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1. 发明申请

WO0039870A3 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING A LEAK WITHIN A FUEL CELL 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于检测燃料电池中的泄漏的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO0039870A3
公开(公告)日：2000-09-21
申请号：PCT/CA9901213
申请日：1999-12-21
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P , NEBELSIEK RUEDIGER , STUMPER JURGEN
发明人： KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P , NEBELSIEK RUEDIGER , STUMPER JURGEN
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04089 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A method detects fluid leaks within a fuel cell assembly. The method comprises (a) introducing a first supply fluid to a first fluid passage within the fuel cell assembly, wherein the first supply fluid comprises a tracer; (b) introducing a second supply fluid to a second fluid passage within the fuel cell assembly, wherein in the absence of a leak in the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage is fluidly isolated from the first fluid passage; and (c) monitoring a second fluid exhaust stream exiting from the second fluid passage and detecting when a concentration of the tracer is present within the second fluid exhaust stream. A corresponding fuel cell apparatus comprises a fuel cell assembly, a first reactant supply, and second reactant supply, a coolant supply, a tracer supply for adding a tracer to one of the reactants or the coolant fluid stream, and a tracer detector for detecting a concentration of the tracer within an exhaust fluid that is not the fluid to which the tracer is added. The detector emits an output signal when a threshold concentration is detected, or an output signal which is representative of the detected tracer concentration.
摘要翻译：一种方法检测燃料电池组件内的流体泄漏。该方法包括（a）将第一供应流体引入燃料电池组件内的第一流体通道，其中第一供给流体包括示踪剂; （b）将第二供应流体引入燃料电池组件内的第二流体通道，其中在第一流体通道中没有泄漏的情况下，第二流体通道与第一流体通道流体隔离; 和（c）监测从第二流体通道出来的第二流体排出流，并且检测何时在第二流体排出流内存在示踪剂的浓度。相应的燃料电池装置包括燃料电池组件，第一反应物供应源和第二反应物供应源，冷却剂供应源，用于将示踪剂添加到反应物之一或冷却剂流体流中的示踪剂供应源，以及用于检测排气流体内的示踪剂的浓度不是添加示踪剂的流体。当检测到阈值浓度时，检测器发出输出信号，或者表示检测到的示踪剂浓度的输出信号。

2. 发明申请

WO0115255A3 FUEL CELL ANODE STRUCTURES FOR VOLTAGE REVERSAL TOLERANCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料电池阳极结构用于电压反向容差
公开(公告)号：WO0115255A3
公开(公告)日：2001-11-08
申请号：PCT/CA0000969
申请日：2000-08-23
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , KNIGHTS SHANNA D , TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , WAINRIGHT DAVID S
发明人： KNIGHTS SHANNA D , TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , WAINRIGHT DAVID S
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M10/42
CPC分类号： H01M8/04559 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/9075 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/925 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/04582 , H01M8/04671 , H01M8/04902 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1007 , H01M10/4235 , H01M2004/8684 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： In a solid polymer fuel cell series, various circumstances can result in a fuel cell being driven into voltage reversal by other cells in the series stack. For instance, cell voltage reversal can occur if that cell receives an inadequate supply of fuel (for example, fuel starvation). In order to pass current during fuel starvation, reactions other than fuel oxidation may take place at the fuel cell anode, including water electrolysis and oxidation of anode components. The latter may result in significant degradation of the anode. Such fuel cells can be made more tolerant to cell reversal by promoting water electrolysis over anode component oxidation at the anode. This can be accomplished by enhancing the presence of water in the anode catalyst layer through modifications to the anode structure or anode composition near or in the catalyst layer. For instance, water electrolysis during voltage reversal is promoted through the use of different or additional ionomer, polytetrafluoroethylene, or graphite in the anode catalyst layer, or through the use of certain sublayers between the anode catalyst layer and the anode substrate.
摘要翻译：在固体聚合物燃料电池系列中，各种情况可导致燃料电池被串联堆叠中的其他电池驱动成电压反转。例如，如果该电池接收到不足的燃料供应（例如，燃料不足），则可能发生电池电压反转。为了在燃料不足期间通过电流，燃料氧化以外的反应可能发生在燃料电池阳极，包括水电解和阳极组件的氧化。后者可能导致阳极的显着降解。通过在阳极上的阳极组分氧化促进水电解，可以使这种燃料电池更容忍电池逆转。这可以通过在催化剂层附近或催化剂层中改变阳极结构或阳极组合来增强阳极催化剂层中的水的存在来实现。例如，通过在阳极催化剂层中使用不同的或附加的离聚物，聚四氟乙烯或石墨，或通过使用阳极催化剂层和阳极基底之间的某些子层来促进电压反转期间的水电解。

3. 发明申请

WO0115249A3 FUEL CELL ANODE STRUCTURES FOR VOLTAGE REVERSAL TOLERANCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料电池阳极结构电压反向公差
公开(公告)号：WO0115249A3
公开(公告)日：2001-11-08
申请号：PCT/CA0000967
申请日：2000-08-23
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC , TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , RALPH THOMAS R , KNIGHTS SHANNA D
发明人： TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , RALPH THOMAS R , KNIGHTS SHANNA D
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M10/42 , H01M4/62
CPC分类号： H01M8/04559 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/9075 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/925 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/04582 , H01M8/04671 , H01M8/04902 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1007 , H01M10/4235 , H01M2004/8684 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： In a solid polymer fuel cell series, various circumstances can result in a fuel cell being driven into voltage reversal by other cells in the series stack. For instance, cell voltage reversal can occur if that cell receives an inadequate supply of fuel (for example, fuel starvation). In order to pass current during fuel starvation, reactions other than fuel oxidation may take place at the fuel cell anode, including water electrolysis and oxidation of anode components. The latter may result in significant degradation of the anode. Such fuel cells can be made more tolerant to cell reversal by promoting water electrolysis over anode component oxidation at the anode. This can be accomplished by enhancing the presence of water in the anode catalyst layer through modifications to the anode structure or anode composition near or in the catalyst layer. For instance, water electrolysis during voltage reversal is promoted through the use of different or additional ionomer, polytetrafluoroethylene, or graphite in the anode catalyst layer, or through the use of certain sublayers between the anode catalyst layer and the anode substrate.
摘要翻译：在固体聚合物燃料电池系列中，各种情况可导致燃料电池被串联堆中的其他电池驱动为电压反转。例如，如果该电池接收到不充足的燃料供应（例如燃料不足），则可能发生电池电压反转。为了在燃料不足时通过电流，除了燃料氧化之外的反应可以在燃料电池阳极发生，包括水电解和阳极组件的氧化。后者可能导致阳极显着降解。通过在阳极处促进阳极组分氧化的水电解，可以使这种燃料电池更容忍电池反转。这可以通过改进阳极结构或在催化剂层附近或在催化剂层中的阳极组合物来增强阳极催化剂层中水的存在来实现。例如，通过在阳极催化剂层中使用不同的或附加的离聚物，聚四氟乙烯或石墨，或者通过在阳极催化剂层和阳极基材之间使用某些亚层来促进电压反转期间的水电解。

4. 发明申请

WO0115254A3 SUPPORTED CATALYSTS FOR THE ANODE OF A VOLTAGE REVERSAL TOLERANT FUEL CELL 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于电压反转容忍燃料电池阳极的负载催化剂
公开(公告)号：WO0115254A3
公开(公告)日：2001-11-08
申请号：PCT/CA0000968
申请日：2000-08-23
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , KNIGHTS SHANNA D , TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , CAMPBELL STEPHEN A
发明人： KNIGHTS SHANNA D , TAYLOR JARED L , WILKINSON DAVID P , CAMPBELL STEPHEN A
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M10/42
CPC分类号： H01M4/9075 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/925 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1007 , H01M10/4235 , H01M2004/8684 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： In a solid polymer fuel cell series, various circumstances can result in a fuel cell being driven into voltage reversal. For instance, cell voltage reversal can occur if that cell receives an inadequate supply of fuel. In order to pass current, reactions other than fuel oxidation may take place at the fuel cell anode, including water electrolysis and oxidation of anode components. The latter may result in significant degradation of the anode, particularly if the anode employs a carbon black supported catalyst. Such fuel cells can be made more tolerant to cell reversal by using higher catalyst loading or coverage on the anode catalyst support or a more oxidation resistant anode catalyst support, such as a more graphitic carbon or Ti4O7.
摘要翻译：在固体聚合物燃料电池系列中，各种情况会导致燃料电池被驱动为电压反转。例如，如果该电池接收到不充足的燃料供应，则可能发生电池电压反转。为了通过电流，除了燃料氧化之外的反应可以在燃料电池阳极发生，包括水电解和阳极组件的氧化。后者可能导致阳极显着降解，特别是如果阳极使用炭黑载体催化剂。通过在阳极催化剂载体或更耐氧化的阳极催化剂载体如更石墨碳或Ti4O7上使用更高的催化剂负载量或覆盖率，可以使这种燃料电池更容忍电池反转。

5. 发明申请

WO2004091018A3 SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL STACK HAVING SPECIFIC CORROSION RESISTANT CELLS 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有特殊耐腐蚀性细胞的固体聚合物电解质燃料电池堆
公开(公告)号：WO2004091018A3
公开(公告)日：2005-06-09
申请号：PCT/CA2004000504
申请日：2004-04-02
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P
发明人： KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M4/926 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/1007
摘要： A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack having a plurality of fuel cells, wherein at least one cell of the fuel cell stack has a resistance to corrosion that is greater than a significant portion of the other fuel cells of the stack. In one embodiment, the at least one fuel cell of the fuel cell stack that is more resistant to corrosion is one or both end cells of the stack. Also disclosed is a fuel cell system containing such a stack, as well as methods for reducing degradation of the same during operation.
摘要翻译：一种具有多个燃料电池的固体聚合物电解质燃料电池堆，其中所述燃料电池堆的至少一个电池具有大于所述电池堆的其它燃料电池的相当大部分的腐蚀性。在一个实施例中，燃料电池堆的至少一个更耐腐蚀的燃料电池是电池堆的一个或两个端电池。还公开了包含这种堆的燃料电池系统，以及用于在运行期间降低其劣化的方法。

6. 发明申请

WO0115247A2 FUEL CELL ANODE STRUCTURE FOR VOLTAGE REVERSAL TOLERANCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃料电池阳极结构的电压反向公差
公开(公告)号：WO0115247A2
公开(公告)日：2001-03-01
申请号：PCT/CA0000970
申请日：2000-08-23
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC , KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P , CAMPBELL STEPHEN A , TAYLOR JARED L , GASCOYNE JOHN M , RALPH THOMAS R
发明人： KNIGHTS SHANNA D , WILKINSON DAVID P , CAMPBELL STEPHEN A , TAYLOR JARED L , GASCOYNE JOHN M , RALPH THOMAS R
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M10/42 , H01M
CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/9075 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/925 , H01M4/926 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1007 , H01M10/4235 , H01M2004/8684 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： In a solid polymer fuel cell series, various circumstances can result in the fuel cell being driven into voltage reversal. For instance, cell voltage reversal can occur if that cell receives an inadequate supply of fuel (for example, fuel starvation). In order to pass current during fuel starvation, reactions other than fuel oxidation may take place at the fuel cell anode, including water electrolysis and oxidation of anode components. The latter may result in significant degradation of the anode. Such fuel cells can be made more tolerant to cell reversal by promoting water electrolysis over anode component oxidation at the anode. This can be accomplished by incorporating a catalyst composition at the anode to promote the water electrolysis reaction, in addition to the typical anode electrocatalyst for promoting fuel oxidation.
摘要翻译：在固体聚合物燃料电池系列中，各种情况会导致燃料电池被驱动为电压反转。例如，如果该电池接收到不充足的燃料供应（例如燃料不足），则可能发生电池电压反转。为了在燃料不足时通过电流，除了燃料氧化之外的反应可以在燃料电池阳极发生，包括水电解和阳极组件的氧化。后者可能导致阳极显着降解。通过在阳极处促进阳极组分氧化的水电解，可以使这种燃料电池更容忍电池反转。除了用于促进燃料氧化的典型阳极电催化剂之外，这可以通过在阳极加入催化剂组合物来实现以促进水电解反应。

7. 发明公开

EP0671057A4 SOLID POLYMER FUEL CELL SYSTEMS INCORPORATING WATER REMOVAL AT THE ANODE. 失效
标题翻译：与水系统距离阳极固体聚合物电池。
公开(公告)号：EP0671057A4
公开(公告)日：1995-11-29
申请号：EP94900413
申请日：1993-10-28
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , WILKINSON DAVID P , VOSS HENRY H , WATKINS DAVID S , PRATER KEITH
发明人： WILKINSON DAVID P , VOSS HENRY H , WATKINS DAVID S , PRATER KEITH B
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/00 , H01M8/12
CPC分类号： H01M8/04156 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A solid polymer fuel cell electric power generation system (10) removes a substantial portion of water accumulated at the cathode in the outlet fuel stream (18) of the anode. The system permits the operation of a hydrogen/oxygen fuel cell (1) in a dead-ended mode where substantially pure oxygen is employed as the oxidant supply (54) or using low oxygen stoichiometry where a dilute oxidant source, such as oxygen-containing air, is employed as the oxidant supply. The supply system thereby eliminates the need for an oxygen recirculation pump in systems operating on substantially pure oxygen, and substantially reduces the parasitic load to pressurize the oxidant stream in systems operating on dilute oxidant streams.

8. 发明公开

EP0664928A4 LIGHTWEIGHT FUEL CELL MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY WITH INTEGRAL REACTANT FLOW PASSAGES. 失效
标题翻译：安排与累计光燃料电池膜电极由反应物的河流。
公开(公告)号：EP0664928A4
公开(公告)日：1995-11-29
申请号：EP92924099
申请日：1992-10-20
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , WILKINSON DAVID P , VOSS HENRY H , PRATER KEITH
发明人： WILKINSON DAVID P , VOSS HENRY H , PRATER KEITH
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M2/00 , H01M4/86 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/22 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/241 , H01M4/86 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04074 , H01M8/1007 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell is provided for converting a fuel reactant stream and an oxidant reactant stream to a reaction product stream and electrical energy. The fuel cell includes a membrane electrode assembly interposed between two separator layers. The separator layers are formed of thin electrically conductive sheet material which is substantially impermeable to the fuel and oxidant reactant streams. The membrane electrode assembly comprises first and second electrode layers formed of porous electrically conductive sheet material. The electrode layers have a catalyst associated therewith, and an ion exchange membrane is interposed between the first and second electrode layers. The electrode layers include passages, such as the interstitial spaces within the electrode material or grooves formed in the surface of the electrode material, for flowing a reactant stream between an inlet and outlet within the electrode layer. The incorporation of the reactant flow passages within the electrode material permits the use of thin, lightweight separator layers, thus providing higher power-to-volume and power-to-weight ratios than conventional fuel cells having reactant flow passages engraved, milled or molded in the separator plates.
摘要翻译：电化学燃料电池提供了一种用于燃料反应物流和氧化剂转化为反应物流到反应产物流和电能。所述燃料电池包括两个隔板层之间的膜电极组件。隔膜层是薄的形成的导电片材的所有这些基本上不可渗透燃料和氧化剂反应物流。该膜电极组件包括多孔形成的导电片材的第一和第二电极层。电极层具有相关联的有催化剂和离子交换膜，在第一和第二电极层之间。电极层包括通道，：如电极材料内的空隙空间或槽在所述电极材料的表面形成，在电极层内的入口和出口流动的反应物之间的流。电极材料中的反应物流动通道的结合允许使用薄，重量轻隔板层中，从而提供更高的功率 - 体积和功率 - 重量比大于具有反应物流动通道刻，研磨或模制的常规的燃料电池隔板。

9. 发明申请

WO0148843A3 FUEL CELL SEPARATOR PLATE WITH DISCRETE FLUID DISTRIBUTION FEATURES 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有离散流体分布特征的燃料电池分离器板
公开(公告)号：WO0148843A3
公开(公告)日：2001-11-29
申请号：PCT/CA0001490
申请日：2000-12-13
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , WILKINSON DAVID P , VANDERLEEDEN OLEN , DUDLEY JAMES T
发明人： WILKINSON DAVID P , VANDERLEEDEN OLEN , DUDLEY JAMES T
IPC分类号： H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/0263 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0226 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/241
摘要： An electrically conductive, substantially fluid impermeable fuel cell separator plate comprises a substantially planar major surface for facing a fluid permeable fuel cell electrode, a fluid inlet through which a fluid may be directed to the planar major surface, a fluid outlet through which fluid may be removed from the planar major surface, and at least one discrete fluid distribution feature, such as a channel, formed in the planar major surface. Within the thickness of the plate, the fluid distribution feature is fluidly isolated from the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, such that in a fuel cell assembly the reactant fluid must pass through the adjacent fluid permeable electrode to travel between the discrete fluid distribution feature and each of the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet.
摘要翻译：导电的，基本上不可渗透流体的燃料电池隔板包括用于面向流体可渗透燃料电池电极的基本上平坦的主表面，流体可通过其流动到平面主表面的流体入口，流体可通过其流动的出口从平面主表面移除，以及形成在平面主表面中的至少一个离散流体分布特征，例如通道。在板的厚度内，流体分布特征与流体入口和流体出口流体隔离，使得在燃料电池组件中反应物流体必须穿过相邻的流体可渗透电极以在离散流体分布特征和每个流体入口和流体出口。

10. 发明申请

WO0223649A3 FLUID DIFFUSION LAYERS FOR FUEL CELLS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于燃料电池的流体扩散层
公开(公告)号：WO0223649A3
公开(公告)日：2002-09-19
申请号：PCT/CA0101307
申请日：2001-09-14
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , BEATTIE PAUL D , WILKINSON DAVID P , KOZAK PAUL , WANG HAIJIANG , NEUMANN SHEILAH , GORDON JOHN ROBERT , FONG KELVIN KEEN-VEN , WONG-CHEUNG SONIA GEILLIS , DAVIS MICHAEL TODD , CHIEM BIEN , ERICKSON LYNN C
发明人： BEATTIE PAUL D , WILKINSON DAVID P , KOZAK PAUL , WANG HAIJIANG , NEUMANN SHEILAH , GORDON JOHN ROBERT , FONG KELVIN KEEN-VEN , WONG-CHEUNG SONIA GEILLIS , DAVIS MICHAEL TODD , CHIEM BIEN , ERICKSON LYNN C
IPC分类号： H01M4/88 , C01B31/02 , H01M4/86 , H01M4/94 , H01M4/96 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/0239 , H01M8/0234
摘要： Fluid diffusion layers with favorable mechanical and electrical properties are prepared for fuel cell electrodes by impregnating a porous carbonaceous web with a carbonizable polymer having pyrrolidone functionality and then carbonizing the pyrrolidone polymer. The polymer having pyrrolidone functionality is stabilized against vaporization by use of an oxidization step prior to carbonization. The fluid diffusion layers are particularly suitable for use as gas diffusion layers in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells.
摘要翻译：通过用具有吡咯烷酮官能团的可碳化聚合物浸渍多孔碳质纤维素，然后碳化吡咯烷酮聚合物，为燃料电池电极制备具有良好机械和电学性质的流体扩散层。具有吡咯烷酮官能团的聚合物在碳化之前通过使用氧化步骤而稳定化以防汽化。流体扩散层特别适合用作固体聚合物电解质燃料电池中的气体扩散层。

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