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1. 发明授权

US4521732A Pulse sequence for use in performing nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：用于执行核磁共振光谱的脉冲序列
公开(公告)号：US4521732A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-04
申请号：US466543
申请日：1983-02-15
申请人： David T. Pegg , David M. Doddrell , Max R. Bendall
发明人： David T. Pegg , David M. Doddrell , Max R. Bendall
IPC分类号： G01R33/46 , G01R33/08
CPC分类号： G01R33/4608
摘要： A liquid sample comprising a system made up of two types of heteronuclei is pulsed in a particular manner in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment so that the resulting NMR signal from the one type of heteronucleus depends on the scalar-coupled interaction with the other type of heteronucleus. The sequence of radiofrequency pulses is such that the two types of heteronuclei interact via the phenomenon of polarization transfer and by the phenomenon of the correlated motion of the two types of heteronuclei in the transverse plane of the doubly rotating reference frame. The combination of these two phenomena in the one pulse sequence provides NMR signals which are easily made less dependent on the exact magnitude of the heteronuclear scalar coupling constant. The coupled NMR signals for polarization transfer from a system of multiple spin-half nuclei have multiplet components in the normal ratio. Consequently the pulse sequence provides an improved method for obtaining chemical structural information. Applications include the provision of accurate edited subspectra; polarization transfer between any number of one type of heteronucleus of any spin number and any number of a second type of heteronucleus of any spin number; and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy.
摘要翻译：包含由两种异种核构成的系统的液体样品在核磁共振（NMR）实验中以特定方式脉冲化，使得来自一种类型的异核的所得NMR信号取决于与其他类型的异核的标量耦合相互作用异源核型。射频脉冲的序列是这样的两种类型的异核通过极化转移的现象和双重参考帧的横向平面中的两种异核的相关运动的现象相互作用。这两个现象在一个脉冲序列中的组合提供了NMR信号，这些信号容易使得较少依赖于异核标量耦合常数的精确幅度。用于从多个半自旋半核系统进行极化转移的耦合NMR信号具有正常比例的多重分量。因此，脉冲序列提供了获得化学结构信息的改进方法。申请包括提供准确编辑的子;; 任何数量的任何自旋数的异核的任何数量的任何自旋数的任意数量的第二类异源核之间的极化转移; 和二维NMR光谱。

2. 发明授权

US07212004B2 Multi-layer magnet 有权
标题翻译：多层磁铁
公开(公告)号：US07212004B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-01
申请号：US11183940
申请日：2005-07-19
申请人： David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
发明人： David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/3815 , G01R33/3875 , G01R33/421
摘要： A shielded superconducting MRI magnet system uses a multi-layer shielded coil design. By splitting the magnet coils into a plurality of coil layers, an increased number of degrees of freedom is achieved which, in turn, permits minimization of the overall length of the magnet while nevertheless avoiding excessive magnet field and stress values in the coils. A compact coil system is thereby designed which also satisfies the plurality of MRI requirements with regard to sufficiently large investigational volume, magnet field strength, acceptable homogeneity, and magnet stray field limitation while achieving sufficiently low maximum coil B field strengths and stress values to avoid quenches and maintain the structural integrity of the magnet.
摘要翻译：屏蔽超导MRI磁体系统采用多层屏蔽线圈设计。通过将磁体线圈分成多个线圈层，实现了增加数量的自由度，这进而允许最小化磁体的整个长度，同时避免了线圈中过多的磁场和应力值。由此设计了一种紧凑的线圈系统，其在满足足够大的研究体积，磁场强度，可接受的均匀性和磁体杂散场限制的同时满足多个MRI要求，同时实现足够低的最大线圈B场强和应力值以避免淬火并保持磁体的结构完整性。

3. 发明授权

US4945308A Volume selected NMR spectroscopy 失效
标题翻译：体积选择NMR光谱
公开(公告)号：US4945308A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US283482
申请日：1988-10-28
申请人： David M. Doddrell , William M. Brooks
发明人： David M. Doddrell , William M. Brooks
IPC分类号： A61B10/00 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/483
CPC分类号： G01R33/4833
摘要： A method for volume-selected NMR spectroscopy where an rf pulse of selected bandwidth, in the presence of a field gradient superimposed upon an initial homogenous magnetic field, rotates a slice of magnetization into the transverse plane, and it then uses a high power refocussing pulse to refocus the phase roll that accompanies the rf pulse. After an appropriate time, the magnetization is pulsed back to the homogenous magnetic field axis and the gradient collapsed. A read pulse is used to tip the magnetization of interest into the transverse plane for acquisition in the absence of applied gradients.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU87 / 00113 Sec。 371日期1988年10月28日第 102（e）日期1988年10月28日PCT提交1987年4月24日PCT公布。公开号WO87 / 06700 日本1987年11月5日。一种体积选择NMR光谱的方法，其中选定带宽的rf脉冲在叠加在初始均匀磁场上的场梯度存在下将一段磁化转变成横向平面，并且然后使用高功率重新聚焦脉冲来重新聚焦伴随rf脉冲的相位辊。在适当的时间之后，磁化被脉冲回到均匀的磁场轴，梯度折叠。读取脉冲用于将感兴趣的磁化提升到横向平面，以在没有施加的梯度的情况下进行采集。

4. 发明授权

US06700468B2 Asymmetric magnets for magnetic resonance imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于磁共振成像的非对称磁体
公开(公告)号：US06700468B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-02
申请号：US10000995
申请日：2001-11-30
申请人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
发明人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01R33/3806 , G01R33/3808
摘要： Asymmetric, compact non-superconducting magnets for magnetic resonance imaging are provided. The magnets have a homogeneous region (the “dsv”) which can be located close to one end of the magnet so as to reduce the sensation of claustrophobia experienced by patients undergoing MRI procedures. The magnets can be designed using a hybrid process in which current density analysis is performed to obtain an initial coil configuration which is then refined using non-linear optimization techniques to obtain a final coil configuration. The hybrid method can incorporate various constraints, including, the location and size of the dsv, the uniformity and strength of the B0 field, stray field strengths outside of the non-superconducting magnet, and field strengths within the magnet's coils. The hybrid technique can also be used to design compact symmetric non-superconducting magnets.
摘要翻译：提供用于磁共振成像的不对称，紧凑的非超导磁体。磁体具有均匀的区域（“dsv”），其可以位于靠近磁体的一端的位置，以便减少经历MRI程序的患者经历的幽闭恐惧症的感觉。可以使用混合过程来设计磁体，其中进行电流密度分析以获得初始线圈配置，然后使用非线性优化技术来精炼以获得最终的线圈配置。混合方法可以包括各种约束，包括dsv的位置和尺寸，B0场的均匀性和强度，非超导磁体外部的杂散场强以及磁体线圈内的场强。混合技术也可用于设计紧凑型对称非超导磁体。

5. 发明授权

US5818319A Magnets for magnetic resonance systems 失效
标题翻译：磁共振系统磁铁
公开(公告)号：US5818319A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-06
申请号：US576069
申请日：1995-12-21
申请人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell
发明人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell
IPC分类号： G01R33/38 , G01R33/3815 , G01R33/421 , G01V3/00 , H01F7/20
CPC分类号： G01R33/3815 , G01R33/3806 , G01R33/421
摘要： Procedures for designing magnets, including superconducting magnets, shim magnets, and gradient magnets for magnetic resonance systems, are provided. The procedures involve the use of a simulated annealing procedure in which weighted spherical harmonics are included in the procedure's error function. The procedure has resulted in the development of previously unknown magnet designs. In particular, superconducting magnets have been designed which include at least one coil in which the current flow is opposite to that in adjoining coils. Such reversed flow in combination with a relatively large number of coils, e.g., more than 6 coils, have enabled the development of short, yet homogeneous, whole body magnets for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
摘要翻译：提供了用于设计磁体的方法，包括用于磁共振系统的超导磁体，垫片磁体和梯度磁体。该程序涉及使用模拟退火程序，其中加权球面谐波包括在程序的误差函数中。该程序导致了以前未知的磁体设计的发展。特别地，已经设计了超导磁体，其包括至少一个线圈，其中电流与毗邻的线圈相反。与相对大量的线圈（例如多于6个线圈）组合的这种反向流动使得能够开发用于磁共振成像（MRI）的短而均匀的全身磁体。

6. 发明授权

US5166616A Method for recording spin resonance spectra 失效
标题翻译：记录自旋共振谱的方法
公开(公告)号：US5166616A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-24
申请号：US654651
申请日：1991-02-12
申请人： David M. Doddrell , Grahmam J. Galloway , Ian M. Brereton
发明人： David M. Doddrell , Grahmam J. Galloway , Ian M. Brereton
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01N24/12 , G01R33/46 , G01R33/483
CPC分类号： G01R33/4608 , G01R33/4833
摘要： A method serving for recording spin resonance spectra of test samples having at least two groups (CH.sub.3, CH) of nuclei of the same kind and of substantially identical chemical shift, comprises the step of suppressing the signal of the second group (CH) for the purpose of obtaining an isolated image of the signal of the first group (CH.sub.3). To this end, a pulse sequence of four r.f. pulses, preferably 90.degree. r.f. pulses (10, 12, 13, 14), are irradiated upon the sample. The first r.f. pulse (10) is a soft pulse, selective for the nuclei of the first group (CH.sub.3). The second r.f. pulse (12) is a soft pulse, selective for the nuclei of the second group (CH), and causes the magnetizations of the nuclei of the first group (CH.sub.3) and of the second group (CH) to be transferred, at least in part, to a state of multiple-quantum coherence. Immediately following the second r.f. pulse (12) the third r.f. pulse (13), being at least one hard pulse, is irradiated upon the sample, and is adjusted in such a way that the multiple-quantum coherence is transferred to a correlated z-order state. A dephased magnetic gradient field pulse (15) is exerted upon the sample (30) in the interval .tau..sub.HS between the third r.f. pulse (13) and the fourth r.f. pulse (14). The fourth r.f. pulse (14) is a soft pulse, selective for the nuclei of the first group (CH.sub.3). It is adjusted in such a way that the correlated z-order state is re-transferred to a state of single-quantum coherence of the nuclei of the second group (CH). Thereafter one detects the resonance signal of the nuclei of the first group (CH.sub.3).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00308第 371日期1991年2月12日 102（e）日期1991年2月12日PCT提交1990年4月27日PCT公布。出版物WO90 / 13825 日期为1990年11月15日。用于记录具有相同种类和基本相同化学位移的至少两个核（CH 3，CH）基团的测试样品的自旋共振光谱的方法包括以下步骤：第二组（CH），用于获得第一组（CH 3）的信号的孤立图像。为此，脉冲序列为4 r.f. 脉冲，优选90°r.f。脉冲（10,12,13,14）照射在样品上。第一个r.f. 脉冲（10）是对第一组（CH 3）的核选择性的软脉冲。第二个r.f. 脉冲（12）是对第二组（CH）的核选择性的软脉冲，并且使得第一组（CH 3）和第二组（CH）的核的磁化至少在部分，到多量子一致性的状态。紧随第二个r.f. 脉冲（12）第三个r.f. 作为至少一个硬脉冲的脉冲（13）被照射在样本上，并且以使得多量子相干被转移到相关的z阶状态的方式进行调整。在第三个r.f.之间的间隔τHS中，对样本（30）施加去相位的磁梯度场脉冲（15）。脉冲（13）和第四个r.f. 脉冲（14）。第四个r.f. 脉冲（14）是对第一组（CH 3）的核选择性的软脉冲。以相关的z阶状态被重新转移到第二组（CH）的核的单量子相干状态的方式进行调整。其后，检测第一组（CH 3）的核的共振信号。

7. 再颁专利

USRE39460E1 Asymmetric superconducting magnets for magnetic resonance imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于磁共振成像的非对称超导磁体
公开(公告)号：USRE39460E1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-09
申请号：US10283692
申请日：2002-10-30
申请人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
发明人： Stuart Crozier , David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
IPC分类号： G01V3/00 , H01F5/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/3815 , G01R33/3806
摘要： Asymmetric, compact superconducting magnets for magnetic resonance imaging are provided. The magnets have a homogeneous region (the “dsv”) which can be located close to one end of the magnet so as to reduce the sensation of claustrophobia experienced by patients undergoing MRI procedures. The magnets can be designed using a hybrid process in which current density analysis is performed to obtain an initial coil configuration which is then refined using non-linear optimization techniques to obtain a final coil configuration. The hybrid method can incorporate various constraints, including, the location and size of the dsv, the uniformity and strength of the B0 field, stray field strengths outside of the superconducting magnet, and field strengths within the magnet's coils. The hybrid technique can also be used to design compact symmetric superconducting magnets.
摘要翻译：提供用于磁共振成像的非对称紧凑型超导磁体。磁体具有均匀的区域（“dsv”），其可以位于靠近磁体的一端的位置，以便减少经历MRI程序的患者经历的幽闭恐惧症的感觉。可以使用混合过程来设计磁体，其中进行电流密度分析以获得初始线圈配置，然后使用非线性优化技术来精炼以获得最终的线圈配置。混合方法可以包括各种约束，包括dsv的位置和大小，B O场的均匀性和强度，超导磁体外部的杂散场强，以及磁体的磁场强度线圈混合技术也可用于设计紧凑的对称超导磁体。

8. 发明授权

US5289127A Correction of signal distortion in an NMR apparatus 失效
标题翻译： NMR装置中信号失真的校正
公开(公告)号：US5289127A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US962896
申请日：1992-10-19
申请人： David M. Doddrell , Stuart Crozier , Michael T. Gladwin
发明人： David M. Doddrell , Stuart Crozier , Michael T. Gladwin
IPC分类号： G01R33/565 , G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/56518
摘要： Temporal B.sub.o shifts in NMR spectroscopy and/or imaging systems arising from pulsed field gradient induced eddy currents result in the distortion of free induction decay signals. A method of compensation of this distortion through modulation of the sender and/or receiver signal in opposite concert with the induced B.sub.o shifts is introduced. The method has the advantage of having a fast response and of not altering the magnetic gradient field. (FIG. 4)
摘要翻译： NMR波谱和/或由脉冲场梯度诱发的涡流引起的成像系统的时间波偏移导致自由感应衰减信号的失真。引入了一种通过调制发射器和/或接收器信号来补偿这种失真的方法，与诱导的Bo移位相反。该方法具有快速响应并且不改变磁梯度场的优点。（图。

9. 发明授权

US4889126A Method for determining the turnover of organic material in living tissue and NMR spectrometer for performing this method 失效
标题翻译：用于确定活体组织中的有机材料的周转量和用于执行该方法的NMR光谱仪的方法
公开(公告)号：US4889126A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-26
申请号：US58302
申请日：1987-06-05
申请人： David M. Doddrell , Michael G. Irving
发明人： David M. Doddrell , Michael G. Irving
IPC分类号： G01R33/28 , G01R33/465
CPC分类号： G01R33/465
摘要： A method for determining the turnover of organic material stored in living organic tissue consists in that the deuterium content of the stored material is artificially modified from natural abundance and monitored as a function of time by measuring the CHD-signal by means of magnetic resonance spectroscopy. E.g., for determining the fat turnover in living beings, the deuterium content of the body fat may be increased by administering to the living being drinking water contaiing 10% D.sub.2 O for 28 days. Thereafter, the decrease of the deuterium content of the body fat is monitored while normal water is administered. The loss of .sup.2 H from body fat is an indication for the body fat turnover.

10. 发明授权

US07088099B2 Correction of magnetic resonance images 失效
标题翻译：校正磁共振图像
公开(公告)号：US07088099B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US10744593
申请日：2003-12-23
申请人： David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
发明人： David M. Doddrell , Huawei Zhao
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/7257 , A61B5/055 , G01R33/56518 , G01R33/56572
摘要： Spatial encoding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques is achieved by sampling the signal as a function of time in the presence of magnetic field gradients, e.g., X, Y, and Z gradients. The gradient magnets have in the past been assumed to generate a linear gradient, and typical image reconstruction techniques have relied upon this assumption. However, to achieve high speed performance, gradient magnets often sacrifice linearity for speed. This non-linearity, in turn, results in distorted images, the distortion often being sufficiently large to compromise the usefulness of MRI images for stereotaxy or longitudinal studies, where precise volumetric information is required. The disclosure provides practical methods for correcting distorted images resulting from such non-linearity in the gradient fields, as well as distortions resulting from translational, rotational, and/or winding/design errors in the field generating devices. The methods employ spherical harmonic expansions of the gradient fields and fast Fourier transform techniques to provide well-corrected images without undue computational burdens.
摘要翻译：在磁共振成像（MRI）技术中的空间编码通过在存在磁场梯度例如X，Y和Z梯度的情况下将信号作为时间的函数进行采样来实现。过去已经假设梯度磁体产生线性梯度，典型的图像重建技术依赖于这一假设。然而，为了实现高速性能，梯度磁体通常牺牲线速度的速度。这种非线性反过来导致图像失真，失真通常足够大以损害用于立体定向或纵向研究的MRI图像的有用性，其中需要精确的体积信息。本公开提供了用于校正由梯度场中的这种非线性导致的失真图像以及由场产生装置中的平移，旋转和/或绕组/设计误差引起的失真的实用方法。该方法采用梯度场和快速傅立叶变换技术的球面谐波扩展，以提供良好校正的图像，而不会造成不必要的计算负担。

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