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1. 发明授权

US5980724A Method of electrochemically producing epoxides 失效
标题翻译：电化学生产环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5980724A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US112657
申请日：1998-07-09
申请人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
发明人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
IPC分类号： C25B3/04 , C25B3/00 , C25B7/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： Described is a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. An electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and a bipolar ion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) at least one pair of intermediate compartments separating the catholyte and anode compartments and separated from each other by an anion exchange membrane. The following are introduced into the cell: a first aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the catholyte compartment; hydrogen gas into the anode compartment; an aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin into the first compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments; and a second aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the second compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell, and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the first compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。提供一种电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解液室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和双极离子交换膜，（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）至少一对隔离阴极电解液室和阳极室的中间隔室，阴离子交换膜。将以下物质引入电池中：将第一水性导电电解质溶液引入到阴极电解液室中; 氢气进入阳极室; 将α-卤代醇的水溶液注入到该对中间隔室的第一隔室中; 以及第二水性导电电解质溶液进入所述一对中间隔室中的第二隔室。直流电流通过电解槽，从第一隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。

2. 发明授权

US5972195A Method of electrolytically producing epoxides 失效
标题翻译：电解生产环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5972195A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US112658
申请日：1998-07-09
申请人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
发明人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
IPC分类号： C25B3/04 , C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrin, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxide, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment of an electrolytic cell, which contains a cathode, hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment of the cell, which contains an anode assembly comprising a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode fixedly held between a current collecting electrode and an anion exchange membrane. The catholyte and anode compartments of the cell are separated by the anion exchange membrane. An aqueous solution containing epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将α-卤代醇例如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物的方法，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇。将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到包含阴极的电解池的阴极电解液室中，氢气被加入到电池的阳极室中，该阳极室包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括固定保持在集电极和阴离子交换膜。细胞的阴极电解液和阳极室被阴离子交换膜分离。从阴极电解液室除去含有环氧化物的水溶液。

3. 发明授权

US5997716A Method of electrochemically producing epoxides 失效
标题翻译：电化学生产环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5997716A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US112660
申请日：1998-07-09
申请人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
发明人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang
IPC分类号： C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： Described is a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and an anion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) an intermediate compartment separated from the catholyte and anode compartments by the anion exchange membrane and either (i) the hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode or (ii) the hydraulic barrier respectively. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment and an aqueous electrolyte solution is charged to the intermediate compartment. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。提供一种三室电解池，其具有：（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）通过阴离子交换膜与阴极电解液和阳极隔室分离的中间室和（i ）氢消耗气体扩散阳极或（ii）液压屏障。将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将氢气加入到阳极室中，并将电解质水溶液装入中间室。直流电流通过电解槽，从阴极电解液隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。

4. 发明授权

US5997715A Method of electrochemically producing epoxides 失效
标题翻译：电化学生产环氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US5997715A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US112659
申请日：1998-07-09
申请人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang , James R. Franks
发明人： David G. Roberts , Peter C. Foller , Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang , James R. Franks
IPC分类号： C07D301/26 , C25B3/02 , C25B3/04 , C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C07D301/14 , C07D301/26 , C25B3/04 , Y02P20/582
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and anion exchange membrane, (2) an anolyte compartment containing an anode assembly comprising an anode and a cation exchange membrane, and (3) an intermediate compartment partitioned from the catholyte and anolyte compartments by the anion and cation exchange membranes respectively. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen halide solutions are charged to the intermediate and anolyte compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。提供一种三室电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极和阳离子交换膜;以及（3）中间隔室分别由阴离子和阳极电解质隔室分隔开。将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将卤化氢溶液加入到中间体和阳极电解液室中。直流电流通过电解槽，从阴极电解液隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。

5. 发明授权

US5882501A Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine 失效
标题翻译：将胺氢卤化物转化为游离胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US5882501A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US914602
申请日：1997-08-18
申请人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
发明人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , B01D61/52 , C07C209/68 , C07C211/10 , C25B3/00 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/16 , C25B1/00 , C25B7/00 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C07C209/68 , B01D61/44 , B01D61/52 , C25B3/00 , C25B9/08 , C25B9/16
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., ethyleneamine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine, by charging an aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide to the catholyte compartment of an electrolytic cell, which contains a cathode, charging hydrogen gas to the anode compartment of the cell, which contains an anode assembly comprised of a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode fixedly held between a current collecting electrode and an anion exchange membrane. The catholyte and anode compartments of the cell are separated by the anion exchange membrane. An amine hydrohalide solution containing free amine is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了通过将胺氢卤化物的水溶液加入到含有阴极的电解池的阴极电解液室中，将胺氢卤化物（例如，乙烯胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法，将氢气加入到阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件由固定保持在集电电极和阴离子交换膜之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极组成。细胞的阴极电解液和阳极室被阴离子交换膜分离。从阴极电解液室除去含有游离胺的胺氢卤酸盐溶液。

6. 发明授权

US5904829A Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine 失效
标题翻译：将胺氢卤化物转化为游离胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US5904829A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US914601
申请日：1997-08-18
申请人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
发明人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C07C209/68 , C25B3/00 , C25B1/00 , C25B7/00 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/445 , C07C209/68 , C25B3/00
摘要： Describes a method of electreochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., amine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine. An electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and a bipolar ion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) at least one pair of intermediate compartments separating the catholyte and anode compartments and separated from each other by an anion exchange membrane. The following are introduced into the cell: a first aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the catholyte compartment; hydrogen gas into the anode compartment; an aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide into the first compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments; and a second aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the second compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell, and an aqueous solution comprising free amine is removed from the first compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将胺氢卤化物（例如胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法。提供一种电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解液室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和双极离子交换膜，（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）至少一对隔离阴极电解液室和阳极室的中间隔室，阴离子交换膜。将以下物质引入电池中：将第一水性导电电解质溶液引入到阴极电解液室中; 氢气进入阳极室; 胺氢卤酸盐的水溶液进入该对中间隔室的第一隔室; 以及第二水性导电电解质溶液进入所述一对中间隔室中的第二隔室。直流电流通过电解槽，从第一隔室除去包含游离胺的水溶液。

7. 发明授权

US5900133A Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine 失效
标题翻译：将胺氢卤化物转化为游离胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US5900133A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US914600
申请日：1997-08-18
申请人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang , James R. Franks
发明人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang , James R. Franks
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C25B3/00 , C25B1/00 , C25B7/00 , C25B15/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/00 , B01D61/44
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., ethyleneamine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and anion exchange membrane, (2) an anolyte compartment containing an anode assembly comprising an anode and a cation exchange membrane, and (3) an intermediate compartment separated from the catholyte and anolyte compartments by the anion and cation exchange membranes respectively. An aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen halide solutions are charged to the intermediate and anolyte compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising free amine is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将胺氢卤化物（例如乙烯胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法。提供一种三室电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极和阳离子交换膜;以及（3）中间室分别通过阴离子和阳离子交换膜与阴极电解液和阳极电解质隔室分离。将胺氢卤化物的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将卤化氢溶液装入中间体和阳极电解液室。直流电流通过电解槽，并从阴极电解液隔室除去包含游离胺的水溶液。

8. 发明授权

US5906722A Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine 失效
标题翻译：将胺氢卤化物转化为游离胺的方法
公开(公告)号：US5906722A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-25
申请号：US914603
申请日：1997-08-18
申请人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
发明人： Peter C. Foller , David G. Roberts , Robert H. Tang
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C02F1/469 , C25B3/00 , C25B9/08 , C25B7/00 , C25B1/00 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B9/08 , C25B3/00
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting amine hydrohalide, e.g., ethyleneamine hydrochloride, into free amine, e.g., free ethyleneamine. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and an anion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) an intermediate compartment separated from the catholyte and anode compartments by the anion exchange membrane and either (i) the hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode or (ii) the hydraulic barrier respectively. An aqueous solution of amine hydrohalide is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment and an aqueous conductive electrolyte solution is charged to the intermediate compartment. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising free amine is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译：描述了将胺氢卤化物（例如乙烯胺盐酸盐）电化学转化成游离胺，例如游离亚乙基胺的方法。提供一种三室电解池，其具有：（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）通过阴离子交换膜与阴极电解液和阳极隔室分离的中间室和（i ）氢消耗气体扩散阳极或（ii）液压屏障。将胺氢卤化物的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将氢气加入到阳极室中，并将水性导电电解质溶液装入中间室。直流电流通过电解槽，并从阴极电解液隔室除去包含游离胺的水溶液。

9. 发明申请

US20130206323A1 METHOD OF MAKING AN OPTICAL ELEMENT HAVING AN ELECTROCHROMIC APODIZED APERTURE 有权
标题翻译：制造具有电致变色光孔的光学元件的方法
公开(公告)号：US20130206323A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-15
申请号：US13587284
申请日：2012-08-16
申请人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
发明人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
IPC分类号： B29D11/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/153 , B29D11/0074 , G02B5/005 , G02B27/58 , G03B9/02
摘要： A method of forming an optical element which includes an electrochromic apodized aperture having variable light transmittance through a clear aperture area in response to an applied electrical current is disclosed. The apodized aperture includes a body including an area defining the clear aperture area wherein a fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area, and includes at least one fill passage extending from the fluid containment area to at least one fill port outside of the clear aperture area; an electrochromic fluid within the fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area and having variable light transmittance in response to an applied electrical current; a cover attached with the electrochromic fluid between the cover and body; electrical contacts electrically coupled to the electrochromic fluid for supplying electrical current thereto; and at least one passage seal in each said fill passage positioned outside of the clear aperture area.
摘要翻译：公开了一种形成光学元件的方法，该光学元件包括响应于施加的电流通过透明孔径区域具有可变透光率的电致变色孔径。变迹孔包括主体，其包括限定透明孔径区域的区域，其中流体容纳区域基本上与透明孔径区域重叠，并且包括从流体容纳区域延伸到至少一个填充口的至少一个填充通道，区; 所述液体容纳区域内的电致变色液体基本上与所述透明孔径区域重叠并且响应于施加的电流具有可变的透光率; 盖子和主体之间附着有电致变色流体的盖子; 电接触电耦合到电致变色流体以供应电流的电接触; 并且每个所述填充通道中的至少一个通道密封件位于透光孔区域的外部。

10. 发明申请

US20130215489A1 OPTICAL ELEMENT HAVING AN ELECTROCHROMIC APODIZED APERTURE AND AN APERTURE BODY FORMING AN ELECTROCHROMIC APODIZED APERTURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有电致变色光孔的光学元件和形成电致变色光孔的光孔体
公开(公告)号：US20130215489A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-22
申请号：US13587218
申请日：2012-08-16
申请人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
发明人： Forrest R. Blackburn , Jonathan Bork , John A. Charny , Stefan C. Dehaseth , Peter C. Foller , Andrew J. Lamb , Kevin W. Seybert , Michael A. Steimle , Robert H. Tang , Robert W. Walters
IPC分类号： G02F1/153
CPC分类号： G02F1/153 , B29D11/0074 , G02B5/005 , G02B27/58 , G03B9/02
摘要： An optical element includes an electrochromic apodized aperture having variable light transmittance through a clear aperture area in response to an applied electrical current. The apodized aperture includes an aperture body including an area defining the clear aperture area, the body having a fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area, and includes at least one fill passage extending from the fluid containment area to at least one fill port outside of the clear aperture area; an electrochromic fluid within the fluid containment area substantially overlapping the clear aperture area and having variable light transmittance in response to an applied electrical current; a cover attached with the electrochromic fluid between the cover and body; electrical contacts electrically coupled to the electrochromic fluid for supplying electrical current thereto; and at least one passage seal in each said fill passage positioned outside of the clear aperture area.
摘要翻译：光学元件包括电致变色孔径，其响应于施加的电流通过透明孔径区域具有可变的透光率。变迹孔包括孔体，该孔体包括限定清洁孔径区域的区域，该主体具有基本上与透明孔径区域重叠的流体容纳区域，并且包括从流体容纳区域延伸至至少一个填充口外部的至少一个填充通道的清晰开口面积; 所述液体容纳区域内的电致变色液体基本上与所述透明孔径区域重叠并且响应于施加的电流具有可变的透光率; 盖子和主体之间附着有电致变色流体的盖子; 电接触电耦合到电致变色流体以供应电流的电接触; 并且每个所述填充通道中的至少一个通道密封件位于透光孔区域的外部。

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