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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Low-drive power switching transistor control circuit
    • 低驱动电源开关晶体管控制电路
    • US4461979A
    • 1984-07-24
    • US379634
    • 1982-05-19
    • Edmund JeenickeImmanuel Krauter
    • Edmund JeenickeImmanuel Krauter
    • F02P3/045F02P3/04H03K17/0412H03K17/042H03K17/615H03K17/64H05B37/02
    • F02P3/0435H03K17/04126H03K17/04213H03K17/64
    • A switching transistor (5) has its collector connected to a common junction (J) with a load (6), typically an ignition coil (8). A first driver transistor (11) connected through the base-emitter path of a second driver transistor (12) to control the conduction state of the switching transistor. A signal source (20, 21) alternatingly, causing the driver transistor to be blocked or conductive. To decrease the power requirements on the driver transistor, the driver transistor has its collector connected to the common junction (J) the voltage at line (13) of the driver and of the junction being arranged that the voltage at the junction (J) is less than the voltage at the base of the driver transistor when the switching transistor (5) is in fully saturated conductive condition, re-combination of charge carriers on the base of the switching transistor maintaining the switching transistor conductive until the charge carriers are exhausted, which causes a slight rise in voltage at the junction (J), but then causes increased conduction of the driver transistor due to the then overriding control from the driver transistor (11). The charge carriers, thereby, removing part of the load on the driver transistor. To insure rapid turn-off of the switching transistor (5), a control transistor (19) has its collector-emitter path connected across the base-emitter path of the switching transistor and, when rendered conductive, will cause the switching transistor to rapidly change to the blocked state.
    • 开关晶体管(5)的集电极连接到具有负载(6)的公共结(J),通常为点火线圈(8)。 通过第二驱动晶体管(12)的基极 - 发射极连接的第一驱动晶体管(11)来控制开关晶体管的导通状态。 信号源(20,21)交替地,使得驱动晶体管被阻挡或导通。 为了降低对驱动晶体管的功率要求,驱动晶体管的集电极连接到公共端(J),驱动器的线(13)处的电压和结的布置使得结(J)处的电压为 小于开关晶体管(5)处于完全饱和导通状态时驱动晶体管基极处的电压,保持开关晶体管的开关晶体管的基极上的电荷载体的重新组合导通,直到电荷载体耗尽, 这导致结(J)处的电压略微上升,但是由于来自驱动晶体管(11)的覆盖控制,导致驱动晶体管的导通增加。 电荷载体,从而去除驱动晶体管上负载的一部分。 为了确保开关晶体管(5)的快速关断,控制晶体管(19)的集电极 - 发射极路径连接在开关晶体管的基极 - 发射极路径两端,并且当导通时将使开关晶体管迅速 改为阻塞状态。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus to control ignition timing during starting of an
externally ignited internal combustion engine
    • 在外部点燃的内燃机启动期间控制点火正时的方法和装置
    • US4594981A
    • 1986-06-17
    • US647701
    • 1984-09-06
    • Erwin GlossEdmund JeenickeGerhard LotterbachEgbert PerenthalerManfred SchenkJan F. van WoudenbergUdo Zucker
    • Erwin GlossEdmund JeenickeGerhard LotterbachEgbert PerenthalerManfred SchenkJan F. van WoudenbergUdo Zucker
    • F02P5/155F02D41/02
    • F02P5/1558Y02T10/46
    • To place the maximum combustion pressure, which occurs upon ignition, after the piston of an internal combustion engine (ICE) has passed upper dead-center (UDC) position upon starting, a predetermined time interval (Ti) is subtracted from the expected time the piston reaches UDC position, as determined by the time taken for a predetermined angular distance of the crankshaft to rotate; the time between the predetermined angular distances is extrapolated to determine the projected, or expected time of the UDC position. The predetermined time interval (Ti), which may be made dependent upon engine temperature, is then subtracted and the actual firing time computed, for example by counting-out in a counter the differential time interval determined by the subtraction. The timing intervals are preferably derived from a segmental marker system (20,21; A1,A2), in a counter (1), the extrapolation carried out in a multiplier (2) and the subtracting in a subtraction circuit (3). The system is preferably enabled upon closing of the starter switch (S) and may be disabled when a down-counter, determining the actual timing interval, has a negative count output.
    • 为了使在点燃时发生的最大燃烧压力在内燃机(ICE)的活塞在启动时通过上死点(UDC)位置之后,从预期时间(T i)中减去预定时间间隔(Ti) 活塞达到UDC位置,由曲轴旋转预定角距所需的时间确定; 外推预定角距之间的时间以确定UDC位置的预计或预期时间。 然后减去可以取决于发动机温度的预定时间间隔(Ti),并且例如通过在计数器中通过在减法中确定的差分时间间隔计数来计算实际点火时间。 定时间隔优选地从计数器(1)中的分段标记系统(20,21; A1,A2)导出,乘法器(2)中执行的外插和减法电路(3)中的减法。 该系统优选地在起动器开关(S)关闭时启用,并且当确定实际定时间隔的递减计数器具有负计数输出时可以禁用该系统。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Microcomputer system with input/output unit connected to the remainder
of the system by a single multibit bus and several sequential data lines
    • 具有输入/输出单元的微机系统通过单个多位总线和多个顺序数据线连接到系统的其余部分
    • US4433379A
    • 1984-02-21
    • US191376
    • 1980-09-29
    • Manfred SchenkWinfried KlotznerEdmund Jeenicke
    • Manfred SchenkWinfried KlotznerEdmund Jeenicke
    • F02D41/24F02P5/15G06F13/36G06F13/42G06F15/78G06F3/00
    • F02P5/1514F02D41/24G06F13/423Y02T10/46
    • The destination of commands provided by a microcomputer to an input-output unit over a data bus is provided without an address bus, while a control circuit in the input-output unit is connected with the microcomputer by connections for only three binary signals in one direction, "clear", chip-select and data strobe and one in the other, namely interrupt. The control circuit has a decoder connected to the data bus that sorts out the commands, feeding the outputs through a gate array that are enabled by the chip-select and data strobe signals for timing. Commands for switching, such as beginning and ending counts, and so on are one-byte commands directly transmitted to the appropriate circuits of the input-output. Read and write commands are two-byte commands sequenced by a sequencing and lockout circuit, the circuit selected in first byte being activated to read or write to or from the data bus in the second byte while the decoder is blocked. The direction of transmission of the data bus is controlled over a single connection from the control circuit in accordance with whether a write command is or is not present.
    • 在数据总线上通过微型计算机向输入输出单元提供的命令的目的地没有地址总线,而输入输出单元中的控制电路通过仅在一个方向上的三个二进制信号的连接与微计算机连接 ,“清除”,芯片选择和数据选通,另一个是中断。 控制电路具有连接到数据总线的解码器,该数据总线对命令进行分类,通过由芯片选择和数据选通信号使定时的门阵列馈送输出。 用于切换的命令,例如开始和结束计数等等都是直接发送到输入 - 输出的适当电路的单字节命令。 读写命令是由序列和锁定电路排序的双字节命令,在解码器被阻塞时,第一个字节中选择的电路被激活以读取或写入第二个字节中的数据总线。 根据写入命令是否存在,通过来自控制电路的单个连接来控制数据总线的传输方向。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Input-output unit for microprocessor controlled ignition or injection
systems in internal combustion engines
    • 用于内燃机微处理器控制的点火或喷射系统的输入输出单元
    • US4250858A
    • 1981-02-17
    • US56960
    • 1979-07-12
    • Edmund JeenickeWinfried KlotznerClemens MeichleManfred SchenkIngo Gorille
    • Edmund JeenickeWinfried KlotznerClemens MeichleManfred SchenkIngo Gorille
    • F02P5/15F02D5/00F02P5/04
    • F02P5/1514Y02T10/46
    • An input-output unit carries out some of the operations previously carried out in the microcomputer controlling the ignition, injection, etc. processes so that the number of bits in the microprocessor can be reduced. The input-output unit includes a counter which furnishes speed-dependent or angle-dependent signals. During a predetermined angle of rotation or while a particular speed-dependent value is counted and down, a frequency proportional to the quantity of air in the air inlet is counted, the resultant air number transferred to the microprocessor where it is modified. The modified air number can be counted down in the same counter which was used to count down the speed-dependent signals. The time required for counting down the modified air number determines the injection time and/or the closing time for an electronic switch in the primary circuit of the ignition coil. When the angle-dependent signal is used, a further counter counts down the air number several times, each time generating an interrupt signal. The latter count is in the microprocessor and when a predetermined number has been received, the microprocessor furnishes a terminate signal ending the controlled process.
    • 输入输出单元执行先前在微型计算机中进行的一些控制点火,喷射等处理的操作,使得可以减少微处理器中的位数。 输入 - 输出单元包括提供速度相关或取决于角度的信号的计数器。 在预定的旋转角度或者在特定的速度相关值被计数和下降时,计数与空气入口中的空气量成比例的频率,将合成的空气编号转移到微处理器进行修改。 修改后的空气数量可以在用于对速度依赖信号进行倒计数的同一个计数器中倒计时。 倒数改变的空气数量所需的时间决定点火线圈的初级回路中的电子开关的注入时间和/或关闭时间。 当使用与角度相关的信号时,每当产生中断信号时,另外一个计数器会对空气数进行多次倒数。 后一个计数在微处理器中,并且当已经接收到预定数量时,微处理器提供结束被控制过程的终止信号。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Frequency-voltage and voltage-frequency converters
    • 频率电压和电压 - 频率转换器
    • US4321548A
    • 1982-03-23
    • US107357
    • 1979-12-26
    • Edmund JeenickeWinfried KlotznerPeter Dilger
    • Edmund JeenickeWinfried KlotznerPeter Dilger
    • G01D3/02G01R21/133G01R23/06H03K5/01H03K13/01
    • G01R21/1331G01D3/02G01R23/06
    • A nonlinear characteristic curve of a frequency-voltage converter is approximated by summing the outputs of energized ones of a plurality of either voltage or current sources. The current sources are energized and de-energized in accordance with information contained in storage elements which may, for example, be parts of a shift register, or of an addressable storage. The breaks in the characteristic curve are achieved by changing the number of energized current sources or the current supplied by at least some of the sources at time intervals Ti=1/fi, where fi are the break frequencies and where time is measured starting with the leading edge of each pulse of the pulse frequence having the frequency f.sub.x which is to be converted to a voltage. Voltage-frequency converters can be created by connecting the frequency-voltage converter into the feedback path of a converter circuit receiving a voltage U.sub.x and furnishing the frequency f.sub.x in response thereto.
    • 频率 - 电压转换器的非线性特性曲线通过将多个电压源或电流源中的通电的输出相加来近似。 电流源根据存储元件中包含的信息通电和断电,这些信息例如可以是移位寄存器的一部分或可寻址存储器。 通过改变通电电流源的数量或由时间间隔Ti = 1 / fi提供的至少一些源的电流来实现特性曲线的中断,其中fi是断开频率,并且从 具有要转换为电压的频率fx的脉冲频率的每个脉冲的前沿。 电压 - 频率转换器可以通过将频率 - 电压转换器连接到接收电压Ux的转换器电路的反馈路径并响应于此提供频率fx来创建。