Marques , Steven Lin
IPC分类号： H04L1/00
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L45/22 , H04L45/28 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/60
摘要： A device includes a primary control unit and a standby control unit. The standby control unit records routing communications exchanged between the primary control unit and an external routing device in accordance with a routing protocol. A standby routing process executing on the standby control unit processes the recorded routing communications when the primary control unit fails. The standby routing process generates state information for executing the routing protocol on the standby control unit without requiring that routing sessions be reestablished with the external routing device.
摘要翻译：设备包括主控制单元和备用控制单元。备用控制单元根据路由协议记录在主控制单元和外部路由设备之间交换的路由通信。在主控制单元发生故障时，在待机控制单元上执行的备用路由处理处理记录的路由通信。备用路由处理生成用于在备用控制单元上执行路由协议的状态信息，而不需要与外部路由设备重新建立路由会话。

8. 发明授权

US08705353B1 Automatic configuration of virtual network switches 有权
标题翻译：自动配置虚拟网络交换机
公开(公告)号：US08705353B1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-22
申请号：US13230255
申请日：2011-09-12
申请人： Rajashekar Reddy , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Ashish Ranjan
发明人： Rajashekar Reddy , Ankur Singla , Harshad Nakil , Pedro R. Marques , Ashish Ranjan
IPC分类号： H04L12/56 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L41/0886 , H04L41/0668 , H04L41/0806 , H04L41/0893 , H04L45/00 , H04L45/58 , H04L45/583 , Y02D30/30
摘要： In general, techniques are described in which a plurality of network switches automatically configure themselves to operate as a single virtual network switch. A virtual switch is a collection of individual switch devices that operate like as single network switch. As described herein, network switches in a network that are capable of participating in a virtual switch may automatically discover one another. The participating network switches may then elect one of the participating switches as a master switch. The master switch may generate forwarding information and store the forwarding information in the participating switches, including the master switch. The forwarding information causes the participating switches to act like a single network switch.
摘要翻译：通常，描述了其中多个网络交换机自动配置自身以作为单个虚拟网络交换机操作的技术。虚拟交换机是像单个网络交换机一样操作的单独交换机设备的集合。如本文所述，能够参与虚拟交换机的网络中的网络交换机可以自动地彼此发现。参与的网络交换机然后可以将参与交换机之一作为主交换机。主交换机可以生成转发信息，并将转发信息存储在参与交换机中，包括主交换机。转发信息使参与的交换机像单个网络交换机那样起作用。

9. 发明授权

US08279754B1 RSVP-passive interfaces for traffic engineering peering links in MPLS networks 有权
标题翻译： MPLS网络中流量工程对等链路的RSVP-被动接口
公开(公告)号：US08279754B1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-02
申请号：US12491800
申请日：2009-06-25
申请人： Ina Minei , Der-Hwa Gan , Pedro R. Marques
发明人： Ina Minei , Der-Hwa Gan , Pedro R. Marques
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L41/0896 , H04L45/24 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/10 , H04L47/125 , H04L47/724 , H04L47/822
摘要： Constraint information associated with peering links is taken into account when establishing label switched paths (LSPs) to exit points of a network. Devices within the network, such as routers, designate interfaces associated with peering links as “passive interfaces” to indicate that the interfaces should be included for bandwidth accounting purposes and internal path computation. Other devices within the network utilize the constraint information, e.g., bandwidth availability, when computing and establishing LSPs to the exit points of the network to avoid congested peering links.
摘要翻译：当建立标签交换路径（LSP）以退出网络点时，会考虑与对等链路相关联的约束信息。网络中的设备（如路由器）将与对等链路相关联的接口指定为被动接口，以指示接口应包括在带宽计费和内部路径计算之中。当网络的出口点计算和建立LSP以避免拥塞的对等链路时，网络内的其他设备利用约束信息，例如带宽可用性。

10. 发明授权

US08176201B1 Controlling the signaling of label-switched paths using a label distribution protocol employing messages which facilitate the use of external prefixes 有权
标题翻译：使用使用有助于使用外部前缀的消息的标签分发协议来控制标签交换路径的信令
公开(公告)号：US08176201B1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US10702184
申请日：2003-11-05
申请人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Pedro R. Marques , Yakov Rekhter
发明人： Ina Minei , Nischal Sheth , Pedro R. Marques , Yakov Rekhter
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L45/04 , H04L45/507
摘要： Label distribution protocol (LDP) signaled label-switched paths (LSPs) are supported without requiring information about remote autonomous systems (ASs) to be injected into the local interior gateway protocol (IGP). This may be done by (i) decoupling a forwarding equivalency class (FEC) element from the routing information, and (ii) specifying a next hop on which the FEC relies. An LDP messaging structure (e.g., an LDP type-length-value (TLV)) that includes a label, FEC information (e.g., a host address or prefix of an egress LSR of the LSP) and a next hop (e.g., a host address or prefix of a border node, such as an AS border router (ASBR)) may be provided. This messaging structure may be included in one or more of (a) label mapping messages, (b) label withdraw messages, and (c) label release messages. If an LDP message including the expanded LDP messaging structure is received at a node, the node may determine whether or not to propagate the LSP using the next hop information, rather than the FEC information. If, on the other hand, the LDP message includes a normal LDP messaging structure, the node may determine whether or not to propagate the LSP as usual.
摘要翻译：支持标签分发协议（LDP）信令的标签交换路径（LSP），而不需要将关于远程自治系统（AS）的信息注入到本地内部网关协议（IGP）中。这可以通过（i）将转发等价类（FEC）元素与路由信息分离，以及（ii）指定FEC所依赖的下一跳来完成。包括标签，FEC信息（例如，LSP的出口LSR的主机地址或前缀）和下一跳（例如，主机）的LDP消息传递结构（例如，LDP类型长度值（TLV））可以提供诸如AS边界路由器（ASBR）之类的边界节点的地址或前缀。这种消息传递结构可以包括在（a）标签映射消息，（b）标签提取消息和（c）标签释放消息中的一个或多个中。如果在节点处接收到包含扩展的LDP消息收发结构的LDP消息，则节点可以使用下一跳信息来确定是否传播LSP，而不是FEC信息。另一方面，如果LDP消息包含正常的LDP消息收发结构，那么该节点可以像往常一样来确定是否传播LSP。

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