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1. 发明授权

US07035750B2 On-chip test mechanism for transceiver power amplifier and oscillator frequency 有权
标题翻译：收发器功率放大器和振荡器频率的片上测试机制
公开(公告)号：US07035750B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-25
申请号：US10759912
申请日：2004-01-16
申请人： Elida Isabel de Obaldia , Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Oren Eliezer
发明人： Elida Isabel de Obaldia , Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Oren Eliezer
IPC分类号： G01R31/00
CPC分类号： H03K5/08 , H04B17/102 , H04B17/16 , H04B17/20
摘要： An on-chip test mechanism for transceiver power amplifier and oscillator frequency for use with the transmitter portion of an integrated RF transceiver. The RF output from the power amplifier in the transmitter is input to a built-in dedicated analog comparator having a configurable threshold. The threshold is adjusted to a predetermined level at which crossings start to occur at the comparator output. The comparator outputs pulses only if the power amplifier output is above a minimum configurable level. The comparator output is input to a frequency divider whose frequency output is tested by a low cost external tester to determine the actual RF frequency thereby confirming generation of the correct oscillator frequency and that the amplitude of the signal at the output of the power amplifier is sufficiently high for the configurable threshold level to be exceeded, thereby determining the compliance of the output power with its defined specifications.
摘要翻译：用于收发器功率放大器和振荡器频率的片上测试机制，用于集成RF收发器的发射器部分。发射机功率放大器的RF输出被输入到具有可配置阈值的内置专用模拟比较器。阈值被调整到在比较器输出处开始发生交叉的预定电平。仅当功率放大器输出高于最小可配置电平时，比较器才会输出脉冲。比较器输出被输入到分频器，其频率输出由低成本外部测试仪测试以确定实际RF频率，从而确认产生正确的振荡器频率，并且功率放大器输出端的信号幅度足够可以超过可配置的阈值电平，从而确定输出功率与其规定的规格的一致性。

2. 发明授权

US07863994B2 System and method for increasing radio frequency (RF) microwave inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator frequency tuning range 有权
标题翻译：提高射频（RF）微波电感 - 电容（LC）振荡器频率调谐范围的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07863994B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US12018856
申请日：2008-01-24
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathan Barton
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathan Barton
IPC分类号： H03B5/08
CPC分类号： H03B5/1296 , H03B5/1209 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1287
摘要： System and method for increasing the frequency tuning range of a RF/microwave LC oscillator. A preferred embodiment comprises a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) configured to generate an output signal at a frequency that is dependent upon a magnitude of an input voltage level and an effective inductance of an inductive load and a variable inductor coupled to the VCO. The variable inductor comprises a primary inductor coupled to the VCO to produce a magnetic field based upon a current flowing through the primary inductor and a secondary inductor magnetically coupled to the primary inductor, the secondary inductor to affect the magnitude of the effective inductance of the primary inductor.
摘要翻译：用于增加RF /微波LC振荡器的频率调谐范围的系统和方法。优选实施例包括压控振荡器（VCO），其被配置为以取决于输入电压电平的大小和耦合到VCO的电感性负载和可变电感器的有效电感的频率来产生输出信号。可变电感器包括耦合到VCO的初级电感器，以基于流过初级电感器的电流和与主电感器磁耦合的次级电感器产生磁场，次级电感器影响主电感器的有效电感的幅度电感。

3. 发明申请

US20080129390A1 System and Method for Increasing Radio Frequency (RF) Microwave Inductor-Capacitor (LC) Oscillator Frequency Tuning Range 有权
标题翻译：用于增加射频（RF）微波电感电容（LC）振荡器频率调谐范围的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080129390A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US12018856
申请日：2008-01-24
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathan Barton
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathan Barton
IPC分类号： H03L7/00
CPC分类号： H03B5/1296 , H03B5/1209 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1287
摘要： System and method for increasing the frequency tuning range of a RF/microwave LC oscillator. A preferred embodiment comprises a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) configured to generate an output signal at a frequency that is dependent upon a magnitude of an input voltage level and an effective inductance of an inductive load and a variable inductor coupled to the VCO. The variable inductor comprises a primary inductor coupled to the VCO to produce a magnetic field based upon a current flowing through the primary inductor and a secondary inductor magnetically coupled to the primary inductor, the secondary inductor to affect the magnitude of the effective inductance of the primary inductor.
摘要翻译：用于增加RF /微波LC振荡器的频率调谐范围的系统和方法。优选实施例包括压控振荡器（VCO），其被配置为以取决于输入电压电平的大小和耦合到VCO的电感性负载和可变电感器的有效电感的频率来产生输出信号。可变电感器包括耦合到VCO的初级电感器，以基于流过初级电感器的电流和与主电感器磁耦合的次级电感器产生磁场，次级电感器影响主电感器的有效电感的幅度电感。

4. 发明授权

US07375598B2 System and method for increasing radio frequency (RF)/microwave inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillator frequency tuning range 有权
标题翻译：提高射频（RF）/微波电感 - 电容（LC）振荡器频率调谐范围的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07375598B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-20
申请号：US11009495
申请日：2004-12-10
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathen Barton
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Nathen Barton
IPC分类号： H03B5/00
CPC分类号： H03B5/1296 , H03B5/1209 , H03B5/1256 , H03B5/1287
摘要： System and method for increasing the frequency tuning range of a RF/microwave LC oscillator. A preferred embodiment comprises a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) configured to generate an output signal at a frequency that is dependent upon a magnitude of an input voltage level and an effective inductance of an inductive load and a variable inductor coupled to the VCO. The variable inductor comprises a primary inductor coupled to the VCO to produce a magnetic field based upon a current flowing through the primary inductor and a secondary inductor magnetically coupled to the primary inductor, the secondary inductor to affect the magnitude of the effective inductance of the primary inductor.
摘要翻译：用于增加RF /微波LC振荡器的频率调谐范围的系统和方法。优选实施例包括压控振荡器（VCO），其被配置为以取决于输入电压电平的大小和耦合到VCO的电感性负载和可变电感器的有效电感的频率来产生输出信号。可变电感器包括耦合到VCO的初级电感器，以基于流过初级电感器的电流和与主电感器磁耦合的次级电感器产生磁场，次级电感器影响主电感器的有效电感的幅度电感。

5. 发明申请

US20050287967A1 Low noise high isolation transmit buffer gain control mechanism 有权
标题翻译：低噪声高隔离传输缓冲器增益控制机制
公开(公告)号：US20050287967A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-29
申请号：US11115815
申请日：2005-04-26
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Francis Cruise , Dirk Leipold , Robert Staszewski
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Francis Cruise , Dirk Leipold , Robert Staszewski
IPC分类号： H01Q11/12 , H03F1/32 , H03F3/191 , H04B1/04
CPC分类号： H04B1/0483 , H03F1/3241 , H03F1/3294 , H03F3/191 , H03F2200/331
摘要： A novel apparatus for a low noise, high isolation, all digital transmit buffer gain control mechanism. The gain control scheme is presented in the context of an all digital direct digital-to-RF amplitude converter (DRAC), which efficiently combines the traditional transmit chain functions of upconversion, I and Q combining, D/A conversion, filtering, buffering and RF output amplitude control into a single circuit. The transmit buffer is constructed as an array of NMOS switches. The control logic for each NMOS switch comprises a pass-gate type AND gate whose inputs are the phase modulated output of an all digital PLL and the amplitude control word from a digital control block. Power control is accomplished by recognizing the impairments suffered by a pseudo class E pre-power amplifier (PPA) when implemented in a CMOS process. Firstly, the NMOS switches of the array have significant on resistance and thus can only draw a limited current from the an RF choke when the input waveform is high. The significant on resistance of the NMOS switches is exploited in the DRAC circuit to introduce power control of the transmitted waveform and permits a fully digital method of controlling the RF output power.
摘要翻译：一种低噪声，高隔离，全数字发送缓冲增益控制机制的新型设备。增益控制方案在全数字直接数/频幅度转换器（DRAC）的上下文中呈现，该转换器有效地结合了上变频，I和Q组合，D / A转换，滤波，缓冲和 RF输出幅度控制成单个电路。发送缓冲器构造为NMOS开关阵列。每个NMOS开关的控制逻辑包括一个通门型AND门，其输入是全数字PLL的相位调制输出和来自数字控制块的幅度控制字。通过在CMOS工艺中实现时，通过识别伪E类预功率放大器（PPA）所遭受的损伤来实现功率控制。首先，阵列的NMOS开关具有大的导通电阻，因此当输入波形为高时，只能从RF扼流圈画出有限的电流。在DRAC电路中利用NMOS开关的重要导通电阻来引入发射波形的功率控制，并允许控制RF输出功率的全数字方法。

6. 发明申请

US20070008199A1 Negative contributive offset compensation in a transmit buffer utilizing inverse clocking 有权
标题翻译：使用反向时钟的发送缓冲器中的负贡献偏移补偿
公开(公告)号：US20070008199A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-11
申请号：US11178993
申请日：2005-07-11
申请人： Sameh Rezeq , Dirk Leipold , Robert Staszewski , Chih-Ming Hung
发明人： Sameh Rezeq , Dirk Leipold , Robert Staszewski , Chih-Ming Hung
IPC分类号： H03M1/06
CPC分类号： H03F1/0205 , H03F1/3241 , H03F2200/331 , H03F2200/375 , H03M3/356 , H03M3/50 , H03M7/3026 , H03M7/3037 , H04L27/368
摘要： A novel method and apparatus for a negative contributive offset compensation mechanism for a transmit buffer adapted to compensate for the positive offset generated by higher order sigma-delta modulators used to amplitude modulate the transmit buffer. The positive outputs from the sigma-delta modulator are processed differently than the negative outputs. The inverters associated with the negative outputs in the sigma-delta modulator are removed and the clock signal used to drive the transistors corresponding to the negative outputs is negated or shifted 180 degrees from the clock used to drive the transistors corresponding to the positive outputs. A non-inverted version of the clock is used with the positive outputs and an inverse clock is used with the negative outputs. Use of the inverse clock causes a negative contributive offset to be generated that is added on the second half cycle of each clock. The result is an offset compensated RF output signal having zero offset.
摘要翻译：一种用于发射缓冲器的负贡献偏移补偿机制的新颖方法和装置，适用于补偿由用于幅度调制发射缓冲器的高阶Σ-Δ调制器产生的正偏移。来自Σ-Δ调制器的正输出的处理方式与负输出不同。与Σ-Δ调制器中的负输出相关联的反相器被去除，并且用于驱动对应于负输出的晶体管的时钟信号与用于驱动对应于正输出的晶体管的时钟相反或偏移180度。时钟的非反相版本与正输出一起使用，反时限与负输出一起使用。使用逆时钟将产生在每个时钟的第二个半周期上添加的负贡献偏移。结果是具有零偏移的偏移补偿RF输出信号。

7. 发明授权

US07023272B2 Multi-band low noise amplifier system 有权
标题翻译：多频段低噪声放大器系统
公开(公告)号：US07023272B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10827577
申请日：2004-04-19
申请人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Yo-Chuol Ho
发明人： Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold , Yo-Chuol Ho
IPC分类号： H03F3/68
CPC分类号： H03F3/45179 , H03F1/223 , H03F1/565 , H03F3/193 , H03F2200/294 , H03F2200/372 , H03F2200/492 , H03F2203/45394 , H03F2203/7209
摘要： A low noise amplifier (LNA) operates over multiple frequency bands while occupying less silicon area than known LNA implementations. The LNA includes output matching that can be tuned by an adjustable inductor together with a tunable capacitor bank.
摘要翻译：低噪声放大器（LNA）在多个频带上工作，而占用比已知LNA实现更少的硅面积。 LNA包括可调谐电感器和可调电容器组一起调谐的输出匹配。

8. 发明授权

US07006813B2 Efficient charge transfer using a switched capacitor resistor 有权
公开(公告)号：US07006813B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10147784
申请日：2002-05-16
申请人： Robert B. Staszewski , Khurram Muhammad , Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold
发明人： Robert B. Staszewski , Khurram Muhammad , Chih-Ming Hung , Dirk Leipold
IPC分类号： H04B1/26
CPC分类号： H03D7/125 , H04B1/1036
摘要： The application of a non-zero voltage offset to rotating capacitors 1111 and 1112 permit the use of a single positive voltage supply. However, the precharging of the rotating capacitors 1111 and 1112 is power inefficient. A power efficient and low-noise precharging operation is realized through the sharing of the charge on a feedback capacitor 1075 and 1080 that is significantly larger than the rotating capacitors 1111. Once a precharging operation is complete, the charge on the feedback capacitor 1075 and 1080 is refreshed from its residual charge level (rather than zero charge level) to a desired charge level.

9. 发明授权

US07405685B2 Negative contributive offset compensation in a transmit buffer utilizing inverse clocking 有权
标题翻译：使用反向时钟的发送缓冲器中的负贡献偏移补偿
公开(公告)号：US07405685B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-29
申请号：US11178993
申请日：2005-07-11
申请人： Sameh S. Rezeq , Dirk Leipold , Robert B. Staszewski , Chih-Ming Hung
发明人： Sameh S. Rezeq , Dirk Leipold , Robert B. Staszewski , Chih-Ming Hung
IPC分类号： H03M3/00
CPC分类号： H03F1/0205 , H03F1/3241 , H03F2200/331 , H03F2200/375 , H03M3/356 , H03M3/50 , H03M7/3026 , H03M7/3037 , H04L27/368
摘要： A novel method and apparatus for a negative contributive offset compensation mechanism for a transmit buffer adapted to compensate for the positive offset generated by higher order sigma-delta modulators used to amplitude modulate the transmit buffer. The positive outputs from the sigma-delta modulator are processed differently than the negative outputs. The inverters associated with the negative outputs in the sigma-delta modulator are removed and the clock signal used to drive the transistors corresponding to the negative outputs is negated or shifted 180 degrees from the clock used to drive the transistors corresponding to the positive outputs. A non-inverted version of the clock is used with the positive outputs and an inverse clock is used with the negative outputs. Use of the inverse clock causes a negative contributive offset to be generated that is added on the second half cycle of each clock. The result is an offset compensated RF output signal having zero offset.
摘要翻译：一种用于发射缓冲器的负贡献偏移补偿机制的新颖方法和装置，适用于补偿由用于幅度调制发射缓冲器的高阶Σ-Δ调制器产生的正偏移。来自Σ-Δ调制器的正输出的处理方式与负输出不同。与Σ-Δ调制器中的负输出相关联的反相器被去除，并且用于驱动对应于负输出的晶体管的时钟信号与用于驱动对应于正输出的晶体管的时钟相反或偏移180度。时钟的非反相版本与正输出一起使用，反向时钟与负输出一起使用。使用逆时钟将产生在每个时钟的第二个半周期上添加的负贡献偏移。结果是具有零偏移的偏移补偿RF输出信号。

10. 发明授权

US06734741B2 Frequency synthesizer with digitally-controlled oscillator 有权
公开(公告)号：US06734741B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US10006607
申请日：2001-11-30
申请人： Robert B. Staszewski , Dirk Leipold , Khurram Muhammad , Chih-Ming Hung
发明人： Robert B. Staszewski , Dirk Leipold , Khurram Muhammad , Chih-Ming Hung
IPC分类号： H03L700
CPC分类号： H03C3/0975 , H03C3/0941 , H03C3/095 , H03C3/0958 , H03C3/0966 , H03K19/0016 , H03L7/085 , H03L7/087 , H03L7/091 , H03L7/093 , H03L7/099 , H03L7/16 , H03L2207/50 , H04L7/0029
摘要： A transmitter (10) based on a frequency synthesizer includes an LC tank (12) of a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) with various arrays of capacitors. The LC tank 12 is divided into two major groups that reflect two general operational modes: acquisition and tracking. The first group (process/voltage/temperature and acquisition) approximately sets the desired center frequency of oscillation initially, while the second group (integer and fractional tracking) precisely controls the oscillating frequency during the actual operation. For highly accurate outputs, dynamic element matching (DEM) is used in the integer tracking controller to reduce non-linearities caused by non-uniform capacitor values. Also, a preferred range of the integer tracking capacitor array may be used for modulation after the selected channel has been acquired. A digital sigma-delta modulator circuit (50) drives a capacitor array (14d) in response to the fractional bits of the error word. On mode switches, the accumulated error is recalculated to a phase restart value to prevent perturbations.

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