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1. 发明授权

US4424531A Inspection device with television camera for nuclear installations 失效
标题翻译：带有核装置的电视摄像机的检查装置
公开(公告)号：US4424531A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US265693
申请日：1981-05-20
申请人： Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Hans-Juergen Heiland , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Hans-Juergen Heiland , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
IPC分类号： G21C17/08 , H04N5/225 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N5/2259 , H04N5/2256 , H04N2005/2255
摘要： An inspection device for the inspection of internal spaces in nuclear reactor installations requires extremely small dimensions while being capable of use at high temperatures and exposures to radiation during shutdown periods of the reactor. The device is designed so that it is readily adapted to a particular inspection purpose. The particular device meeting these requirements comprises a camera arranged in a tube and cooled in such tube. The objective of the camera and/or a mirror are each connected with means for relative movement. A source light and the movement means are designed as separate structural elements which may be assembled in different combinations in a modular fashion.
摘要翻译：用于检查核反应堆装置内部空间的检查装置需要非常小的尺寸，同时能够在高温下使用并在反应堆的停机期间暴露于辐射。设备的设计使其易于适应特定的检查目的。满足这些要求的特定装置包括布置在管中并在这种管中冷却的照相机。摄像机和/或镜子的目的各自与用于相对运动的装置相连。源光和移动装置被设计为分开的结构元件，其可以以模块化的方式组合成不同的组合。

2. 发明授权

US5032349A Shutdown of a high temperature reactor 失效
标题翻译：关闭高温反应堆
公开(公告)号：US5032349A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US5584
申请日：1987-01-21
申请人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
IPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C5/04 , G21C7/107
CPC分类号： G21C7/107 , G21C5/04 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A process is provided for the long term shutdown of a high temperature nuclear reactor comprised of a pile of spherical fuel elements in a core by means of a neutron absorbing absorber material wherein the absorber material consisting of spherical absorber elements is introduced in the core of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, but wherein the intermixing of the absorber material with the fuel elements is prevented. An apparatus for practicing the process is also provided comprised of a graphite side reflector concentrically surrounding a circular cylindrical core filled with a pile of spherical fuel elements of a high temperature nuclear reactor, into which at least two nose shaped projections distributed uniformly about the circumference radially project, with each of the projections comprising a vertical cavity to contain the absorber material. The vertical cavity is located in the vicinity of the core in the area of the frontal side facing the core of each projection. Pourable absorber material provided by means of a reservoir located above the core and introduced into the vertical cavity penetrates the pile of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, thereby absorbing neutron radiation.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法，用于通过中子吸收吸收材料长期关闭由核心中的一堆球形燃料元件组成的高温核反应堆，其中将由球形吸收体元件组成的吸收体材料引入球形核心燃料元件为柱形，但是其中防止了吸收体与燃料元件的混合。还提供了一种用于实施该方法的设备，其包括石英侧反射器，其同心地围绕填充有高温核反应堆的一堆球形燃料元件的圆柱形芯，至少两个鼻形突起围绕径向均匀分布其中每个突起包括垂直腔以容纳吸收体材料。垂直腔位于面向每个突起的芯的正面的区域中的芯附近。通过位于核心上方并被引入垂直腔中的储存器提供的可倾式吸收体材料以柱形式穿透一堆球形燃料元件，从而吸收中子辐射。

3. 发明授权

US4923670A Roof reflector for a nuclear reactor 失效
标题翻译：核反应堆的屋顶反射器
公开(公告)号：US4923670A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US128442
申请日：1987-12-03
申请人： Claus Elter , Edgar Hornischer , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Claus Elter , Edgar Hornischer , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
IPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C11/06 , G21C15/10
CPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C11/06 , G21C15/10 , Y02E30/36
摘要： A roof reflector comprising at least three individual layers of tapered layer elements combined in the form of vertical columns. Each column rests on a block column of the lateral reflector. Individual elements are secured by wedges and dowels to permit vertical column movements without constraint. The top and bottom layers comprise gas collector spaces communicating with each other by passage openings in the middle layer. In the top and bottom layers are also slot-shaped passage openings leading to an from the collector spaces. Preferably, they are radially offset relative to the passage openings in the middle layer to obtain good gas mixing as it rises through the reflector.Such a roof reflector is useful for avoiding roof reflector element damage if one element is vertically displaced relative to an adjacent element. The roof elements are carefully designed to achieve this end and maintain cover utility.
摘要翻译：一种屋顶反射器，包括以垂直柱的形式组合的至少三个锥形层元件的单独层。每列搁置在横向反射器的块列上。单个元件通过楔形和榫钉固定，以允许垂直柱移动而不受约束。顶层和底层包括通过中间层中的通道开口彼此连通的气体收集器空间。顶层和底层也是从收集空间通向的槽形通道开口。优选地，它们相对于中间层中的通道开口径向偏移，以在通过反射器上升时获得良好的气体混合。如果一个元件相对于相邻元件垂直移位，这种屋顶反射器可用于避免屋顶反射器元件损坏。屋顶元件经过精心设计，以达到此目的，并保持盖板效用。

4. 发明授权

US4830818A Ceramic installations 失效
标题翻译：陶瓷装置
公开(公告)号：US4830818A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US5585
申请日：1987-01-21
申请人： Claus Elter , Edgar Hornischer , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening , Ulrich Weicht
发明人： Claus Elter , Edgar Hornischer , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening , Ulrich Weicht
IPC分类号： G21C5/04 , G21C7/107 , G21C11/06
CPC分类号： G21C5/04 , G21C11/06 , G21C7/107 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/39 , Y10S376/904
摘要： A gas-cooled high temperature reactor having a core filled with spherical fuel elements is provided comprising a graphite side reflector including at least one nose-like projection comprised of a plurality of graphite nose stones stacked one upon the other, said nose stones each including at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity aligned with at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity in adjacent nose stones, said cavity adapted to receive discrete absorber material elements introduced into the reactor core, said nose stones further including at least one vertically aligned continuous gap which extends into said nose stones from a front portion thereof and is aligned with a corresponding continuous gap in adjacent nose stones, communication between said continuous gap and said cavity being prevented, said nose stones also comprising in top and bottom surfaces thereof sealing means which enable adjacent nose stones to be stacked in a manner sufficient to seal said at least one cavity in a gas-tight manner, thus preventing communication between said cavity and said core.
摘要翻译：提供一种具有填充有球形燃料元件的芯的气体冷却式高温反应器，其包括石墨侧反射器，该石墨侧反射器包括至少一个鼻状突起，所述至少一个鼻状突起包括彼此堆叠的多个石墨鼻石块，至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔与相邻鼻梁中的至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔对准，所述腔适于接收引入到反应堆芯中的不连续的吸收体材料元件，所述鼻结石还包括至少一个垂直排列的连续间隙，所述鼻梁从其前部分并与相邻鼻梁中的相应的连续间隙对准，防止所述连续间隙和所述空腔之间的连通，所述鼻石头还包括其顶表面和底表面，其密封装置使得相邻的鼻石头以足以密封所述室的方式堆叠以一个气密的方式延伸一个空腔，从而防止所述空腔和所述芯之间的连通。

5. 发明授权

US4349507A Drive for an absorber rod of a nuclear reactor 失效
标题翻译：驱动一个核反应堆的吸收杆
公开(公告)号：US4349507A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-14
申请号：US159862
申请日：1980-06-16
申请人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Hermann Schmitt
发明人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Hermann Schmitt
IPC分类号： G21C7/16
CPC分类号： G21C7/16 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39
摘要： The drive for an absorber rod for a nuclear reactor has a drive piston guided in a cylinder combined with the absorber rod forming an absorber unit. In order to compensate the forces exerted by the medium of the pressure vessel on the absorber unit and tending to pressure the absorber rod axially outward, an equalizing surface is arranged in the absorber unit. The equalizing surface is exposed on one side to the medium of the pressure vessel and/or the cooling medium of the absorber rod, so that an equalizing force is acting on the absorber unit. In the event of a failure of the drive medium acting on the drive piston of the absorber unit or during fluctuations and changes of the internal pressure in the pressure vessel, the absorber unit remains in its existing position, i.e. no unintentional withdrawal of the absorber rod from the pressure vessel takes place.
摘要翻译：用于核反应堆的吸收杆的驱动器具有在与吸收器杆组合的气缸中引导的驱动活塞，形成吸收器单元。为了补偿由压力容器的介质施加在吸收器单元上并且倾向于将吸收器杆轴向向外挤压的力，平衡表面设置在吸收器单元中。平衡表面在一侧暴露于压力容器的介质和/或吸收杆的冷却介质，使得均衡力作用在吸收器单元上。在作用在吸收器单元的驱动活塞上的驱动介质发生故障或在压力容器内的内部压力波动和变化的情况下，吸收器单元保持在其现有位置，即，不会意外地将吸收器杆从压力容器发生。

6. 发明授权

US4863672A Absorber rod 失效
标题翻译：吸收杆
公开(公告)号：US4863672A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-05
申请号：US159484
申请日：1988-02-22
申请人： Harald Dorweiler , Claus Elter , Franz Grossert , Hermann Schmitt , Guenter Rohark , Josef Schoening
发明人： Harald Dorweiler , Claus Elter , Franz Grossert , Hermann Schmitt , Guenter Rohark , Josef Schoening
IPC分类号： G21C7/10 , G21C7/107
CPC分类号： G21C7/107 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39 , Y10S294/906 , Y10T403/535
摘要： An absorber rod for nuclear reactors with a pile of spherical fuel elements, which is inserted directly into the pile, in order to affect the prevailing neutron flux by absorber material located in an annular gap between two concentric cylindrical rod elements. The absorber rod has concentric rod elements arranged in pairs, a common rod tip and common connecting pieces. The rod elements are cooled by flow of gas and the inner cylindrical rod element performs the support function, i.e., it absorbs and transmits forces and moments originating in the movements of the rod during insertion and extraction.
摘要翻译：用于具有一堆球形燃料元件的核反应堆的吸收杆，其直接插入桩中，以便通过位于两个同心圆柱形杆元件之间的环形间隙中的吸收材料影响主要的中子通量。吸收杆具有成对布置的同心杆元件，公共杆尖端和公共连接件。杆元件通过气体流动而被冷却，内圆柱形杆元件执行支撑功能，即，其在插入和抽出期间吸收和传递源于杆的移动的力和力矩。

7. 发明授权

US4380085A Angled gas conduit 失效
标题翻译：角度气体导管
公开(公告)号：US4380085A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-12
申请号：US136271
申请日：1980-04-01
申请人： Josef Schoening , Hans-Georg Schwiers , Claus Elter , Wilfried Stracke , Reinhard Mauersberger
发明人： Josef Schoening , Hans-Georg Schwiers , Claus Elter , Wilfried Stracke , Reinhard Mauersberger
IPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C3/56 , F15D1/04
CPC分类号： G21C1/07 , Y02E30/36
摘要： Disclosed is an angled gas conduit for a gas flowing under high pressure and at an elevated temperature which comprises a first conduit part and second conduit part connected at an angle forming an area of deflection for gas flowing within said conduit parts, an apertured plate arranged at an oblique angle within said conduit in the area of deflection, the apertured plate having a plurality of circular passages for directing the flow of gas in the conduit. A mounting arrangement for the apertured plate is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在高压和高温下流动的气体的成角度的气体导管，其包括以形成用于在所述导管部分内流动的气体的偏转区域的角度连接的第一导管部分和第二导管部分，在偏转区域内的所述管道内的倾斜角度，所述多孔板具有用于引导导管中的气体流的多个圆形通道。还公开了一种用于多孔板的安装装置。

8. 发明授权

US4314883A Graphite block having wear zone and load bearing zone for side reflector of high temperature reactor 失效
标题翻译：具有高温反应堆侧反射器耐磨区和承载区的石墨块
公开(公告)号：US4314883A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-09
申请号：US85873
申请日：1979-10-18
申请人： Rolf Fritz , Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Walter Theymann
发明人： Rolf Fritz , Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Walter Theymann
IPC分类号： G21C11/06 , G21C5/08
CPC分类号： G21C11/06 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A plurality of graphite blocks forms a side reflector with an area of each block that allows a certain amount of radiation induced wear in a predefined zone facing the core of the reactor and an area separate from the wear zone for carrying the load bearing function of the side reflector. Most critical is the area of the upper range of the reactor core where radiation induced wear is greatest. The wear is taken into consideration in the design layout of the side reflector in the form of an increment to the thickness of the wall. The load bearing areas of each block provide the load bearing area for the entire side reflector. The side reflector is particularly suitable for high temperature gas-cooled reactors of the pebble bed type.
摘要翻译：多个石墨块形成具有每个块的面积的侧反射器，其允许在面向反应堆的核心的预定区域中的一定量的辐射诱发的磨损和与磨损区分离的区域以承载侧反射器。最关键的是辐射诱导磨损最大的反应堆芯的上限范围。在侧壁反射器的设计布局中以与壁厚的增量的形式考虑磨损。每个块的承载区域为整个侧面反射器提供承载区域。侧反射器特别适用于卵石床型的高温气冷反应堆。

9. 发明授权

US4302293A Gas-cooled high temperature reactor with supporting structure having gas conduits therein 失效
标题翻译：具有支撑结构的气体冷却高温反应器，其中具有气体导管
公开(公告)号：US4302293A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US85379
申请日：1979-10-16
申请人： Claus Elter , Wilfried Stracke , Heinrich Stach , Josef Schoening , Hans G. Schwiers
发明人： Claus Elter , Wilfried Stracke , Heinrich Stach , Josef Schoening , Hans G. Schwiers
IPC分类号： G21C1/07 , G21C5/10 , G21C19/28
CPC分类号： G21C5/10 , G21C1/07 , Y02E30/36
摘要： A gas-cooled high temperature reactor is equipped with a supporting structure for the reactor core having a gas conduit passing through the support structure from a hot gas collecting space beneath the supporting structure. The supporting structure itself rests on a floor plate in a columnar arrangement. The floor plate also rests on support columns and possesses a disk-like center portion indirectly supporting the reactor core and an outer annular portion supporting a lateral thermal shield around the reactor core.
摘要翻译：气冷式高温反应器配备有用于反应堆芯的支撑结构，其具有通过支撑结构从支撑结构下方的热气体收集空间通过的气体导管。支撑结构本身以柱状排列在地板上。底板还靠在支撑柱上，并且具有间接支撑反应堆芯的盘状中心部分和支撑反应堆芯周围的侧向热屏蔽的外部环形部分。

10. 发明授权

US4657732A High temperature reactor with spherical fuel elements 失效
标题翻译：具有球形燃料元件的高温反应堆
公开(公告)号：US4657732A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US687963
申请日：1984-12-31
申请人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter
发明人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter
IPC分类号： G21C1/24 , G21C1/07 , G21C13/02 , G21C13/073 , G21C13/093 , G21C13/10
CPC分类号： G21C13/093 , G21C13/022 , G21C13/073 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A barrier system for a high temperature reactor. The reactor utilizes spherical fuel elements consisting of coated particles of a fissionable material embedded in a graphite matrix, the coating forming a first safety barrier against the release of fissionable material, and the graphite matrix a second such safety barrier. The reactor is surrounded by a prestressed concrete pressure vessel clad on the inside with a metal liner. The metal liner acts as a third safety barrier, while the concrete body of the prestressed concrete pressure vessel forms the fourth, and outermost safety barrier. A plurality of passages are located in the pressure vessel which are closed off by closure means. The closure means provide sealment between the third and fourth barriers in the area of the passages. By utilizing the concrete pressure vessel as a safety barrier in this manner, the need for a separate protective reactor housing is eliminated.
摘要翻译：高温反应堆的屏障系统。反应器使用由嵌入在石墨基质中的可裂变材料的涂覆颗粒组成的球形燃料元件，涂层形成抵抗可裂变材料释放的第一安全屏障，石墨基质是第二个这样的安全屏障。反应器被包裹在内部的金属衬里的预应力混凝土压力容器包围。金属衬套作为第三安全屏障，而预应力混凝土压力容器的混凝土体形成第四个和最外面的安全栅。多个通道位于通过关闭装置封闭的压力容器中。封闭装置提供通道区域中的第三和第四屏障之间的密封。通过以这种方式利用混凝土压力容器作为安全屏障，消除了对单独的保护性反应器壳体的需要。

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