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1. 发明授权

US5817282A Reduction of nitrogen oxides 失效
标题翻译：还原氮氧化物
公开(公告)号：US5817282A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-06
申请号：US681145
申请日：1996-07-22
申请人： Desmond Radlein , Girard Simons , Klaus H. Oehr , Joe Zhou
发明人： Desmond Radlein , Girard Simons , Klaus H. Oehr , Joe Zhou
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , C10L1/182 , C10L1/188 , C10L1/22 , C10L3/00 , C10L9/10 , C10L10/02 , C10L9/00
CPC分类号： C10L1/1828 , B01D53/56 , C10L1/1881 , C10L1/221 , C10L10/02 , C10L3/003 , C10L9/10
摘要： A method is provided for reducing the nitrogen oxide content of a flue gas produced by the combustion of fuel by introducing a nitrogen oxide removal agent into either the nitrogen oxide contaminated flue gas or the fuel to be combusted. The nitrogen oxide removal agent is the reaction product of a carbon compound in a pyrolysis liquor and a nitrogen compound such as ammonia, ammonium hydroxide or urea. The carbon compound is selected from carboxylic acids, phenols, esters, aldehydes and ketones. The pyrolysis liquor is derived from a feed stock containing cellulose, lignin or starch.
摘要翻译：提供了一种通过将氮氧化物去除剂引入到被氮氧化物污染的烟道气或要燃烧的燃料中来减少由燃料燃烧产生的烟道气的氮氧化物含量的方法。氮氧化物去除剂是热解液中的碳化合物与氨，氢氧化铵或尿素等氮化合物的反应产物。碳化合物选自羧酸，酚，酯，醛和酮。热解液源自含有纤维素，木质素或淀粉的原料。

2. 发明授权

US5728271A Energy efficient liquefaction of biomaterials by thermolysis 失效
标题翻译：通过热分解能够有效地液化生物材料
公开(公告)号：US5728271A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-17
申请号：US650947
申请日：1996-05-20
申请人： Jan Piskorz , Piotr Majerski , Desmond Radlein
发明人： Jan Piskorz , Piotr Majerski , Desmond Radlein
IPC分类号： B01J8/18 , C10B47/24 , C10B53/02 , C10G1/10 , C10B49/10
CPC分类号： C10B47/24 , B01J8/1836 , C10B53/02 , C10G1/10 , B01J2208/00176 , Y02E50/14
摘要： A thermolysis process for liquefaction of biomass solids in which specific and previously unrecognized conditions are employed. The thermolysis is carried out in a single fluidized bed of inert material operating at near atmospheric pressure, relatively low temperature, long solids and gas residence times and moderate heating rates. The distribution of the thermolysis products among liquid (bio-oil), solid (char) and gases under these conditions is unique. In particular, contrary to the prior art, both high liquid and low char yields are obtained. Furthermore the liquid is of similar composition to those obtained by so called fast pyrolysis processes of the prior art. The specified conditions are such as to allow production of liquids in high yields in an energy efficient manner. The low severity of the conditions in comparison with previous approaches allows simplified process design and scaleup leading to lower capital and operating costs as well as easier control.
摘要翻译：用于液化生物质固体的热分解方法，其中采用特定和先前未被认识的条件。热分解在单一的惰性材料流化床中进行，惰性材料在接近大气压，相对低温，长固体和气体停留时间以及适度的加热速率下运行。在这些条件下，液体（生物油），固体（炭）和气体中的热解产物的分布是独一无二的。特别地，与现有技术相反，获得高液体和低焦炭产率。此外，液体与通过现有技术的所谓的快速热解方法获得的液体相似。具体规定的条件是能够以高能量的方式高产率生产液体。与以前的方法相比，条件的严重程度低，允许简化的过程设计和扩展，从而降低资本和运营成本以及更容易的控制。

3. 发明申请

US20050039599A1 Apparatus for separating fouling contaminants from non-condensable gases at the end of a pyrolysis/thermolysis of biomass process 失效
标题翻译：用于在热解/热解生物质过程结束时分离污染污染物和不可冷凝气体的装置
公开(公告)号：US20050039599A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：US10642333
申请日：2003-08-18
申请人： Warren Johnson , Gholam Yavari , Desmond Radlein
发明人： Warren Johnson , Gholam Yavari , Desmond Radlein
IPC分类号： B01D45/04 , B01D45/12 , B01D53/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/002 , B01D45/04 , B01D45/12 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/04
摘要： A method of continuously capturing BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream produced in a fast pyrolysis/thermolysis process, in a usable liquid form so as to produce a non-condensable gas free of fouling contaminates. The method includes separating BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream using hot inertial separation to maintain the temperature of said BioOil and its constituents above a temperature at which the thick and/or sticky constituents cause inefficient operation of the equipment but low enough so that they do not undergo rapid degradation. Next the gas velocity is reduced to a temperature sufficiently low to allow droplets in the gas stream to settle out but high enough so that a viscosity of said droplets remains low enough to avoid inefficient operation of the separation equipment. Finally, liquid is condensed out of the gas stream.
摘要翻译：一种以可用液体形式从快速热解/热解过程中产生的气流连续捕获BioOil及其组分的方法，以便产生不含有结垢污染物的不可冷凝气体。该方法包括使用热惯性分离将BioOil及其组分与气流分离，以将所述BioOil及其组分的温度维持在厚和/或粘性组分导致设备低效运行的温度，但足够低，使得它们不要经历快速退化。接下来，将气体速度降低到足够低的温度，以允许气流中的液滴沉降但足够高，使得所述液滴的粘度保持足够低以避免分离设备的低效操作。最后，液体从气流中冷凝出来。

4. 发明授权

US09896390B2 Methods of upgrading biooil to transportation grade hydrocarbon fuels 有权
公开(公告)号：US09896390B2
公开(公告)日：2018-02-20
申请号：US14295857
申请日：2014-06-04
申请人： Desmond Radlein , Alain Quignard
发明人： Desmond Radlein , Alain Quignard
IPC分类号： C07C1/20 , C07C4/02 , C10G47/02 , C10G45/04 , C10G3/00 , C07C5/10
CPC分类号： C07C1/20 , C07C4/02 , C07C5/10 , C10G3/44 , C10G3/50 , C10G45/04 , C10G47/02 , C10G2300/1014 , C10G2300/1018 , C10G2300/1048 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , Y02P30/20
摘要： The present invention relates to the field of biomass derived fuels. It further relates to thermochemical production of liquids (biooils) from biomass. Specifically the present invention relates to methods of upgrading biooil. More specifically it relates to a method for upgrading biooil comprising contacting a dispersed mixture of hydrocarbon liquids, biooil, and partially upgraded biooil, with a transition metal containing catalyst and hydrogen gas at a temperature of around 330° C. and a pressure of about 1700 psi (11.7 MPa) for a period of time sufficient to reduce the oxygen content of the biooil such that it separates on cooling into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, and optionally, to further subject the organic phase to hydrotreating, hydrocracking or catalytic cracking to produce a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in the range of gasoline, diesel and jet fuel.

5. 发明授权

US5853548A Energy efficient liquefaction of biomaterials by thermolysis 失效
标题翻译：通过热分解能够有效地液化生物材料
公开(公告)号：US5853548A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US712191
申请日：1996-09-11
申请人： Jan Piskorz , Piotr Majerski , Desmond Radlein
发明人： Jan Piskorz , Piotr Majerski , Desmond Radlein
IPC分类号： B01J8/18 , C10B47/24 , C10B53/02 , C10G1/10 , C10B49/10
CPC分类号： C10B47/24 , B01J8/1836 , C10B53/02 , C10G1/10 , B01J2208/00176 , Y02E50/14
摘要： A thermolysis process for the production of volatiles for an external combustor or liquefaction of biomass solids in which specific and previously unrecognized conditions are employed. The thermolysis is carried out in a single fluidized bed of inert material operating at near atmospheric pressure, relatively low temperature, long solids and gas residence times and moderate heating rates. The distribution of the thermolysis products among, solid (char) and gases under these conditions is unique. The product effluent can be either quenched to produce a high liquid yield in addition to a low char yield or the volatile effluent can be used in either the same combustor or a second combustor to produce heat energy a particularly high efficiency system. In using a quencher, the quenched liquid is of similar composition to those obtained by so called fast pyrolysis processes of the prior art. The specified conditions are such as to allow production of liquids in high yields in an energy efficient manner. The low severity of the conditions in comparison with previous approaches allows simplified process design and scale-up leading to lower capital and operating costs as well as easier control.
摘要翻译：用于生产用于外部燃烧器的挥发物或液化生物质固体的热分解方法，其中采用特定的和先前未被认识的条件。热分解在单一的惰性材料流化床中进行，惰性材料在接近大气压，相对低温，长固体和气体停留时间以及适度的加热速率下运行。在这些条件下，固体（炭）和气体之间的热解产物的分布是独一无二的。除了低焦炭产率之外，产物流出物可以淬灭以产生高液体产率，或者可以在相同的燃烧器或第二燃烧器中使用挥发性流出物以产生特别高效率的系统的热能。在使用猝灭剂时，淬灭的液体与通过现有技术的所谓快速热解方法得到的液体组成相似。具体规定的条件是能够以高能量的方式高产率生产液体。与以前的方法相比，条件的严重程度低，允许简化的过程设计和放大，从而降低资本和运营成本以及更容易的控制。

6. 发明授权

US5605551A Process for the thermal conversion of biomass to liquids 失效
标题翻译：生物质热转化为液体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5605551A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-25
申请号：US446789
申请日：1995-07-31
申请人： Donald S. Scott , Jan Piskorz , Desmond Radlein , Piotr Majerski
发明人： Donald S. Scott , Jan Piskorz , Desmond Radlein , Piotr Majerski
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10L1/02
CPC分类号： C10B53/02 , C10B49/10 , C10G1/02 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P20/145
摘要： A high conversion of biomass, such as wood, sawdust, bark, or agricultural wastes, to liquids is obtained bypyrolysis at short reaction tines in a reactor capable of high heat transfer rates; the reactor being of the fluidized bed, circulating fluidized bed or transport type in which the conveying gas contains low and carefully controlled amounts of oxygen, allowing a reaction system with low concentrations of carbon monoxide or flammable gases with a resulting improvement in operating safety and potential improvement in thermal efficiency and capital costs. The oxidation steps may be carried out in one or two stages. The resulting liquid product may be used as an alternative liquid fuel or as a source of high-value chemicals.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / CA93 / 00504 Sec。 371日期1995年7月31日 102（e）日期1995年7月31日PCT 1993年11月24日PCT公布。出版物WO94 / 12592 日期1994年6月9日通过在具有高传热速率的反应器中通过在短的反应尖端进行热解来获得生物质如木材，木屑，树皮或农业废物的高转化率; 反应器是流化床，循环流化床或输送类型，其中输送气体含有低的且小心控制的氧气，允许具有低浓度一氧化碳或可燃气体的反应系统，从而提高了操作安全性和潜力提高热效率和资本成本。氧化步骤可以在一个或两个阶段中进行。所得液体产物可用作替代液体燃料或作为高价值化学品的来源。

7. 发明授权

US5395455A Process for the production of anhydrosugars from lignin and cellulose containing biomass by pyrolysis 失效
标题翻译：通过热解由木质素和含纤维素生物质生产脱水糖的方法
公开(公告)号：US5395455A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US29418
申请日：1993-03-09
申请人： Donald S. Scott , Jan Piskorz , Desmond Radlein , Piotr Majerski
发明人： Donald S. Scott , Jan Piskorz , Desmond Radlein , Piotr Majerski
IPC分类号： C07H3/10 , C13K1/02 , C13K13/00 , C07G17/00
CPC分类号： C13K1/02 , C07H3/10 , C13K13/00 , Y02E50/14
摘要： A process is described for the production of anhydrosugars such as levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-.beta.-D-glucopyranose), from liquids obtained by the fast thermal pyrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosics or celluloses. In this process, the pyrolytic liquids containing the anhydrosugars are produced with a substantially reduced amount of lignin-derived components by using as feedstock materials which have been previously delignified and then pretreated, or by preferential oxidation of the lignin fraction of a pretreated biomass during pyrolysis. The preparation from pretreated biomass of pyrolytic liquors from which the lignin derived chemical products of fast pyrolysis are absent or in low concentrations permits simpler and more economical recovery of crystalline levoglucosan and other anhydrosugars, or a more economical preparation of readily fermentable aqueous sugar solutions therefrom. A new procedure for the recovery of crystalline levoglucosan from such solutions is described.
摘要翻译：描述了通过预处理的木质纤维素或纤维素的快速热解获得的液体来生产脱水葡萄糖（例如左旋葡聚糖（1,6-脱水-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖））的方法。在该方法中，含有脱水葡萄糖的热解液通过使用先前脱木质素然后进行预处理的原料，或通过在热解过程中优先氧化预处理的生物质的木质素部分，以大量减少木质素衍生的成分。由木质素衍生的快速热解化学产品不存在或低浓度的热解液的预处理生物质的制备允许结晶左旋葡聚糖和其他脱水葡萄糖的更简单和更经济的回收，或更经济地制备易于发酵的糖水溶液。描述了从这种溶液中回收结晶左旋葡聚糖的新方法。

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