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1. 发明授权

US5789091C1 Electrochemical fuel cell stack with compression bands 失效
标题翻译：具有压缩带的电化学燃料电池堆
公开(公告)号：US5789091C1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US75273596
申请日：1996-11-19
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： WOZNICZKA BOGUSLAW , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , GIBB PETER R
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082

2. 发明申请

WO0186743A3 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EMBOSSING EXPANDED GRAPHITE SHEET MATERIAL UNDER REDUCED PRESSURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：减少压力下膨胀石墨片材料的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO0186743A3
公开(公告)日：2003-01-23
申请号：PCT/CA0100654
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , LINES DONALD A , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , POW ERIC G , SEXSMITH MICHAEL , GRAY WILLIAM , THUMM HORST
发明人： LINES DONALD A , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , POW ERIC G , SEXSMITH MICHAEL , GRAY WILLIAM , THUMM HORST
IPC分类号： B29C43/36 , B29C43/56 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/10 , C04B35/536 , B29C59/02
CPC分类号： B29C43/3607 , B29C43/003 , B29C43/36 , B29C43/56 , B29C2043/025 , B29C2043/566 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0228 , Y10T29/10 , Y10T156/1023 , Y10T156/1039 , Y10T156/1056
摘要： An improved embossing expanded graphite sheet material comprises removing at least a portion of the gas from within the material by exposing the material to a pressure less than atmospheric pressure, and then embossing the material. Preferably, the pressure to which the material is exposed is less than or equal to about 400 torr. An improved apparatus for embossing expanded graphite sheet material (102) at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure comprises: at least one embossing device; at least one compression device (112) adapted to urge the embossing device (104) against the material; an embossing chamber (110) comprising the at least one embossing device and adapted to receive the material, and to be substantially gas-tight at least when the embossing device is urged against the material by the pressing device; and an evacuation device for reducing the pressure within the embossing chamber. The atmosphere within the embossing chamber may comprise an inert gas, such as, for example, nitrogen, helium and argon.
摘要翻译：改进的压花膨胀石墨片材料包括通过将材料暴露于小于大气压的压力，然后对材料进行压花来从材料内部去除至少一部分气体。优选地，材料暴露的压力小于或等于约400托。用于在低于大气压的压力下压花膨胀石墨片材（102）的改进装置包括：至少一个压花装置; 至少一个压缩装置（112），其适于推压所述压花装置（104）抵靠所述材料; 压花室（110）包括至少一个压印装置并且适于接收材料，并且至少当压花装置被压制装置推靠在材料上时基本上不气密; 以及用于减小压花室内的压力的抽空装置。压花室内的气氛可以包括惰性气体，例如氮气，氦气和氩气。

3. 发明申请

WO0143216A3 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING A FUEL CELL 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于操作燃料电池的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：WO0143216A3
公开(公告)日：2001-12-06
申请号：PCT/CA0001426
申请日：2000-12-04
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS , BOEHM GUSTAV , WILKINSON DAVID P , KNIGHTS SHANNA , SCHAMM REINHOLD , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J
发明人： BOEHM GUSTAV , WILKINSON DAVID P , KNIGHTS SHANNA , SCHAMM REINHOLD , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089
摘要： The present invention relates to improving the overall efficiency of a fuel cell system by reducing parasitic power consumption. In particular, efficiency is improved by controlling the supply of oxidant to reduce excess oxidant stream flow by operating the fuel cell system with an oxidant stoichiometry between about one and two. A controller is programmed to decrease oxidant stoichiometry until oxidant starvation is detected or until oxidant stoichiometry is about one. When oxidant starvation is detected, the oxidant stoichiometry is increased until oxidant starvation is no longer detected. The fuel cell system employs a sensor for detecting an operational characteristic such as voltage output, or oxygen or hydrogen concentration in the cathode exhaust stream. The controller uses the operational characteristic to calculate oxidant stoichiometry or to determine when there is oxidant starvation at the cathode.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及通过减少寄生功率消耗来提高燃料电池系统的整体效率。特别地，通过以大约1和2之间的氧化剂化学计量操作燃料电池系统，通过控制氧化剂的供应以减少过量的氧化剂流的流动来提高效率。控制器被编程以减少氧化剂化学计量直到检测到氧化剂饥饿或直到氧化剂化学计量大约为1。当检测到氧化剂饥饿时，氧化剂化学计量增加，直到不再检测到氧化剂饥饿。燃料电池系统使用传感器来检测诸如电压输出的操作特性，或阴极排气流中的氧气或氢气浓度。控制器使用操作特性来计算氧化剂化学计量或确定阴极何时存在氧化剂饥饿。

4. 发明专利

AT354871T 未知
公开(公告)号：AT354871T
公开(公告)日：2007-03-15
申请号：AT01929157
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： LINES DONALD A , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , POW ERIC G , SEXSMITH MICHAEL , GRAY WILLIAM , THUMM HORST
IPC分类号： B29C43/36 , B29C43/56 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/00
摘要： A method for embossing expanded graphite sheet material comprises removing at least a portion of the gas from within the material by exposing the material to a pressure less than atmospheric pressure, and then embossing the material. The pressure to which the material is exposed is preferably no greater than about 400 torr. An apparatus for embossing expanded graphite sheet material at a pressure less than atmospheric pressure comprises: an embossing device, a compression device adapted to urge the embossing device against the material, an embossing chamber comprising the at least one embossing device and adapted to receive the material and to be substantially gas-tight at least when the embossing device is urged against the material by the pressing device, and an evacuation device for reducing the pressure within the embossing chamber.

5. 发明专利

CA2271706C ELECTROCHEMICAL FUEL CELL STACK WITH COMPRESSION BANDS 未知
公开(公告)号：CA2271706C
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：CA2271706
申请日：1997-11-17
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , GIBB PETER R , WOZNICZKA BOGUSLAW
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/24
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell stack includes a plurality of fuel cell assemblies interposed between a pair of end plate assemblies (115, 120). The mechanism for securing the stack in its compressed, assembled state includes at least one compression band (130) which circumscribes the end plate assemblies and interposed fuel cell assemblies of the stack. Preferably, at least one of the end plate assemblies comprises a resilient member which cooperates with each compression band to urge the first end plate assembly toward the second end plate assembly, thereby applying compressive force to the fuel cell assemblies to promote sealing and electrical contact between t he layers forming the fuel cell stack.

6. 发明专利

GB2330686B Method and apparatus for commencing operation of a fuel cell electric power generation system below the freezing temperature of water 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2330686B
公开(公告)日：2000-07-12
申请号：GB9826896
申请日：1997-06-04
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , BOEHM GUSTAV A , POW ERIC G
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/04
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for starting and operating an electric power generation system comprising an electrochemical fuel cell stack for supplying electric current to an external electrical circuit. The stack comprises at least one fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an anode, a cathode, and a water permeable ion exchange membrane interposed between the anode and the cathode. A fuel stream and an oxidant stream are each flowable to the fuel cell. At least a portion of the membrane electrode assembly has a temperature below the freezing temperature of water. The supply of electric current to the external circuit from the fuel cell stack is commenced such that the temperature of the membrane electrode assembly exceeds the freezing temperature of water.

7. 发明专利

CA2198346A1 Electrochemical Fuel Cell Stack with Compression Mechanism Extending Through Interior Manifold Headers 未知
公开(公告)号：CA2198346A1
公开(公告)日：1996-03-28
申请号：CA2198346
申请日：1995-09-20
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： GIBB PETER , VOSS HENRY H , SCHLOSSER WOLFGANG , POW ERIC G , LINES DONALD A , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J
IPC分类号： H01M8/24
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell stack has a first end plate, a second end plate, and fuel cell assemblies interposed therebetween. Each fuel cell assembly includes a membrane electrode assembly having at least one manifold header opening formed in the assembly for directing at least one of a fluid fuel stream, a fluid oxidant stream and a fluid coolant stream through the assembly. A tie rod extends within the opening and through each of the first and second end plates. Fastening means are disposed at opposite ends of the tie rod. Compressive means are interposed between at least one of the fastening means and at least one of the first and second end plates. In operation, the fastening means and the compressive means urge the first end plate toward the second end plate, thereby applying compressive force to the fuel cell assemblies.

8. 发明专利

GB2330686C Method and apparatus for commencing operation of afuel cell electric power generation system below the freezing temperature of water 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2330686C
公开(公告)日：2011-05-04
申请号：GB9826896
申请日：1997-06-04
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , BOEHM GUSTAV A , POW ERIC G
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for starting and operating an electric power generation system comprising an electrochemical fuel cell stack for supplying electric current to an external electrical circuit. The stack comprises at least one fuel cell comprising a membrane electrode assembly comprising an anode, a cathode, and a water permeable ion exchange membrane interposed between the anode and the cathode. A fuel stream and an oxidant stream are each flowable to the fuel cell. At least a portion of the membrane electrode assembly has a temperature below the freezing temperature of water. The supply of electric current to the external circuit from the fuel cell stack is commenced such that the temperature of the membrane electrode assembly exceeds the freezing temperature of water.

9. 发明专利

AT324674T 未知
公开(公告)号：AT324674T
公开(公告)日：2006-05-15
申请号：AT00962107
申请日：2000-09-22
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： ROBERTS JOY A , ST-PIERRE JEAN , VAN DER GEEST MARIAN E , ATBI ABDERRAHMANE , FLETCHER NICHOLAS J
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/04
摘要： Temperature dependent methods can be used to improve the cold start capability of fuel cell electric power generation systems. A method of ceasing operation of an electric power generation system improves the cold start capability and freeze tolerance of a fuel cell stack by reducing the amount of water remaining within the passages of the stack. The method involves purging one or more of the fuel cell stack oxidant and fuel passages at shutdown prior to allowing the fuel cell stack to drop to temperatures below the freezing point of water. Preferably purging at shutdown is conducted at a temperature below the stack operating temperature. Another method, used at start-up, involves directing a coolant fluid stream to the fuel cell stack only after a predetermined temperature above the freezing temperature of water is exceeded. Preferably, after freezing the fuel cell stack is heated to a temperature above its normal operating temperature before operation is commenced.

10. 发明专利

CA2179034C ELECTROCHEMICAL FUEL CELL EMPLOYING AMBIENT AIR AS THE OXIDANT AND COOLANT 未知
公开(公告)号：CA2179034C
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：CA2179034
申请日：1994-12-07
申请人： BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
发明人： FLETCHER NICHOLAS J , LAMONT GORDON J , VOSS HENRY H , WILKINSON DAVID P , BASURA VESNA
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10 , H01M8/24
摘要： An electrochemical fuel cell assembly includes a membrane electrode assembly which comprises an anode, a cathode having a surface thereof exposed to ambient air, and an ion exchange membrane interposed between the anode and the cathode. A seal forms a gas-impermeable barrier around the anode to which a gaseous fuel stream is supplied. The assembly further includes a thermally conductive plate having a plurality of thermally conductive members of fins extending from a major surface of the plate. The thermally conductive members contact portions of the exposed cathode surface. Adjacent thermally conductive members cooperate with the plate and the exposed cathode surface to form air conducting channels. Heat generated exothermically in the membrane electrode assembly is dissipated to the atmosphere through the thermally conductive members.

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