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1. 发明授权

US5539225A Accelerator-based methods and apparatus for measurement-while-drilling 失效
标题翻译：基于加速器的钻井测量方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5539225A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US307894
申请日：1994-09-16
申请人： William A. Loomis , Kenneth E. Stephenson , Jerome A. Truax , Wolfgang P. Ziegler , S. Zema Chowdhuri , Benoit Couet , Michael L. Evans , Paul Albats , Bradley A. Roscoe , Jacques M. Holenka , Keith A. Moriarty , William R. Sloan
发明人： William A. Loomis , Kenneth E. Stephenson , Jerome A. Truax , Wolfgang P. Ziegler , S. Zema Chowdhuri , Benoit Couet , Michael L. Evans , Paul Albats , Bradley A. Roscoe , Jacques M. Holenka , Keith A. Moriarty , William R. Sloan
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/104 , G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Measurement-while-drilling apparatus includes a 14 MeV neutron accelerator, a near-spaced neutron detector which primarily senses source neutrons and whose output is proportional to source strength, one or more intermediately-spaced epithermal neutron detectors eccentered against the drill collar wall and primarily responsive to formation hydrogen concentration, and a third far-spaced radiation detector, either gamma ray or neutron, primarily responsive to formation density. The intermediately-spaced and far-spaced detector outputs, normalized by the near-spaced detector output, are combined to provide measurements of porosity, density and lithology and to detect gas. A thermal neutron detector and/or a gamma ray detector may also be provided at intermediate spacings to provide additional information of interest, such as standoff measurements and spectral analysis of formation composition. Tool outputs are related to the angular or azimuthal orientation of the measurement apparatus in the borehole.
摘要翻译：测量同时钻探装置包括14MeV中子加速器，近距离中子探测器，其主要感测源中子并且其输出与源强度成比例，一个或多个间隔开的超热中子检测器偏心于钻铤壁，主要响应于地层氢浓度，以及第三远距离辐射探测器，伽马射线或中子，主要响应地层密度。通过近距离检测器输出归一化的中间间隔和远距离的检测器输出被组合以提供孔隙度，密度和岩性的测量并检测气体。还可以以中间间隔提供热中子检测器和/或γ射线检测器以提供感兴趣的附加信息，例如间隔测量和地层组成的光谱分析。刀具输出与钻孔中测量装置的角度或方位角方向有关。

2. 发明授权

US5086224A Analysis of nuclear data for determining characteristics of earth formations traversed by a borehole 失效
标题翻译：用于确定钻孔穿过的地层地层特征的核数据分析
公开(公告)号：US5086224A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US612345
申请日：1990-11-13
申请人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Michael L. Evans
发明人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Michael L. Evans
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/104 , G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： A method for the determination of petrophysical characteristics of earth formation surrounding a borehole, comprising detecting gamma rays or neutrons representative of the formations and forming therefrom a set of detected data "U" which is then expressed as a function of the unknown characteristics "Y", and of a set of response data "S", representative of the conditions under which the detecting step is performed; and wherein "Y" is expressed as r=R Y, where "r" represents prior information independent from the detected data and obtained from other sources, and "R" indicates a set of relationships between at least part of the unknown characteristics. The detected data and response data are e.g. in the form of spectra, and the method may further include irradiating the formation with neutrons or gama rays.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定围绕钻孔的地球岩石的岩石物理特性的方法，包括检测表示地层的伽马射线或中子，并形成一组检测数据“U”，然后将其表示为未知特性“Y”的函数，以及一组响应数据“S”，代表执行检测步骤的条件; 并且其中“Y”表示为r = R Y，其中“r”表示独立于检测到的数据并从其他来源获得的先验信息，“R”表示至少部分未知特性之间的一组关系。检测到的数据和响应数据是例如。以光谱的形式，并且该方法还可以包括用中子或伽玛射线照射地层。

3. 再颁专利

USRE36012E Accelerator-based methods and apparatus for measurement-while-drilling 失效
公开(公告)号：USRE36012E
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US710997
申请日：1996-09-25
申请人： William A. Loomis , Kenneth E. Stephenson , Jerome A. Truax , Wolfgang P. Ziegler , S. Zema Chowdhuri , Benoit Couet , Michael L. Evans , Paul Albats , Bradley A. Roscoe , Jacques M. Holenka , Keith A. Moriarty , William R. Sloan
发明人： William A. Loomis , Kenneth E. Stephenson , Jerome A. Truax , Wolfgang P. Ziegler , S. Zema Chowdhuri , Benoit Couet , Michael L. Evans , Paul Albats , Bradley A. Roscoe , Jacques M. Holenka , Keith A. Moriarty , William R. Sloan
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/104 , G01V5/101 , G01V5/107
摘要： Measurement-while-drilling apparatus includes a 14 MeV neutron accelerator, a near-spaced neutron detector which primarily senses source neutrons and whose output is proportional to source strength, one or more intermediately-spaced epithermal neutron detectors eccentered against the drill collar wall and primarily responsive to formation hydrogen concentration, and a third far-spaced radiation detector, either gamma ray or neutron, primarily responsive to formation density. The intermediately-spaced and far-spaced detector outputs, normalized by the near-spaced detector output, are combined to provide measurements of porosity, density and lithology and to detect gas. A thermal neutron detector and/or a gamma ray detector may also be provided at intermediate spacings to provide additional information of interest, such as standoff measurements and spectral analysis of formation composition. Tool outputs are related to the angular or azimuthal orientation of the measurement apparatus in the borehole.

4. 发明申请

US20110260044A1 NEUTRON POROSITY DOWNHOLE TOOL WITH IMPROVED PRECISION AND REDUCED LITHOLOGY EFFECTS 有权
标题翻译：具有改进的精度和减少的岩石效应的中子孔隙钻孔工具
公开(公告)号：US20110260044A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-27
申请号：US12764814
申请日：2010-04-21
申请人： Peter Wraight , James Thornton , Bradley A. Roscoe
发明人： Peter Wraight , James Thornton , Bradley A. Roscoe
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G12B13/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/107
摘要： Systems and methods for neutron porosity well logging with high precision and reduced lithology effects are provided. In accordance with an embodiment, a downhole neutron porosity tool may include a neutron source, a neutron monitor, a neutron detector, and data processing circuitry. The neutron source may emit neutrons into a subterranean formation while the neutron monitor detects a count of neutrons proportional to the neutrons emitted. The neutron detector may detect a count of neutrons that scatters off the subterranean formation. The data processing circuitry may determine an environmentally corrected porosity of the subterranean formation based at least in part on the count rate of neutrons scattered off the subterranean formation normalized to the count rate of neutrons proportional to the neutrons emitted by the neutron source.
摘要翻译：提供了具有高精度和降低岩性效应的中子孔隙测井的系统和方法。根据实施例，井下中子孔隙度工具可以包括中子源，中子监测器，中子检测器和数据处理电路。中子源可以将中子发射到地下地层，而中子监测器检测到与发射的中子成比例的中子数。中子探测器可以检测到离开地下地层的中子数量。数据处理电路可以至少部分地基于从地下地层散射的中子的计数率归一化为与中子发射的中子成比例的中子的计数率，来确定地下地层的环境校正的孔隙度。

5. 发明授权

US5521378A Method and apparatus for gamma ray logging of underground formations 失效
标题翻译：地下地层伽马射线测井的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5521378A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-28
申请号：US382458
申请日：1995-02-01
申请人： Bradley A. Roscoe , James A. Grau , Christian Stoller
发明人： Bradley A. Roscoe , James A. Grau , Christian Stoller
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： A method for determining the porosity of an underground formation includes the steps of irradiating the formation with neutrons, detecting and measuring gamma rays resulting from irradiation of the formation, discriminating between gamma rays from the formation and gamma rays from the tool, and using a measurement of the gamma rays from the tool to determine the formation porosity. A suitable logging tool includes a neutron source, a gamma ray detector, means for discriminating between gamma rays from the formation and gamma rays from the tool, and means for relating the gamma rays from the tool to the formation porosity.
摘要翻译：用于确定地下地层孔隙度的方法包括以下步骤：用中子照射地层，检测和测量由地层照射产生的伽马射线，区分来自地层的伽马射线和来自工具的伽马射线，以及使用测量的γ射线从工具确定地层孔隙度。合适的测井工具包括中子源，伽马射线探测器，用于区分来自地层的伽马射线和来自工具的伽马射线的装置，以及用于将来自工具的伽马射线与地层孔隙相关联的装置。

6. 发明授权

US5097123A Broad energy spectra neutron source for logging and method 失效
标题翻译：用于测井和方法的宽能谱中子源
公开(公告)号：US5097123A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US683402
申请日：1991-04-10
申请人： James A. Grau , Bradley A. Roscoe
发明人： James A. Grau , Bradley A. Roscoe
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： Logging method and tool string for identifying and determining the concentrations of subsurface formation elements next to a borehole, by (i) using a broad energy spectra neutron source (such as a chemical source, like AmBe), and (ii) detecting and counting the delayed gamma rays resulting from the activation by the neutrons of atoms of least one element of interest (e.g. aluminum). Two gamma ray detectors may also be disposed on either side of the broad energy spectra neutron source, for detecting and counting the prompt gamma rays resulting from the capture of neutrons by atoms of elements, such as Si, Ca, Fe, S, H, or Cl, Gd, Ti, or K.The broad energy spectra neutron source is used for both the "activation" and the "capture" measurements. The tool string may also include a natural gamma ray tool for the determination of uranium, thorium and potassium, and for measuring the background to be subtracted from the gross Al activation measurement.
摘要翻译：记录方法和工具串，用于通过（i）使用宽能谱中子源（例如化学来源，如AmBe）来识别和确定钻孔旁边的地下构造元素的浓度，以及（ii）检测和计数由至少一个感兴趣的元素的原子的中子（例如铝）激活产生的延迟的伽马射线。两个伽马射线探测器也可以设置在宽能谱中子源的任一侧上，用于检测和计数由诸如Si，Ca，Fe，S，H等元素的原子捕获中子产生的迅速伽马射线，或Cl，Gd，Ti或K.宽能谱中子源用于“激活”和“捕获”测量两者。工具串还可以包括用于确定铀，钍和钾的自然伽马射线工具，并且用于测量从总的Al激活测量中减去的背景。

7. 发明申请

US20090057545A1 Downhole Tools with Solid-State Neutron Monitors 有权
标题翻译：固态中子监测器的井下工具
公开(公告)号：US20090057545A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-05
申请号：US11848473
申请日：2007-08-31
申请人： Richard Saenger , Bradley A. Roscoe , Zilu Zhou , Christian Stoller
发明人： Richard Saenger , Bradley A. Roscoe , Zilu Zhou , Christian Stoller
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01T3/08 , G01V5/04
摘要： A nuclear tool includes a tool housing; a neutron generator disposed in the tool housing; and a solid-state neutron monitor disposed proximate the neutron generator for monitoring the output of the neutron generator. A method for constructing a nuclear tool includes disposing a neutron generator in a tool housing; and disposing a solid-state neutron monitor proximate the neutron generator for monitoring the output of the neutron generator. A method for logging a formation includes disposing a nuclear tool in a wellbore penetrating the formation, wherein the nuclear tool comprises a neutron generator and a solid-state neutron monitor disposed proximate the neutron generator; generating neutrons from the neutron generator; monitoring neutrons generated by the neutron generator using the solid-state neutron monitor; detecting signals generated from the neutrons traveling in the formation; and correcting the detected signals, based on signal strength detected by the solid-state neutron monitor, to produce corrected signals.
摘要翻译：核工具包括工具外壳; 设置在工具壳体中的中子发生器; 以及靠近中子发生器设置的用于监测中子发生器的输出的固态中子监视器。一种用于构造核工具的方法包括将中子发生器设置在工具壳体中; 并在中子发生器附近设置一个固态中子监测器，用于监测中子发生器的输出。记录地层的方法包括将核工具放置在穿透地层的井眼中，其中所述核工具包括中子发生器和靠近中子发生器设置的固态中子监测器; 从中子发生器产生中子; 使用固态中子监测器监测由中子发生器产生的中子; 检测从地层中行进的中子产生的信号; 并且基于由固态中子监视器检测的信号强度来校正检测信号，以产生校正信号。

8. 发明申请

US20080121817A1 LuAP Scintillator 有权
公开(公告)号：US20080121817A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11563359
申请日：2006-11-27
申请人： Arthur J. Becker , Yanqi Wang , Bradley A. Roscoe , John Simonetti
发明人： Arthur J. Becker , Yanqi Wang , Bradley A. Roscoe , John Simonetti
IPC分类号： G01T1/202 , C30B15/14
CPC分类号： G01T1/202
摘要： An LuAP scintillation detector and a method for improving the light output and uniformity of an LuAP scintillator crystal is provided, wherein the method includes disposing the scintillator crystal in a predetermined environment at a threshold temperature to generate an initial scintillator crystal, annealing the initial scintillator crystal in the predetermined environment at the threshold temperature to create an annealed scintillator crystal and cooling the annealed scintillator crystal in the predetermined environment to a final temperature.
摘要翻译：提供LuAP闪烁检测器和用于提高LuAP闪烁体晶体的光输出和均匀性的方法，其中所述方法包括将闪烁体晶体设置在阈值温度下的预定环境中以产生初始闪烁体晶体，退火初始闪烁体晶体在预定环境中在阈值温度下产生退火的闪烁体晶体，并将预定环境中退火的闪烁体晶体冷却至最终温度。

9. 发明授权

US5543617A Method of measuring flow velocities using tracer techniques 失效
标题翻译：使用示踪技术测量流速的方法
公开(公告)号：US5543617A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-06
申请号：US266077
申请日：1994-06-27
申请人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Jeffrey S. Schweitzer , Kenneth E. Stephenson
发明人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Jeffrey S. Schweitzer , Kenneth E. Stephenson
IPC分类号： E21B47/10 , G01F1/708 , G01V5/04
CPC分类号： E21B47/1015 , G01F1/708
摘要： A method of measuring flow velocities in flowing fluids includes injecting into the flow a non-radioactive tracer having a neutron capture cross section higher than that of the flowing fluids, for example a gadolinium compound, and measuring the neutron capture cross section in the fluid downstream of the injection point to detect the passage of the tracer and hence determine the time of flight. By making the tracer miscible with only one phase (typically the continuous phase) of a multi-phase fluid, it is possible to measure the flow velocity of that phase. The neutron capture cross section can be measured by irradiating with neutrons from a pulsed neutron generator and measuring capture .gamma. rays with a scintillation detector.
摘要翻译：测量流动流体中的流速的方法包括向流中注入具有高于流动流体例如钆化合物的中子捕获截面的非放射性示踪剂，并测量下游流体中的中子俘获截面的注射点，以检测示踪物的通过，从而确定飞行时间。通过使示踪剂仅与多相流体的一相（通常为连续相）混溶，可以测量该相的流速。中子捕获截面可以通过用来自脉冲中子发生器的中子照射并用闪烁检测器测量捕获γ射线来测量。

10. 发明授权

US5369578A Method and apparatus for using non-linear spectral fitting procedures on gamma-ray spectral data 失效
标题翻译：在伽马射线谱数据上使用非线性光谱拟合程序的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5369578A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US64622
申请日：1993-05-20
申请人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Christian Stoller
发明人： Bradley A. Roscoe , Christian Stoller
IPC分类号： G01V5/06 , G01V5/10 , G06F15/21
CPC分类号： G01V5/101 , G01V5/06
摘要： A method and an apparatus for decomposing a gamma spectrum representative of an unknown material for determining the contribution of each constituent postulated to constitute the material, wherein an energy spectrum of the gamma rays issued from the material is formed, as well as a composite spectrum made up of individual standard spectra of the postulated constituents and comprising elemental yields being representative of the proportion of the corresponding constituents; the best fit between the measured spectrum and the composite spectrum is determined by modifying simultaneously at least one elemental yield and at least one parameter representative of the conditions under which the measured spectrum and the composite spectrum have been obtained. The best fit may be based on any non linear least squares search for a global minimum of X.sup.2 =(S Y-U).sup.T W(S Y-U), where "U" is a matrix representing the measured spectrum, "S" is a matrix representing the composite spectrum, "Y" is a matrix representative of the elemental yields and "W" is a weight matrix. The non linear fitting method used may be e.g. a gradient search or the Marquardt method.
摘要翻译：一种用于分解表示未知材料的伽马光谱的方法和装置，用于确定假定构成材料的每个组成部分的贡献，其中形成从材料发出的伽马射线的能谱以及形成的复合光谱假定的成分的单个标准光谱的单位，并且包括代表相应成分的比例的元素产率; 测量光谱和复合光谱之间的最佳拟合通过同时修改至少一个元素产量和至少一个代表所获得的测量光谱和复合光谱条件的参数来确定。最佳拟合可以基于任何非线性最小二乘搜索全局最小值X2 =（S YU）TW（S YU），其中“U”是表示测量光谱的矩阵，“S”是表示复合光谱，“Y”是表示元素产量的矩阵，“W”是权重矩阵。所使用的非线性拟合方法可以是例如。梯度搜索或Marquardt方法。

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