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1. 发明授权

US5417774A Heat treating atmospheres 失效
标题翻译：热处理环境
公开(公告)号：US5417774A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US995624
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/76 , C21D1/00 , C21D9/00
CPC分类号： B22F3/1007 , C21D1/763 , B23K35/38
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, neutral hardening low, medium, and high carbon steels, sintering ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metal from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) introducing the reactor effluent stream into the heating zone of a furnace and converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas, and 4) converting in-situ a portion of both moisture and carbon dioxide with a hydrocarbon gas to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the heating zone of a furnace.
摘要翻译：一种生产低成本气氛的方法，适用于退火，钎焊和烧结黑色和有色金属和合金，中性硬化低，中，高碳钢，烧结陶瓷粉末，以及将玻璃与非低温生产密封在一起公开了含有高达5％残余氧的氮。根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过用铂族金属催化剂填充的反应器将残余氧气减少至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）将反应器流出物流引入炉的加热区并原位转化一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体混合到一氧化碳和氢气中。所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃气体; 3）使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃类气体之间的反应，以及4）在加热中将一部分水分和二氧化碳与烃气体原位转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物炉区。

2. 发明授权

US5298090A Atmospheres for heat treating non-ferrous metals and alloys 失效
标题翻译：用于热处理有色金属和合金的气氛
公开(公告)号：US5298090A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US995617
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： C21D1/76 , F27D7/06 , F27D23/00 , C21D1/00
CPC分类号： F27D7/06 , C21D1/763
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5%, residual oxygen is disclosed. According to the process, suitable atmospheres are produced by 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen to a desired temperature, 2) mixing it with more than a stoichiometric amount a hydrocarbon gas, 3) passing it through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce the residual oxygen to very low levels and convert it to a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, and 4) using the reactor effluent stream for annealing, brazing, and sintering non-ferrous metals and alloys in a furnace. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating the non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than a stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon gas to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and the hydrocarbon gas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，该方法适用于从含低至5％残留氧的非低温法生产的氮中退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属和合金。根据该方法，通过以下方式产生合适的气氛：1）将含有残余氧气的非低温生成氮气流预热至所需温度，2）将其与多于化学计量的烃气体混合，3）将其通过反应器用铂族金属催化剂填充，将残余氧气降低至非常低的水平，并将其转化为水分和二氧化碳的混合物，以及4）使用反应器流出物流进行退火，钎焊和烧结有色金属，合金在炉中。所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃类气体; 3））使用铂族金属催化剂引发和维持氧气和烃气体之间的反应。

3. 发明授权

US5333776A Atmospheres for brazing aluminum and aluminum alloys 失效
标题翻译：用于钎焊铝和铝合金的气氛
公开(公告)号：US5333776A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US129896
申请日：1993-09-30
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger , Donald P. Eichelberger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger , Donald P. Eichelberger
IPC分类号： B23K35/36 , B23K35/38 , B23K1/008
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/00 , B23K2203/10 , B23K35/3605
摘要： Aluminum or aluminum alloys are brazed in the presence of a non-corrosive flux using a low-cost, substantially dry nitrogen atmosphere produced by a non-cryogenic air separation technique such as a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or a selective permeation (membrane). The use of a substantially dry, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen atmosphere brazed aluminum or aluminum alloy components with consistent good brazed joint quality and appearance while utilizing low loading of the flux.
摘要翻译：使用非低温空气分离技术（例如变压吸附（PSA））或选择性渗透（膜）产生的低成本，基本干燥的氮气氛，在存在非腐蚀性助焊剂的情况下将铝或铝合金钎焊，。使用基本干燥，非低温生产的氮气气氛钎焊的铝或铝合金部件，同时具有良好的钎焊接头质量和外观，同时利用焊剂的低负荷。

4. 发明授权

US5401339A Atmospheres for decarburize annealing steels 失效
标题翻译：用于脱碳退火钢的环境
公开(公告)号：US5401339A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US194757
申请日：1994-02-10
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： C21D1/76 , C21D3/04
CPC分类号： C21D1/763 , C21D3/04
摘要： A process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for decarburize annealing carbon steels from non-cryogenically generated nitrogen containing up to 1.54 residual oxygen by catalytically deoxygenating a non-cryogenically generated nitrogen stream at low temperatures with a hydrocarbon gas and mixing the deoxygenated stream with an economical amount of hydrogen prior to introduction into the furnace for annealing. The process includes the use of 1) hydrocarbon gas to convert residual oxygen to a mixture of carbon dioxide and moisture at low temperatures and 2) mixing the deoxygenated stream with a sufficient amount of hydrogen to maintain a pH.sub.2 /pH.sub.2 O ratio of at least 2 in the furnace.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产低成本气氛的方法，其适用于通过在低温下用烃气体催化脱氧非低温法生成的氮气流并将脱氧流与在引入炉内进行退火之前经济的氢气量。该方法包括使用1）烃类气体在低温下将残余氧气转化为二氧化碳和水分的混合物，以及2）将脱氧物流与足够量的氢气混合，以将pH2 / pH2O比保持在至少2 炉子。

5. 发明授权

US5290480A Process for producing furnace atmospheres by deoxygenating non-cryogenically generated nitrogen with dissociated ammonia 失效
标题翻译：通过用解离的氨将非低温法生成的氮脱氧生产炉气氛的方法
公开(公告)号：US5290480A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US995618
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Paul T. Kilhefner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Brian B. Bonner
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Paul T. Kilhefner , Donald P. Eichelberger , Brian B. Bonner
IPC分类号： B22F3/10 , B23K35/38 , C01B3/04 , C21D1/76 , C06D7/00
CPC分类号： C21D1/763 , B22F3/1007 , B23K35/383 , C01B3/047 , Y02E60/364
摘要： A process for producing low-cost furnace atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing from 0.05 to 5.0% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves 1) mixing non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a predetermined amount of dissociated ammonia, 2) passing the mixture through a low-pressure drop catalytic reactor, 3) converting the residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as moisture and reducing the residual oxygen level to below about 10 ppm, and 4) using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals and ceramics, sealing glass to metals, and sintering non-ferrous metal and ceramic powders. The key feature of the disclosed process involves the use of a novel low-pressure drop catalytic reactor for converting residual oxygen with dissociated ammonia to moisture.
摘要翻译：一种生产低成本炉气氛的方法，适用于退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属及合金，钎焊金属和陶瓷，将玻璃与金属密封，并从非低温法生产的氮中烧结有色金属和陶瓷粉末提供0.05至5.0％的残余氧气。所公开的方法包括1）将非低温法生产的氮与预定量的离解氨混合，2）使混合物通过低压滴催化反应器，3）将残余氧转化成可接受的形式如水分，并将残余氧气水平低于约10ppm，以及4）使用所得气体混合物进行退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属和合金，钎焊金属和陶瓷，将玻璃密封到金属上，并烧结有色金属和陶瓷粉末。所公开方法的主要特征是使用一种新型的低压滴催化反应器将残留的氧气与解离的氨转化成水分。

6. 发明授权

US5342455A In-situ generation of heat treating atmospheres using a mixture of non-cryogenically produced nitrogen and a hydrocarbon gas 失效
标题翻译：使用非低温法生产的氮气和烃气体的混合物原位产生热处理气氛
公开(公告)号：US5342455A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US966967
申请日：1992-10-26
申请人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Donald P. Eichelberger , Donald J. Bowe
发明人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Donald P. Eichelberger , Donald J. Bowe
IPC分类号： B22F3/00 , B22F3/10 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/26 , C21D1/76 , C22F1/02 , C22F1/14 , C23C8/18 , C21D1/00
CPC分类号： C22F1/14 , B22F3/00 , B22F3/1007 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/76 , C22F1/02 , C23C8/18 , C21D1/26
摘要： A process for generating in-situ low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in a continuous furnace from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves mixing nitrogen gas containing residual oxygen with a predetermined amount of a hydrocarbon gas, feeding the gaseous mixture through a nonconventional device into the hot zone of a continuous heat treating furnace, converting residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, a mixture of moisture, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, or a mixture of carbon monoxide, moisture, and hydrogen, and using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating metals and alloys, brazing metals, sintering metal and ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metals.
摘要翻译：一种生产适用于退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属和合金，钎焊金属，密封玻璃与金属以及在连续炉中烧结金属和陶瓷粉末的非低温生产氮气的方法含有高达5％的残余氧气。所公开的方法包括将含有残留氧的氮气与预定量的烃气混合，将气态混合物通过非常规装置进入连续热处理炉的热区，将残余氧转化为可接受的形式，例如水分和二氧化碳，水分，氢气，一氧化碳和二氧化碳的混合物，或一氧化碳，水分和氢气的混合物，并使用得到的气体混合物进行退火和热处理金属和合金，钎焊金属，烧结金属和陶瓷粉末，以及将金属密封玻璃。

7. 发明授权

US5320818A Deoxygenation of non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a hydrocarbon 失效
标题翻译：非低温法生产的氮与烃的脱氧作用
公开(公告)号：US5320818A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US995601
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
IPC分类号： C01B21/04 , C01B21/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/0422 , C01B2210/0045
摘要： An improved process for deoxygenating non-cryogenically produced nitrogen with a hydrocarbon is disclosed. According to the process, non-cryogenically produced nitrogen stream containing residual oxygen impurity is 1) pre-heated, 2) mixed with a hydrocarbon, and 3) passed through a reactor packed with a platinum group of metal catalyst to reduce oxygen to very low levels by converting it to a mixture of carbon dioxide and moisture. The reactor effluent stream is optionally treated downstream to produce a nitrogen stream substantially free of moisture and carbon dioxide. The key features of the disclosed process include 1) pre-heating non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing residual oxygen to a certain minimum temperature, 2) adding more than stoichiometric amount of a hydrocarbon to the pre-heated nitrogen stream, and 3) using a platinum group of metal catalyst to initiate and sustain the reaction between oxygen and hydrocarbon.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用烃脱氧非低温法生产的氮气的改进方法。根据该方法，含有残余氧杂质的非低温法生产的氮气流是1）预热，2）与烃混合，3）通过填充有铂族金属催化剂的反应器以将氧气降至极低将其转化为二氧化碳和水分的混合物。反应器流出物流任选地在下游处理以产生基本上不含水分和二氧化碳的氮气流。所公开的方法的主要特征包括：1）将非低温法生产的含氮残留氧预加热到一定的最低温度; 2）向预热的氮气流中加入多于化学计量的烃; 3）铂族金属催化剂起始和维持氧和烃之间的反应。

8. 发明授权

US5259893A In-situ generation of heat treating atmospheres using a mixture of non-cryogenically produced nitrogen and a hydrocarbon gas 失效
标题翻译：使用非低温法生产的氮气和烃气体的混合物原位产生热处理气氛
公开(公告)号：US5259893A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US787982
申请日：1991-11-05
申请人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Donald P. Eichelberger
发明人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Donald P. Eichelberger
IPC分类号： C21D1/26 , B22F3/00 , B22F3/10 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/76 , C22F1/02 , C22F1/14 , C23C8/18 , C21D1/00
CPC分类号： B22F3/00 , B22F3/1007 , B23K35/38 , C21D1/76 , C22F1/02 , C22F1/14 , C23C8/18 , C21D1/26
摘要： A process for generating in-situ low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing and heat treating ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in a continuous furnace from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 5% residual oxygen is presented. The disclosed process involves mixing nitrogen gas containing residual oxygen with a predetermined amount of a hydrocarbon gas, feeding the gaseous mixture through a nonconventional device into the hot zone of a continuous heat treating furnace, converting residual oxygen to an acceptable form such as a mixture of moisture and carbon dioxide, a mixture of moisture, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, or a mixture of carbon monoxide, moisture, and hydrogen, and using the resultant gaseous mixture for annealing and heat treating metals and alloys, brazing metals, sintering metal and ceramic powders, and sealing glass to metals.
摘要翻译：一种生产适用于退火和热处理黑色金属和有色金属和合金，钎焊金属，密封玻璃与金属以及在连续炉中烧结金属和陶瓷粉末的非低温生成氮气的方法含有高达5％的残余氧气。所公开的方法包括将含有残留氧的氮气与预定量的烃气混合，将气态混合物通过非常规装置进入连续热处理炉的热区，将残余氧转化为可接受的形式，例如水分和二氧化碳，水分，氢气，一氧化碳和二氧化碳的混合物，或一氧化碳，水分和氢气的混合物，并使用得到的气体混合物进行退火和热处理金属和合金，钎焊金属，烧结金属和陶瓷粉末，以及将金属密封玻璃。

9. 发明授权

US5531372A Moisture-free atmosphere brazing of ferrous metals 失效
标题翻译：黑色金属无水环境钎焊
公开(公告)号：US5531372A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US298004
申请日：1994-08-30
申请人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
发明人： Brian B. Bonner , Diwakar Garg , Kerry R. Berger
IPC分类号： B23K1/00 , B23K1/008 , B23K1/19 , B23K31/02 , B23K35/38
CPC分类号： B23K35/383 , B23K1/008 , B23K1/00
摘要： The present invention discloses a novel, moisture-free atmosphere for brazing carbon steels that provides good braze flow and brazed joint quality with minimum or no formation of soot on brazed joints. According to the present invention, carbon steels are brazed in continuous furnaces using a moisture-free atmosphere containing a mixture of three gases including nitrogen, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. The key features of the invention involve (1) formation of moisture, which is needed to facilitate braze flow and to minimize formation of soot on brazed joints, in-situ in the heating zone of the furnace by the reaction between hydrogen and carbon dioxide and (2) reduction in the overall amount of a reducing gas required for brazing carbon steels by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The use of a moisture-free three gas atmosphere has been unexpectedly found to (1) eliminate the need of an expensive and difficult to control external humidification system, (2) provide flexibility in adjusting moisture content of the atmosphere in the heating zone of the furnace simply by adjusting the flow rate of hydrogen or carbon dioxide or both, and (3) facilitate rapid conditioning of the furnace by keeping moisture out of the cooling zone. The moisture-free atmosphere has also been unexpectedly found to provide good braze flow, fillet formation, and brazed joint quality while minimizing or eliminating formation of soot on brazed joints.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于钎焊碳钢的新型无水气氛，其在钎焊接头上具有最少或不形成烟灰的情况下提供良好的钎焊流动和钎焊接头质量。根据本发明，使用含有三种气体（包括氮气，氢气和二氧化碳）的混合物的无湿气氛将碳钢钎焊在连续炉中。本发明的主要特征包括（1）通过氢气和二氧化碳之间的反应在炉的加热区中原位形成水分，其是促进钎焊流动并且最小化钎焊接头上的烟灰形成所需要的;以及（2）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去而使碳钢钎焊所需的还原气体总量减少。已经意外地发现使用无湿气的三种气体气氛（1）消除了昂贵且难以控制的外部加湿系统的需要，（2）提供调节加热区中的气氛中的含水量的灵活性炉子简单地通过调节氢气或二氧化碳或两者的流量，和（3）通过将水分从冷却区域中除去来促进炉子的快速调节。也意外地发现无湿度的气氛提供良好的钎焊流动，圆角形成和钎焊接头质量，同时最小化或消除钎焊接头上的烟灰形成。

10. 发明授权

US5284526A Integrated process for producing atmospheres suitable for heat treating from non-cryogenically generated nitrogen 失效
标题翻译：用于生产适合于从非低温生成的氮进行热处理的气氛的综合方法
公开(公告)号：US5284526A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US995625
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
发明人： Diwakar Garg , Brian B. Bonner , Donald P. Eichelberger
IPC分类号： B01D53/46 , B01D53/86 , C21D1/76 , F27B9/04 , F27D19/00 , C21D11/00 , F27D23/00
CPC分类号： F27D19/00 , B01D53/46 , B01D53/8671 , C21D1/763 , F27B9/045
摘要： An integrated two-step process for producing low-cost atmospheres suitable for annealing ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, brazing metals, sealing glass to metals, and sintering metal and ceramic powders in continuous furnaces from non-cryogenically produced nitrogen containing up to 3% residual oxygen is disclosed. The residual oxygen present in non-cryogenically produced nitrogen is converted to moisture by mixing it hydrogen and passing the mixture through a reactor packed with a platinum group catalyst in the first step of the process. The reactor effluent stream containing a mixture of nitrogen, unreacted hydrogen, and moisture is mixed with a predetermined amount of a hydrocarbon gas and introduced into the heating zone of a continuous furnace in the second step of the process to 1) convert moisture to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction with the hydrocarbon gas via water gas shift reaction and 2) produce atmospheres in-situ suitable for heat treating. The key features of the process include 1) use of economical amount of hydrogen to convert residual oxygen to moisture in an external catalytic reactor and 2) conversion of moisture to a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reaction with the hydrocarbon gas via water gas shift reaction in the hot zone of a continuous furnace. The disclosed process is particularly suitable for producing low-cost heat treating atmospheres for continuous furnaces operated at 700.degree. C. and above.
摘要翻译：一种用于生产低成本气氛的综合两步法，适用于退火黑色金属和有色金属及合金，钎焊金属，密封玻璃与金属，以及烧结金属和陶瓷粉末的连续炉，由非低温法生产的氮气公开了3％的残余氧。存在于非低温法生产的氮气中的残留氧气通过在其第一步骤中混合氢气并使混合物通过填充有铂族催化剂的反应器而转化为水分。将含有氮气，未反应的氢气和水分的混合物的反应器流出物流与预定量的烃气体混合并在该方法的第二步骤中引入连续炉的加热区域，以将水分转化为混合物的一氧化碳和氢气，通过水煤气变换反应与烃气反应，2）原位产生适合于热处理的气氛。该方法的主要特征包括：1）使用经济数量的氢气将外部催化反应器中的残余氧转化为水分; 2）通过水煤气转移与碳氢化合物气体反应，将水分转化为一氧化碳和氢气的混合物在连续炉的热区反应。所公开的方法特别适用于在700摄氏度及以上的连续炉中生产低成本的热处理环境。

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