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1. 发明授权

US4750946A Method for connecting superalloy components 失效
标题翻译：连接超合金部件的方法
公开(公告)号：US4750946A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US828522
申请日：1986-02-12
申请人： Bernd Jahnke , Gernot Gessinger , Hans Rydstad , Robert Singer
发明人： Bernd Jahnke , Gernot Gessinger , Hans Rydstad , Robert Singer
IPC分类号： B23K20/00 , B23K20/02 , B23K20/233 , B23K20/24 , C22F1/10
CPC分类号： B23K20/02 , B23K20/233 , B23K20/24
摘要： Components (5) in a superalloy, in particular a dispersion hardened nickel based alloy, are connected together by pressure bonding in the solid condition with the greatest possible limitation of the overall deformation of the complete components (5) by lateral restraint (7), the actual bonding zone (6) having short-term intensive dynamic plastic flow imposed on it and, taking account of the deformation temperature, the local deformation rate .epsilon..sub.l and the local deformation .epsilon..sub.l referred to the bonding zone (6) are matched together in such a way that the driving force during the subsequent heat treatment of the complete workpiece above the recrystallization temperature is sufficient to force the formation of coarse grain under all conditions. It can then be assumed that, in general, the expression ##EQU1## h.sub.o =height of the bonding zone (6) before connection, h.sub.f =height of the bonding zone (6) after connection,D.sub.Ni =the temperature dependent diffusion coefficient of Ni,is within the limits 10 and 20. The nickel based superalloys of principal interest should be connected in a maximum total bonding time of 20 s, the average value of .epsilon..sub.l being at least 0.02 s.sup.-1 and .epsilon..sub.l being at least 0.1.
摘要翻译：高温合金（特别是分散硬化的镍基合金）中的组分（5）通过在固体状态下的压力粘合而连接在一起，同时通过横向约束（7）可以最大程度地限制整个组件（5）的整体变形，实际粘结区域（6）在其上施加有短期强烈的动态塑性流动，并且考虑到变形温度，将局部变形率ε1和参考粘合区域（6）的局部变形ε1相匹配使得在整个工件的后续热处理中的驱动力高于再结晶温度足以在所有条件下强制形成粗晶粒。然后，可以假设，通常，连接之前的键合区（6）的高度（h）=连接区（6）之后的表达式log（ε1DNi-1m2）其中< ，DNi = Ni的温度依赖扩散系数在10和20的范围内。主要感兴趣的镍基超级合金应连接在20s的最大总结合时间内，ε1的平均值至少为0.02s -1和ε1至少为0.1。

2. 发明授权

US4612062A Process for producing a fine-grained workpiece from a nickel-based superalloy 失效
标题翻译：从镍基超级合金制造细粒工件的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4612062A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-16
申请号：US655551
申请日：1984-09-28
申请人： Mohamed Y. Nazmy , Hans Rydstad , Gunther Schroder , Robert Singer
发明人： Mohamed Y. Nazmy , Hans Rydstad , Gunther Schroder , Robert Singer
IPC分类号： C22C19/05 , B21J5/02 , C22F1/00 , C22F1/10
CPC分类号： C22F1/10
摘要： A fine-grained workpiece having improved mechanical properties is produced from a nickel-based superalloy by two-part forging, a blank being converted, in a first isothermal hot-forming step (curve b) above the solution-annealing temperature for the .gamma.'-phase (line a), into an intermediate form and the latter then being finally forged to give the end form in a second isothermal hot-forming step (curve c) just below the solution-annealing temperature for the .gamma.'-phase. For the first step, a degree of deformation .epsilon. of of at least 0.7 at a mean deformation rate .epsilon. of about 10.times.10.sup.-3 s.sup.-1 is required here. The second step is carried out at deformation rates .epsilon. which are one to two powers of 10 lower than those of the first step.
摘要翻译：具有改善的机械性能的细晶粒工件通过两部分锻造（坯料转化）由镍基超级合金制成，在第一等温热成形步骤（曲线b）中高于γ'的溶液退火温度，相（线a）成为中间形式，然后将其最后锻造成在刚好低于γ'相的溶液 - 退火温度的第二等温热成型步骤（曲线c）中得到最终形式。对于第一步骤，需要在约10×10 -3 s -1的平均形变速率ε下至少为0.7的变形度ε。第二步以与第一步相比低一到二倍的幂的倍数进行。

3. 发明授权

US4722469A Process for connecting components made of a dispersion-hardened superalloy using the pressure-bonding method 失效
标题翻译：使用压接方法连接由分散硬化的超级合金制成的部件的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4722469A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US868058
申请日：1986-05-29
申请人： Hans Rydstad , Robert Singer
发明人： Hans Rydstad , Robert Singer
IPC分类号： B23K20/00 , B23K20/14 , B23K20/233 , B23K20/24 , C22F1/10
CPC分类号： C22F1/10 , B23K20/14 , B23K20/233 , B23K20/24
摘要： Components made of a dispersion-hardened superalloy are connected together by pressure bonding, the individual parts previously processed at their bonding surfaces only by milling, without fine machining such as grinding, electro-polishing, etc., being subjected before bonding to a heat treatment in the temperature range of between 60.degree. C. and 210.degree. C. below the recrystallization temperature for the purpose of reducing the driving force. During the subsequent coarse-grain heat treatment of the bonded workpiece, no sort of fine crystalline banding occurs in the bonding zone and the strength of the workpiece corresponds to that of the material before bonding.
摘要翻译：由分散硬化的超级合金制成的部件通过压力连接在一起，各个部件在其接合表面上仅通过研磨加工而不进行精加工如研磨，电抛光等，在接合之前进行热处理在低于再结晶温度的60℃至210℃的温度范围内，以减少驱动力。在接合工件的随后的粗粒热处理期间，在接合区域中不会发生微细的结晶带，并且工件的强度对应于接合前的材料的强度。

4. 发明授权

US4909859A Process for increasing the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of a component made of a dispersion strengthened superalloy by a surface treatment 失效
标题翻译：通过表面处理提高由分散强化的超级合金制成的部件的抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性的方法
公开(公告)号：US4909859A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US832899
申请日：1986-02-26
申请人： Mohamed Nazmy , Hans Rydstad
发明人： Mohamed Nazmy , Hans Rydstad
IPC分类号： C22F1/00 , C22F1/10 , C22F3/00
CPC分类号： C22F3/00 , C22F1/00 , C22F1/10 , Y10S148/903
摘要： A process for increasing the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of a component made of a dispersion strengthened superalloy by means of a surface treatment, the object of which in every case is to produce or retain a fine-grained surface zone (5) while the core zone (4) of the component in all circumstances is forced to form coarse grains during the final recrystallization annealing in the temperature range between the recrystallization temperature and the solidus temperature. A fine-grained surface zone (5) is produced by cold-working the surface zone (3, 5) by shot-peening, surface milling or pressing or by heating the surface zone (7) to a temperature about 100.degree. to 140.degree. C. below the recrystallization temperature by means of a laser (9) or an arc (10) while the core zone is kept at less than 900.degree. C., or by application of a 10 to 50 .mu.m thick nickel layer onto the surface followed by diffusion of the nickel into the surface zone (nickel-rich surface layer 14) of the component at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature. In each case, recrystallization annealing in order to establish coarse grains in the core zone (4) is finally carried out.
摘要翻译：通过表面处理提高由分散强化的超级合金制成的部件的抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性的方法，其目的是在每种情况下生产或保留细粒表面区（5），同时芯在所有情况下，在再结晶温度和固相线温度之间的温度范围内，在最终再结晶退火过程中，所有情况下的区域（4）都被迫形成粗晶粒。通过喷丸硬化，表面研磨或压制或将表面区域（7）加热至约100°至140°的温度，对表面区域（3,5）进行冷加工，制备细粒表面区域（5）在芯区保持在900℃以下，或者通过在表面上施加10至50μm厚的镍层，通过激光（9）或电弧（10）在低于再结晶温度下随后在低于再结晶温度的温度下将镍扩散到组分的表面区域（富镍表面层14）中。在每种情况下，最终进行为了在芯区（4）中形成粗晶的再结晶退火。

5. 发明授权

US4601186A Process and apparatus for achieving narrow workpiece tolerances in drop-forging, especially in isothermal forging 失效
标题翻译：用于在锻造中实现窄工件公差的工艺和设备，特别是在等温锻造中
公开(公告)号：US4601186A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US701519
申请日：1985-02-14
申请人： Roland Kunzli , Hans Rydstad
发明人： Roland Kunzli , Hans Rydstad
IPC分类号： B21J5/00 , B21J13/00 , B21J13/02 , B21K31/00
CPC分类号： B21K31/00 , B21J13/00 , B21J5/00
摘要： A process and apparatus for achieving narrow workpiece tolerances in isothermal drop-forging, the relative movement of the two die halves (1, 2) in an xy plane perpendicular to the pressing direction z being measured and monitored by means of an optical measuring device (10, 11, 12, 14) or mechanical measuring device (14, 15, 16) and being corrected by means of a mechanical adjusting device (6, 17, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26) for one die half (2). A first workpiece is forged, and the divergence from the nominal value is measured, with the die halves (1, 2) closed, the die halves (1, 2) are opened, the first workpiece is removed, the position of one die half (2) is corrected, and a new workpiece is introduced and forged completely, without the workpiece having to be cooled and remeasured and without the die having to be cooled and reheated.
摘要翻译：一种用于在等温液压锻造中实现窄工件公差的方法和装置，通过光学测量装置（...）测量和监测两个半模（1,2）在垂直于按压方向z的xy平面中的相对运动 10,11,12,14）或机械测量装置（14,15,16），并通过机械调节装置（6,17,21,23,24,25,26）进行校正，用于一个半模（2 ）。锻造第一个工件，并且测量与标称值的偏差，半模（1,2）闭合，半模（1,2）打开，第一个工件被移除，一个半模的位置（2）被校正，并且新的工件被完全引入和锻造，而不需要冷却和重新测量工件，并且不需要将模具冷却和再加热。

6. 发明授权

US4399618A Method of sealing a fluidized bed and device for carrying out the method 失效
标题翻译：密封流化床的方法及其实施方法
公开(公告)号：US4399618A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US306918
申请日：1981-09-28
申请人： Hans Rydstad
发明人： Hans Rydstad
IPC分类号： B01J8/36 , B01J8/26 , B05B1/08 , B60R1/02 , C21D1/53 , F15C1/22 , F27B15/02 , F26B3/08
CPC分类号： F27B15/02 , B01J8/26 , C21D1/53
摘要： A method and a device, FIG. 1, for sealing an opening (15, 8, 10) between two zones in a fluidized bed and/or between the bed and its surrounding (22). In the bed particles (2) are intended to be maintained suspended by means of a carrier gas, which is introduced in the bottom (3) of the bed below the level of aid opening (15, 8, 10). Through said opening (15, 8, 10) primarily workpieces (66) intended to be treated in the bed are intended to pass, which opening (15, 8, 10) is, for example, a horizontal gap in a vertical partition wall (11, 9) between the zones (12, 13, 14) or between the bed and its surrounding (22). The method according to the invention is characterized in that a heap (19, 27) or several heaps (19, 27) of particles (2), by utilizing the movements of the particles (2) and carrier gas in the bed, are caused to be built up at said opening (15, 8, 10) to such a height that the opening (15, 8, 10) is covered or substantially covered by the heap/heaps (19, 27) of particles (2). Workpieces (6) during their passage through the opening (15, 8, 10), and therewith through the sealing, demolish the heap/heaps (19, 27), whereafter said heap/heaps (19,27) are built up again during and/or after the passage of the workpieces (6).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / SE81 / 00034 Sec。 371日期1981年9月28日 102（e）日期1981年9月28日PCT提交1981年2月3日PCT公布。出版物WO81 / 02258 日期：1981年8月20日。 1，用于密封流化床中和/或床与其周围（22）之间的两个区域之间的开口（15,8,10）。在床中，颗粒（2）旨在通过载气保持悬浮，所述载气被引入床的底部（3），低于辅助开口（15,8,10）的水平面。通过所述开口（15,8,10），主要用于在床中处理的工件（66）旨在通过，该开口（15,8,10）例如是竖直分隔壁中的水平间隙（（12,13,14）之间或床与其周围（22）之间。根据本发明的方法的特征在于，通过利用颗粒（2）和床中的载气的运动，引起颗粒（2）的堆（19,27）或几个堆（19,27）在所述开口（15,8,10）处形成为使得所述开口（15,8,10）被所述颗粒（2）的堆/堆（19,27）覆盖或基本覆盖的高度。工件（6）在其通过开口（15,8,10）期间通过密封，并通过密封拆除堆/堆（19,27），此后堆/堆（19,27）在和/或在工件（6）通过之后。

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