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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Sensor device for capacitively ascertaining distance
    • 用于电容确定距离的传感器装置
    • US08659407B2
    • 2014-02-25
    • US12733733
    • 2008-09-11
    • Rudolf MerkelUwe Zimmermann
    • Rudolf MerkelUwe Zimmermann
    • B60Q1/00G08B21/00G08B13/00G01R27/26
    • G01B7/023
    • A sensor unit, in particular a sensor unit in or on a vehicle, for capacitively ascertaining the distance between the sensor device and an object, having an electrode for forming a capacitive system with the object and an apparatus for creating a signal proportional to the capacitance of the capacitive system. The sensor unit has a reference electrode for forming a capacitive reference system with the object, an additional apparatus for creating a reference signal proportional to the capacitance of the capacitive reference system, and an analyzer device for ascertaining the distance by forming a ratio of the signal and the reference signal, the reference electrodes having an electrode shape, which is different from the electrode shape of the electrode.
    • 传感器单元,特别是车辆中或车辆上的传感器单元,用于电容地确定传感器装置和物体之间的距离,具有用于与物体形成电容系统的电极和用于产生与电容成比例的信号的装置 的电容系统。 传感器单元具有用于形成与该物体的电容参考系统的参考电极,用于产生与电容参考系统的电容成比例的参考信号的附加装置,以及用于通过形成信号比率来确定距离的分析器装置 和参考信号,参考电极具有与电极的电极形状不同的电极形状。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method for determining the differences between non-uniform cylinder
torque moments in an internal combustion engine and application of the
method
    • 用于确定内燃机中不均匀气缸扭矩之间的差异的方法和方法的应用
    • US5709192A
    • 1998-01-20
    • US712589
    • 1996-09-13
    • Uwe Zimmermann
    • Uwe Zimmermann
    • F02D41/00F02D41/14F02D41/36G01M15/04G01P3/46F02D41/04F02D41/32
    • G01P3/46F02D41/0087F02D41/1498G01M15/046F02D2200/1015
    • Relative differences between cylinder torque moments are individually determined for each cylinder in a multicylinder internal combustion engine in which individual cylinders may be switched off. The torque moment differences are ascertained indirectly when the engine is subject to inner and outer resistance moments and to the inertia moments of all masses to be accelerated. Under these conditions the crankshaft r.p.m. is measured and the r.p.m. signal is split into components for the individual cylinders by applying the superposition principle of linear systems. The first r.p.m. is determined when all cylinders work. The second r.p.m. is determined with all cylinders but one working and the second r.p.m. is deducted from the first r.p.m. Gradually one cylinder after the other is switched off and the respective differences in the r.p.m. are ascertained. These r.p.m. differences are allocated to the ignition compression and are compared with a difference r.p.m. of a reference cylinder. This comparing provides a torque difference for each cylinder relative to the reference cylinder. The results are then treated statistically, for example by the least square method to determine numerical values which are converted into closed loop control signals for controlling injection fuel quantities for each cylinder so that each cylinder will contribute the same moment component to the total torque moment of the engine.
    • 在单缸内燃机中,每个汽缸可分别确定缸体扭矩之间的相对差异,其中可以关闭各个汽缸。 当发动机受到内外阻力矩和所有质量的惯性力矩加速时,间接确定扭矩差。 在这些条件下,曲轴转速 测量和r.p.m. 通过应用线性系统的叠加原理,信号被分成用于各个气缸的部件。 第一个r.p.m. 在所有气缸工作时确定。 第二个r.p.m. 由所有气瓶确定,但一个工作,第二个r.p.m。 从第一个r.p.m.中扣除 另一个之后逐渐关闭一个气缸,并在r.p.m. 被确定。 这些r.p.m. 将差异分配给点火压缩并与差异r.p.m进行比较。 的参考柱。 该比较提供了每个气缸相对于参考气缸的扭矩差。 然后对结果进行统计学处理,例如通过最小二乘法确定转换成闭环控制信号的数值,以控制每个气缸的喷射燃料量,以使每个气缸都能将相同的力矩分量贡献给总转矩矩 引擎。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Robot and method for monitoring the torque on such a robot
    • 用于监测这种机器人的转矩的机器人和方法
    • US08649906B2
    • 2014-02-11
    • US12809837
    • 2008-12-11
    • Rainer BischoffEugen HeinzeRalf KoeppeJohannes KurthGunter SchreiberUwe Zimmermann
    • Rainer BischoffEugen HeinzeRalf KoeppeJohannes KurthGunter SchreiberUwe Zimmermann
    • B25J9/04
    • B25J19/06B25J13/085G01L3/108
    • In order to increase the safety of a robot that may come into contact with other robots, objects or humans, the invention provides that said robot comprises at least two joints and parts that are moveable in relation to each other via at least one joint. At least one sensor (31) is arranged on at least one moveable part (3, 4, 5′, 6, 7), detecting torque. Sensor components (21′, 22.1, 22.2) of the sensor (31) are designed for the redundant detection of a torque, or for the redundant detection of a torque of at least two sensors (31) are provided, and redundant evaluation units are provided for the redundant evaluation. In order to increase safety, the invention further provides a method for monitoring torque on a robot of said kind, wherein at least a torque on at least one movable part (3, 4, 5′, 6, 7) is redundantly detected and redundantly evaluated on at least one moveable part (3, 4, 5′, 6, 7) by means of two sensor components of a sensor (31) or by means of two sensors (31).
    • 为了增加可能与其他机器人,物体或人接触的机器人的安全性,本发明提供了所述机器人包括至少两个接头和可经由至少一个接头相对于彼此移动的部件。 至少一个传感器(31)布置在至少一个可移动部件(3,4,5',6,7)上,检测扭矩。 传感器(31)的传感器部件(21',22.1,22.2)被设计用于扭矩的冗余检测,或用于至少两个传感器(31)的扭矩的冗余检测,冗余评估单元 提供冗余评估。 为了增加安全性,本发明还提供了一种用于监视所述类型的机器人的扭矩的方法,其中至少一个可移动部分(3,4,5',6,7)上的至少一个扭矩被冗余地检测和冗余 通过传感器(31)的两个传感器部件或借助于两个传感器(31)在至少一个可移动部分(3,4,5',6,7)上进行评估。